【 Weak current College 】 several new technologies in intelligent buildings

Summary: this article briefly discusses the concept of intelligent buildings and the construction of intelligent buildings and highlight several new technologies in intelligent buildings and its development.

　
1 Introduction
Intelligent building technology is the means through the building's structure, equipment, services and management, based on user demand for the most optimum combination, thus providing users with an efficient, comfortable, convenient human built environment, it is a modern building, modern communication networks, modern control network, Internet/In-tranet and modern computer in one of the technology.
2 the concept of intelligent building and system structure
The connotation of the intelligent construction: in essence, the architectural framework based on system engineering principles, adapting to the needs of specific populations, integrated computer technology, network technology, automation technology, biotechnology, materials science and environmental science of comfort, environmental protection, section. can, efficient, safe and effective delivery of information and sustainable development of the artificial environment.
3 several new technologies in intelligent buildings
3.1 network technology
With the development of optical fiber technology, intelligent building and intelligent home equipment ushered in a new era of networks. Web-based Intranet network technology is becoming a building or internal information form the backbone of the mainstream. Intelligent building requires network has sufficient bandwidth and a certain quality of service that allows multimedia information to the user's browser smoothing, Internet/Intranet for people to exchange of information and lifestyle ushered in a whole new world of information.
Information network technology in intelligent buildings cause: ① I n t e r-n e n t I t/r a n e t reduce people and intelligent building internal and external information communication and information distribution, dissemination costs; ② with open network transport association information system software and hardware investment and performance enhancement and maintenance costs; ③ enhance building management staff productivity and management levels, improve the management of the building industry, develop management programmes and global events in collaboration with the capability of handling; ④ can realize remote monitoring and operations as well as comprehensive information data access; ⑤ to increase communication Automation control systems and information systems of information and data exchange capabilities, Internet/Intranet can seamlessly connect to the firewall; ⑥ information and control systems integration can be directly used building cabling system, and network interconnection and extensions are easy to implement.
3.2 wireless LAN technology
Wireless LAN (WirelessLAN) rapid rise is due to its simple structure, easy to install, the main part is a wireless PC and PC. Wireless LANs are generally several transmission technology, the cost depends on different technology manufacturing wireless PC card: RF radio frequency technology (Ra-dioFrequency), direct sequence spread spectrum technology DS (DirectSe-quence), frequency-hopping spread-spectrum technology FH (FrequencyHopping), infrared IR (Infrared), video transmission, diffusion, transport, etc. Wireless LAN and mobile communication and the combination of satellite communications will play a greater role, and its technology development are being increasingly embraced and attention.
Wireless LAN technology in intelligent building applications include:
① application of e-commerce system: the intelligent building within the e-shopping, e-commerce machine wireless local area network connection;
② wireless signal Repeater: in intelligent buildings for mobile phones, pagers signal Repeater functionality;
③ Wireless Conference TV and video services: intelligent buildings through wireless LAN provides the venue for the meeting of the TV and video signal transmission, interaction and access services;
④ application service system: the intelligent building of dining, entertainment, remote medical diagnosis, family education and related services for the wireless LAN connection.
3.3 two-way TV transmission technology
Signal transmission technology is a broadband network transmission technology is the key. Realization of 3 kinds of signals (cable TV signals, computer signals and telephone signals) in the same transmission medium interference-free transmission is bi-directional transmission method used. In order to constitute a bidirectional line will need to set up the uplink and downlink. Upstream and downstream transmission technology implementation is to use frequency division multiplexing and time division multiplexing. Uplink transmission signal mainly computer signals, cable analog signal and telephone audio signal, the signal for the downlink transmission mainly TV signal and data signals. Two-way TV transmission technology enables intelligent building within the traditional CATV network improvement to provide interactive information and data transmission of broadband high-speed network for future intelligent building, within the network, computer, network, telephone network integrated transmission mode provides reserved network interface.
Two-way TV transmission technology in the application of the intelligent building: ① digital or analog TV VOD; ② ③ interactive video games; to provide broadband Internet/Intranet network access.
3.4 home intelligent technology
Intelligent Home ideas and composition from the intelligent building. Smart home network is the information home appliances and other equipment by physically connected together, so that it can communicate with each other, forming family network system or home LAN. It's built environment conducive to the unified information appliance and intelligent management. Smart home network technology to information appliances via a network connection, easy to use, provides a more comfortable, more secure, more efficient, intelligent, and enable people to improve the quality of life.
Family of intelligent technologies in intelligent buildings are:
① family safety warning system: illegal entry, fire, water, air leakage, emergency call, automatic alarm;
② electric remote control family accommodation: Smart intelligent vacuum cleaner, microwave ovens, refrigerators, smart and intelligent air conditioner, intelligent television remote control;
③Information appliance functionality upgrade from manufacturers to automatically download new control procedures to achieve information appliances feature upgrades, remote troubleshooting, maintenance, household electrical appliances;
④ appliance network control: each user appliances can be its own control menu announced to the home network, thereby available TV, fax, handheld PC, video phone and mobile phones to connect to a home network to control all home appliances.
3.5 mobile office technology
Mobile Office is the use of virtualization technology provides a virtual office environment, it is a network technology, communication technology, Visual technology, and family of integrated intelligent technology. Mobile Office technology can make your home or Office personnel as in different places in your own Office, you can anytime, anywhere access to Office Office processes, timely processing of files and read information; participation in meetings held by the TV company to participate in presentations and discussions, as well as through family of intelligent technology, using the videophone and Visual mobile device in the Office and home electric appliance equipment for remote control.
Mobile Office technology in intelligent buildings include:
① multimedia e-mail: intelligent fax and E-mail through Netmeeting way transmission of sounds, images, video, audio, information and formatting of text;
② remote conferencing: B-ISDN or Internet remote access conferencing Terminal;
③ wireless remote control: use B-ISDN or Internet/Intranet networks using videophone or Visual Mobile on the device or household appliances, Office equipment remote control.
3.6 control network technology
At present, the control of network technology are open to the architecture and network interconnection. Open control network with standardized, portability, scalability, and interoperability. In the computer Internet technology, control networks to meet the requirements of openness must go network interconnect path of development, from-the-spot control bus to control network is an inevitable trend. Control network usually refers to the process object control of the computer network.
Control network technology in intelligent buildings include:
① improving intelligent building building automatic control system, security monitoring and alarm system, fire alarm system, combustible gas leak alarm system, among other things, heterogeneous network environment control and interaction of structures.
② can realize intelligent building equipment, communication, management and control of automated remote monitoring and data acquisition.
③ help and comprehensive distribution application system, integrated systems, interactive, intelligent buildings, all of the devices and security monitoring information can access a variety of computer platforms (e.g. Windows98/2000, Java) and desktop systems to improve monitoring of intelligent building, sharing of information with the "integrated group environment" data integration.
④ environment conducive to the living environment, State and electromechanical equipment of the running process for testing, monitoring and control.
3.7 biotechnology
With the development of bio technology, many of the intelligent system will biometric smart technology, green building construction will promote more new areas for the development of new technologies. Biotechnology in the intelligent construction applications include: ① biotechnology and building materials of fusion, the buildings more energy efficient; ② environment detection technology. Hope that future biological smart chip of perception closer to people, biotechnology will be on the handling of hazardous materials; ③ effective biological intelligence will put intelligent building to a new level.
3.8 smart card technology
With LSI technology development, smart cards have the volume is small, portable and easy to use, security and reliability. At present, the use of smart card system for intelligent building entrances, parking management, patrol attendance management, commercial consumption and e-purse and material management, property management, and other important sector access management can be achieved through a smart card. Smart card technology in intelligent buildings include:
① entrance management system: import/export management IC card management should be adopted, on the staff entrance channel, apartment total door information records and elevator for access security management;
② patrol attendance management system: through smart card records security personnel time or from time to time, in its inspection, each patrol point is equipped with the keys button, patrol officers to attend the patrol point press the button to insert a smart card, the system automatically records, print, archive, patrolling security management;
③ car park management system: the intelligent building of all vehicles (cars, motorcycles, bicycles, etc.), the driver held a number, and password in a intelligent IC card door keys, legitimate card is approved, or rejected.
Smart card system to achieve automatic parking guide in Chinese language, automatic charging, light guide, and automatically generate the archives file, print, display;
④ property charges and management system: the system is based on a computer network was first entered the Smart network system, water, electricity, gas metering automation and achieve various automated billing, and to provide a telephone enquiry, transfer and collection, and a series of management;
⑤ personnel attendance management system: use smart cards to establish personnel archives, records staff absences.
3.9 visualization technology
Visualization technology is based on network video transmission, interaction and providing multimedia video services technology. At present, in the intelligent construction within the digital video on demand and video conferencing are all adopted visualization technology to building network desktop system with video transmission, interactivity and service functions. Visualization technology in intelligent buildings are:
① digital television on demand: the intelligent building network desktop systems such as movies, TV, tele-education and games, and so video services;
② videoconferencing: the intelligent building of the network desktop system provides point-to-point or network forms of interactive multimediaImage transfer service.
3.10 data satellite communications technology
Direct broadcast satellite system communication technology established a small satellite station (VSAT) technology as the main body, the application is received by the satellite multiplex high speed channel (IDR/MUX) frames for interrupt switching technology, auxiliary data, images, language and content network. Because DBS faster transfer rates, transport, reliable safety, frequency bandwidth, large capacity, channel BER low, wide coverage, to achieve high-quality broadband communication, suitable for mobile communications, and wireless access in the application, the application can be developed. While the integrated application of satellite on-board multibeam cover, surface treatment technology, cellular mobile communications and computer software technology.
Data satellite communications technologies in intelligent buildings including: ① provides Internet/Intranet network access; ② provide interconnection with B-ISDN network; ③ provides professional LAN network access; ④ implementation and a combination of mobile communications systems; ⑤ remote multipoint videoconferencing; ⑥ remote medical diagnosis and distance education.
4 closing
Intelligent building is the modernization of the 21st century. Intelligent building has become the world's technological innovation and economic development of the new growth point. Information technology in intelligent buildings will certainly set up in the network and has a good human-computer interaction and multi-dimensional information processing capabilities. Technically, the focus will be on the development of virtual technology, teamwork, visualization technologies and biotechnology; in the application, the application must be closely integrated, stressed.