【 Weak current College 】 kitchen acceptance method

There are a lot of people in the bathroom and when acceptance of kitchen acceptance not careful, after a period of time the bathroom sewer always plug, water leakage, kitchen exhaust pipe is not very smooth. These problems are very difficult to repair. So how should the kitchen and toilet? into front of acceptance, the need to prepare the housing quality assurance "and" residential "manual" and acceptance of the record sheet, check whether the housing situation and developers on housing quality and warranty, the scope of the commitments made. Acceptance of the toilet is blocked: floor drain on the water, look for any leakage. Housing quality complaints, issues such as leakage, and ventilation rate is large, so for the acceptance of checks to the toilet is very carefully. Kitchen, bathrooms a acceptance method: check the bathroom ventilation. Examined whether reserved under ceiling vents, and if it is left in the ceiling above which you want to use a flashlight to see whether you can install, test pumping force at the same time, use a flashlight to see whether toilet vents with construction debris; toilet in loudaonei window should install burglar mesh, no Windows, you should install the ventilation holes. Ventilation hole diameter 10 cm, located in the ceiling from below; ventilation holes nearest outlet distance should 1.5 m and is waterproof socket. Kitchen, bathroom and acceptance method two: acceptance of the bathroom closet, bath with quality, including visits to the bathroom closet, bath with whether there are cracks, bathtub, toilet, wash-basin, if there is leakage phenomenon, sometimes thin cracks such as hair, it is necessary to watch carefully; acceptance of toilet water is when you want to look smooth, flush noise is normal, flushing cisterns have no leaks, bath, wash basin and wall or Cabinet interface Department waterproof it appropriate. Kitchen, bathroom and acceptance method three: the existence of a leaking toilet floor. Bath bathroom upstairs, downstairs in the bathroom there is a risk of small dirty rain, this is because there is no good waterproof upstairs, so when the acceptance and upstairs bathroom, do all of the traps in the water test. Specific acceptance, upstairs and own bathroom with a plastic bag good sand, full of all floor drain plug, and then filled with water, maintain a 24 to 48 hours, the downstairs bathroom has no leakage phenomenon, there are no problems of toilet water so that the water is considered acceptance. Kitchen, bathroom and acceptance method 4: closed water approval, closed water approval take longer, if you discover the uneven ground water, water areas of floor tiles all hit off, after laying tiles made waterproof, re-acceptance, not water. Tip: don't be afraid when the acceptance toilet trouble, otherwise the home after the toilet water seepage, resolve to be too much trouble. Have the best water balcony on make closed water approval. The most intuitive and acceptance of the kitchen is to first look at the smoke hole, kitchen exhaust hole diameter of not less than 15 cm. Home life cannot be separated from the kitchen, made well, natural kitchen require higher. Therefore, when the kitchen acceptance more carefully. Kitchen, bathroom and acceptance of the method 5: examine the kitchen ventilation, kitchen ventilation window area using the area of 1/10, such as kitchen interior area of 10 square meters, then turn on the window size is 1 square meter. In addition, the kitchen exhaust hole diameter 15 cm, not when you cannot install the hood, the acceptance is carefully measured. Kitchen, bathroom and acceptance method six: the acceptance of kitchenware, see kitchen cabinet counter any body deformation, a solid closet door Chou, door is open and close smoothly; kitchenware, ceramic tiles and pipes have to be careful on the acceptance of non-viscous cement is not cleaning, kitchen tile any loose particles and rugged, kitchen flue you need paper ignition after fire smoke, in smoke level crossing below 10 centimeters, see tobacco smoke is rising to the level crossing turn sucked away immediately. If everything is not a problem, kitchen and toilet is considered acceptance. Tip: check the kitchen will also need to see water meter is working properly. Please open the tap water valve upstairs, water should be put to the maximum amount of water, and then look at their own kitchen water meter, water meter does not run on the water meter eligible because there have been others kitchen water meter run when, home, explains kitchen water meter is not eligible to be replaced.

【 Weak current college 】 bathroom wall tile why discoloration

Why do some bathroom wall tile splashed a little water will change color?

Our top of the toilet is unified decoration, bathroom wall tile splashing water on the stain, but several days to become normal color, in addition to the ugly, worried about a long time, a dry a wet, the glaze will fall. Check water absorption rate greater than 10% of the national ceramic brick standard 5 categories, namely, GB/T4100/1999 5: water absorption rate is greater than 10%, and there is no upper limit, the State does not stipulate the 5 types of tiles suitable for anywhere, is this the qualified ceramic tiles?

Bathroom wall tile color primarily high water absorption is higher with ceramic components, rigid, and the wall will be affected by climate impact outside glazed crack, break, and so on, so there will be color, generally do not have to use cylinder selection! brick kind of purchase!

Available in a wide variety of wall and floor tiles, rich colors, in choosing to pay attention to:

First, according to their own tastes and field layout, from wall and floor tiles brand, size, color selection.

2. purchase of wall and floor tiles, it is necessary to pay attention to their resistance to cracking resistance and strength of glaze, good quality and low water absorption rate of wall and floor tiles resistant glazing cracking good, buy it back when you drop a drop of water, water-absorbent and slow, slow absorption better. General good color changing situation does not occur.

3. at the surface is flat, there is no cross－section pinhole. When selects and purchases may listen to the voice, percussion sounds more brittle, which means that the density and hardness.

4. look at the color, select the tile is placed in the margin color patterns other than watching 0.8m. Some of the tiles color difference in this respect, it is also easy to mount after like bracts, wall and floor tiles.

V. size to the size of unified standards, specifications, and uniform thickness, pick a case when in any pumping some conduct. Look for consistency.

VI. consumer purchase tile is important to note that it is marked in accordance with the national health standard promulgated by green flag or text, not to buy three tile products. Relevant expert recommends buy tiles in three steps:

Step 1: determine the space used by the wall and floor tiles. You buy a tile is used in the kitchen, bathroom or living room?, the most basic set of criteria for the selection.

The second step: according to the specification to determine whether it meets the requirements of wall and floor tiles. With degrees (also called wear) indicates that the tiles are easy to wear degree: degree level tiles Ⅰ wear rate minimum, generally used for showcase, walls and very few places; second degree level of tiles is mainly used in the bathroom, bedroom, no hard friction environment; third degree tiles suitable for places where frequent movement of persons, such as the living room, kitchen, etc.; Ⅳ of ceramic tiles with high wear resistance, in the luxury residential halls, corridors and public use is ideal; Ⅴ degrees in General with Super wear, used for non-family environment, such as airports, stations, etc.

Step three: consult and tile resistance to acid-base properties to choose the right detergent, preventing contamination of glazed.

【 Weak current College 】 People's Republic of China environmental noise pollution prevention law

People's Republic of China on the prevention and control of noise pollution

Chapter 1 General provisions

The first is the prevention of noise pollution, protecting and improving the living environment, protect human health, to promote economic and social development, the development of this law.

This law alleged environmental noise, refer to industrial production, construction, transport and social life of the interference in the surrounding environment.

Referred to in this law, environmental noise is means the environmental noise exceeding the national emission standards for environmental noise, and interference with others to a normal life, work and learning.

The third article this law applies to People's Republic of China in the field of prevention of noise pollution.

Engaged in terms of production and operation of the work affected by the noise hazard prevention and control of this law shall not apply.

Article 4 of the State and local governments should set the noise pollution prevention into environmental protection planning and environmental protection in favour of sound economic, technology, policies and measures.

Fifth article of local governments in the development of rural and urban construction planning, should take full account of construction projects and regional development, improvement of noise on the surrounding environment, and manpower planning, reasonable arrangement of the Ribbon and the building layout, prevent or reduce noise pollution.

Article 6 of the State environmental protection administration departments nationwide environmental noise pollution prevention implementation of consolidated supervision.

The local people's Governments at or above the county level environmental protection administration departments of the administration area of environmental and noise pollution prevention implementation of consolidated supervision.

All levels of public security, traffic, railway, aviation and other departments and agencies, the port authority in accordance with their respective mandates, to transportation and social life of noise pollution prevention implementation monitoring and management.

7 all units and individuals have the obligation to protect the acoustic environment and on noise pollution caused by the units and individuals for prosecution and the accused.

8 the State encourages and supports environmental noise pollution prevention and control of scientific research, technological development, the promotion of advanced control technology and universal access to prevention of noise pollution in scientific knowledge.

Article 9 on the noise pollution prevention achievements marked units and individuals, reward by people's Government.

Chapter II of the environmental noise pollution prevention and control of regulatory

Article x of the State environmental protection administration departments are different functional areas to develop national acoustic environment quality standards.

The local people's Governments at or above the county level according to the acoustic environment quality standards, the delineation of administrative areas in the acoustic environment quality standards of the applicable zone, and management.

Article 11 of the State environmental protection administration departments according to the acoustic environment quality standards and national economic conditions, technology, development of national environmental standards on noise emissions.

13 urban planning sector when determining the building layout, should be based on national sound environmental quality standards and civil construction specifications for the design of sound insulation, reasonable designated buildings and traffic arteries of anti-noise distance, and propose the appropriate planning and design requirements.

13 new and reconstructed, expansion and construction of the project, must comply with the relevant State environmental protection administration of construction projects.

Construction project may produce noise pollution, construction unit must raise environmental impact report, environmental noise pollution prevention measures, and in accordance with the procedure provided for by the State environmental protection administration departments.

Environmental impact report, should have the project location and views.

Article XIV construction projects of environmental and noise pollution prevention facilities must be the principal part of the project at the design, construction, while at the same time put into use.

Construction projects in production or use of, its noise pollution prevention facilities must be the original environmental impact report and approval of the environmental protection administration departments of acceptance; the State regulations require that the project must not be put into production or use.

Article 15 the noise pollution generated by enterprises and institutions, must maintain control of noise pollution in the normal use of the facilities; removal or idle environment noise pollution prevention facilities, must be reported to the local people's Governments at or above the county level, environment protection authority for approval.

Article 16 of the environmental noise pollution produced, shall adopt measures to control, and in accordance with national provisions on payment of excess charges. Collection of Hyper-standard charges must be used for the prevention of the pollution, shall not be used for any other purposes.

17 for noise-sensitive buildings set area causing serious environmental noise pollution by enterprises and institutions, the deadline for treatment. The deadline for governance unit must complete management tasks. Improvement within the people's Government at or above the county level, in accordance with the provisions of the State Council decided that permission.

For small enterprises and institutions of governance, the people's Governments at or above the county level within the jurisdiction of the State Council provisions authorizing its environmental protection administration departments.

18 countries on environmental noise pollution serious backward elimination system equipment.

Economic authorities of the State Council shall be published in conjunction with the departments concerned, the prohibition against the production within sales, a ban on the import of noise pollution serious equipment list.

Producers, sellers or importer must be in the State economy Department in conjunction with the relevant departments within the period provided to stop production and sales, respectively, or imported into the directory specified in the preceding paragraph.

Article 19 within the city engaged in productive activities that require occasional strong noise emissions, must be obtained in advance from the local authorities, approved before. Local authorities should provide the social advertisement.

Article 20 of the State environmental protection administration departments should establish environmental noise monitoring system, development of monitoringSpecifications, and with the relevant sector organizations monitoring network.

Environmental noise monitoring institutions should follow the State environmental protection administration departments of the provisions submitted to the environmental noise monitoring results.

Article 21 of the people's Governments at or above the county level environmental protection administration departments, and other ambient noise pollution prevention and control of regulatory agencies, institutions, are entitled to in accordance with their respective responsibilities for the jurisdiction of the emission of noise unit for spot checks. Be examined by the units must be accurately and provide the necessary information. Check the Department, agencies should be checked by the unit conservative technology secrets and business secrets.

Inspectors conduct on-site inspection, shall produce documents.

Chapter III industrial noise pollution prevention

Article 22 of this law, the industrial noise is means industrial production activity using a fixed equipment interference around the living environment of sound.

Article 23 in the urban context surrounding the living environment of industrial noise emissions should conform to national industrial plant sector environmental noise emission standards.

24 in the industrial production as a result of the use of fixed equipment noise pollution caused by industrial enterprises, must be in accordance with the State environmental protection administration departments, to the location of the local people's Governments at or above the county level environmental protection administration departments to declare ownership of noise pollution caused by equipment type, quantity and in good working condition by noise and noise pollution prevention facilities and provide prevention of noise pollution in technical information.

Noise pollution caused by equipment type, quantity and noise values and control facilities there are major changes, it must immediately declare and take the necessary preventive measures.

Article 25 the noise pollution generated by industrial enterprises, should take effective measures to reduce noise on the surrounding environment.

Article 26 of the State authorities may produce noise pollution of industrial equipment, shall, in accordance with sound environmental protection requirements and the country's economic and technical conditions, and gradually develop products according to the law of the national standards, industry standards in the noise limits. In the preceding paragraph industrial equipment running noise values when issued, shall be the relevant technical file.

Chapter IV construction noise pollution prevention

Article 27 of this law, the construction noise is means the building construction process of the sound of the surrounding environment.

Article 28 within urban areas in cities around the living environment of the construction noise emissions should conform to national rules of construction site boundary environmental noise emission standards.

Article 29 urban areas in the city, the building construction process using mechanical devices that may produce noise pollution, construction unit must be in the project location to 15 projects and local people's Governments at or above the county level environmental protection administration departments to declare the project name, construction sites and duration, the possible values for environmental noise and the noise pollution prevention measures.

Article 30 in urban urban noise-sensitive buildings set within the region, the prohibition of night noise pollution generated by construction jobs, but rush, rescue operations and production process requirements or special needs, with the exception of the job must be continuous.

Any special needs must be continuous job, must have the people's Governments at or above the county level, or their relevant competent authorities. In the preceding paragraph night job, you must notice residents nearby.

Chapter v transport noise pollution prevention

Article 31 transport noise referred to in this law, refers to motor vehicles, railway locomotive and motor vessels, aircraft and other means of transport at run time, the resulting interference with the sound of the surrounding environment.

Article 32, to prohibit the manufacture, sale or import more than the noise limits for cars.

Article 33 within the urban markets of motor vehicle muffler and speakers must comply with national requirements. Motor vehicle repair and maintenance must be strengthened, and maintain technical performance good, the prevention of noise pollution.

Article 34 motor vehicles in urban traffic in the urban context, maneuvering the ship City urban area of inland waterway navigation, railway locomotive travelling through or into the city's downtown, sanitariums, you must use the sound device in accordance with the regulations.

Police cars, fire engines, ambulances, emergency vehicles, construction and other motor vehicle installation, use the alarm, must comply with the provisions of the Police Department under the State Council; the implementation of non-urgent tasks, the prohibition of the use of alarm.

Article 35 cities people's public security organs according to local city urban area sound environmental protection needs, draw against motor vehicle traffic and prohibit their use of sound equipment for road and time and notice to the society.

Article 36 of the building through the existing noise-sensitive buildings set area highways and urban loft, light rail road, could cause environmental noise, noise barrier should be set up or take other effective control measures on noise pollution.

Article 37 in existing urban traffic arteries of construction noise-sensitive buildings on both sides, construction unit should provide interval a certain distance, and take relief, avoid traffic noise impact measures.

Article 38 of the station, a railway marshalling yard, ports, terminals, airports, etc. When you use the command loudspeakers, should control the volume, reduce noise on the surrounding environment.

39 through urban neighbourhoods, and educational area of railway, railway locomotive operating environment noise pollution, the local city people's Government shall organize the railway sector and other relevant departments, for reducing noise pollution. The railway sector and other relevant departments shall, in accordance with the planning of requirements, to take effective measures to reduce noise pollution.

Article 40, in addition to the take-off, To descend or as provided in the law, the civil aircraft flying over the city urban area shall not be. City people's Government shall be made in the aircraft take-off and landing clearance around designate restricted construction noise-sensitive buildings and areas; in the area of construction noise-sensitive buildings, construction unit should be done to mitigate or avoid aircraft runtime-generated noise impact measures. The civil aviation sector should take effective measures to reduce noise pollution.

Chapter VI of the social life of noise pollution

Article 41 of this law in the social life of noise, refers to human activities in addition to industrial noise, traffic and transport construction noise and interference noise from the surrounding environment.

42 in urban urban noise-sensitive buildings set within the region, due to commercial business activities using fixed equipment noise pollution caused by commercial enterprises, must be in accordance with the State environmental protection administration departments, to the location of the local people's Governments at or above the county level environmental protection administration departments reporting has caused environmental noise pollution equipment status and control of noise pollution in facilities.

43 new business culture entertainment boundary noise must comply with national environmental noise emission standards; not compatible with the national environmental noise emission standards, cultural administrative departments shall not issue a permit to operate the culture, the administrative authority for industry and commerce business license shall not be issued.

Management of cultural entertainment, it managers must take effective measures to make its boundary noise is not more than the State of environmental noise emission standards.

Article 44 prohibits commercial business activities using treble loudspeakers or other loud noise way to attract customers.

In commercial business activities using the air conditioner, cooling towers, etc may produce noise pollution equipment, facilities, their managers should take measures so that its boundary noise is not more than the State of environmental noise emission standards.

Article 45 prohibits any units and individuals in the city of urban noise-sensitive buildings set within the area of loudspeakers with the treble.

In the city's urban streets, squares, parks and other public organizations activities such as entertainment, Assembly, use the audio equipment may interfere with the surrounding environment of excessive volume, you must comply with the provisions of the local public security organs.

Article 46 use household appliances, instruments or other family room entertainment activities, should control the volume or to take other measures to prevent residents of surrounding noise pollution.

Article 47 in the completed delivery of residential building for indoor decoration, should limit the working time, and take other effective measures to mitigate and avoid surrounding noise pollution to residents.

Liability under Chapter VII of the

Forty-eighth article violates this law to the provisions of article 14, the construction project in need of environmental noise pollution prevention facilities not built or not meeting State requirements, production or use without authorization, the approval of the project's environmental impact report of the environmental protection administration departments ordered the cessation of production or use, and a fine.

Forty-ninth article violates this law to stipulate, refusing or misrepresents the environmental noise emissions reporting matters, local people's Governments at or above the county level environmental protection administration departments can according to different circumstances, and given a warning or a fine.

50 article violates this law to the provisions of article 15, without environmental protection administration departments approve the dismantling or idle environment noise pollution prevention facilities, resulting in noise emissions exceed the prescribed standards, by the local people's Governments at or above the county level environmental protection administration departments ordered corrective action and a fine.

51 article violates this law to the provisions of article XVI, not in accordance with the national pay Super standard sewage charges, the local people's Governments at or above the county level environmental protection administration departments can according to different circumstances, and given a warning or a fine.

Article 52 violates the provisions of article 17, on the improvement within a complete governance overdue tasks of enterprises or institutions, except in accordance with State regulations are super standard charges, can cause harm to, or order them out of business, relocation, closed. In the preceding paragraph penalty by environment protection administration departments. Order the closure, removal, close by the people's Governments at or above the county level, in accordance with the provisions of the State Council decided that permission.

53 contrary to article 18 of this law, production, sale and imports prohibition, production, sales and import of equipment, the people's Government at or above the county level economic departments of correction; serious cases, by the people's Governments at or above the county level, economic departments of the comments submitted in accordance with the provisions of the State Council at the Government's permission to order closure, closure.

54th article violates this law to the provisions of article 19, without the approval of the local public security organs, to produce the occasional strong noise activities by the public security organs under different circumstances shall issue a warning or a fine.

55 emission noise unit violates the provisions of article 21, the denial of the environmental protection administration departments or other according to the provisions of this law in the exercise of supervision and management of environmental noise in departments, agencies on-site inspection or the check fraud, the environmental protection administration departments or other according to the provisions of this law in the exercise of supervision and management of environmental noise of regulatory agencies, institutions can give according to different circumstances, a warning or a fine.

Article 56 of this Act in construction units in breach of article 30, paragraph 1, in the city of urban noise-sensitive buildings set within the region, night prohibited production environment noise pollution of construction jobs, construction site local people's Governments at or above the county level environmental protection Administration Department of correction, and concurrently impose a fine.

Seventh article violates this law to the provisions of article 34, motor vehicles, in accordance with the provisions of theWith a sound device, the local public security organs under different circumstances shall issue a warning or a fine.

Maneuvering the ship in the preceding paragraph, of the violation by the port authority institutions under different circumstances shall issue a warning or a fine. Railway locomotives have a first offence, by the railway authorities to the relevant personnel administrative action.

Eighth article violates this law to stipulate that any of the following acts shall be given a warning by the police, can do fine:

(A) in the city of urban noise-sensitive buildings set within the area of use high-pitched loudspeakers;

(Ii) violation of the provisions of the local public security organs, in urban urban streets, squares, parks and other public organizations activities such as entertainment, Assembly, use the audio equipment, produce interference around the living environment of excessive volume;

(Iii) the failure of this law, article 46 and article 47 provides for the adoption of measures, from the family room issued serious interference with the surrounding inhabitants living environment noise.

Ninth article violates this law to article 43 (2), article 44, paragraph 2, the ambient noise pollution caused by the local people's Governments at or above the county level environmental protection Administration Department of correction, and concurrently impose a fine.

60 article violates this law to article 44, paragraph 1, the noise pollution caused by the public security Office ordered corrective action, and a fine.

The decision according to a provincial people's Government at or above the county level people's Government at or above the Administrative Department of environmental protection in the exercise of the administrative penalties prescribed in the preceding paragraph, right from its decision.

Article 61 is affected by environmental noise pollution hazards unit or individual has the right to require the perpetrator to eliminate it; the loss compensation.

Liability and compensation of the dispute, according to client's request, by environment protection administration departments or other environmental noise pollution prevention and control of the regulatory agency, the Agency's mediation process; mediation, the parties may bring a lawsuit. The party may also directly to the Court.

Article 62 of the noise pollution prevention inspectors and control personnel from abuse, neglect, took private fraud, from its organization or competent authority imposes the administrative sanction; the Constitution crime, legally investigates the legal responsibility.

Chapter supplementary articles

Article 63 of this law in the meaning of the following terms:

(A) "noise emissions" means the noise source to the living environment of radiation noise around.

(Ii) "noise-sensitive buildings" refers to hospitals, schools, offices, research units, residential and other buildings need to be quiet.

(Iii) "noise-sensitive buildings focus area" refers to the medical area, cultural and educational research area and to organs or residence as the main area.

(Iv) "night time" refers to the late twenty-two in the morning the period between the six.

(V) "motor vehicle" means a motor vehicle and motorcycle.

Article 64 of this law as from 1 March 1997.

In 1989, September 26, the State Council for the prevention of noise pollution People's Republic of China Ordinance abolished at the same time.

【 Weak current College 】 owners in decoration which should be in compliance with policies and regulations

Landlord renovation housing means housing all people owning housing renovations or repairs. Owners in conducting such activities must comply with the provisions for the management of architectural decoration, the family indoor management pilot scheme "and so on. Reflected in:

Owner occupancy should be signed with the property management unit, Convention: decoration

1. interior decoration should not arbitrarily change the housing body load-bearing structure. Not free in the load-bearing walls, punctures, shall not be arbitrarily increased static load floor, an indoor wall or ceiling installation overload, large lamps and ceiling fan.

2. where the main structure involving demolition and significantly increased the load, the seat of the owner must provide the housing estate administration departments, and units of housing security identification on decoration scheme using security accreditation; housing decoration applicants holding the instruments of ratification to the urban planning departments handle the formalities and obtaining construction permits.

3. no illegal structures. Shall not remove connections balcony doors and Windows of the wall, expanding the original doors and Windows of the dimensions or other building doors and Windows.

4. don't unauthorised mobile sewage or water pipeline location. Shall not disrupt or dismantles the kitchen, toilets and ground water, warm water, electricity, gas facilities.

5. no significant use of flammable materials.

6. without prejudice to the overall clean appearance of exterior wall.

7. the renovation of housing both the owners themselves or commissioned to mitigate or avoid adjacent residents to normal life.

8. the renovation housing various waste, should be developed in accordance with the relevant departments of the location, and time for storage and removal. Prohibited from upstairs to the ground or in the trash, sewer abandoned due to decorate decorated rooms of wastes and other substances.

9. the renovation caused adjacent residents shelter pipe blocked, leakage, power outages, goods damaged, and so on, should the family room decoration of the seller is responsible for the rehabilitation and compensation; the case is the responsibility of the client, the client could be responsible for repair and the seller.

【 Weak current College 】 family store what you want to select a storage device

【 IT168 Zhuangao 】 usually what we call the family store, actually we have been more concerned about family of digital storage, as the name suggests, is that we live and work in the resulting data, into a family of storage devices, the equipment we can put him called the family store.　　1. Why do families need storage? family why you need a network storage? as digital media continues to change and development, users on the network storage performance of increasingly demanding, faced with a dramatic increase in the number of digital photos, video and MP3, how to securely store valuable data, and other computer and audio-visual equipment for inspection, browse the many users need to consider, therefore, has high efficiency and manageability of network storage devices naturally become home users a new selection.　　You can see that family storage networks promoting their fundamental reasons are: the future of home living to and more and more multimedia information dealing with the need to store the data in the family--photos, videos, music, and so on--will more and more, like business or operational networks that these data centralized storage and management, efficiency and security is very good. Home storage network and our well known enterprise storage network responsible for the same disaster recovery and backup, data management capabilities, but application of occasions to the family.　　Of course, the designer will be on the "big" network storage network simplification and cropping, there will be some adjustments to adapt to the characteristics of the family, relative to the enterprise-class networked storage, home storage streamlines software, information security control equipment, the focus of the project as an internal wireless network connections, and various networking equipment for easy operation. Believe that the family of storage devices (a small hard drive array) can be used as a new category of appliance, will be through wired or wirelessly connected to a home network. 2. What are the family storage needs: as the gradual extension of digital products, the majority of home users will have more and more digital equipment, small-to-digital Walkman MP3, MP4, digital video game in the PSP, NDSL; large DV digital camcorder, digital camera, DC. These digital product data are in the form of a file.　　These will be the home user storage objects. Personally I need proper storage of data in the following two categories — categories and life. Working class is primarily concerned with the TXT, WORD and Excel format documents, or it may involve some video learning resources.　　But life class data format is relatively abundant, small-to-own record of the text and data in office documents, to its own use DC or DV recording photo, video, data, and to download the game, software programs, learning video, there are a lot of ISO, high definition video files also require high-capacity storage device to keep. Above is the normal home user's need to keep data files, from capacity on several hundred G T demand on even exist. While the family store features? family storage maximum demand? main can be summarized as follows: 1. content: family stored content essentially derived from the following aspects: film and TV (movies, TV), music, photos, SOHO family produces work data, and so on a kind of private data. 2. storage mode: there are common ways to store your hard disk and optical storage, due to the growing volumes of data, and development to large hard disk, hard disk arrays, NAS a range of storage devices. 3. Management: home storage device should have the following management features: private account management, public accounts LAN shared management, folder access rights management, and remote access management. 4. audio output device: for audio and video data, we can through a particular device (usually uses the set-top boxes), for home storage device in the audio and video data in household TV direct. 5. data download: data download is home to a storage device, easy for function extension for sharing data in a wide area. 6. the storage size: relative to the size of the enterprise storage, home storage size is small. 7. price: home storage device prices relative to enterprise-class storage are relatively low, family storage considerations for more capacity/price in the price. 8. health and environment protection: family store, we also take into account the health of our life and in terms of pay more attention to energy saving and environmental protection.　　Third, the family can take to save mode: for home users, we can take the storage mode mainly has following several, beginning with the most common CD storage, CD-r or DVD or Blu-ray disc to store data, followed by the hard disk storage, you can take the mobile hard disk or stored directly in the native format of your hard disk to stockpiles; once again, through a dedicated storage device to keep data, generally this type of storage device that provides multiple hard drive mutual redundancy; of course there are other issues such as network storage and tape storage, network storage base equivalent of their precious data stored in other people's hard drive; tape drive you will need a dedicated tape as storage media, tape storage for our home users, the value of basic not used.　　Although the USB hard drive and CD/DVD rewritable drives, and other low-cost solution for leading consumer digital media backup market, but you can see, the difficulty of digital media management, convenient storage and management practices will promote family accept network storage. You can see the family storage networking prospects really tempting, but one can be broken down to achieve differentiation competitive market.　　From the moment at least, this market can be divided into three categories: one category is the entertainment information storage is usually said of the digital home, including pictures and video data are stored; safety in the home, including environmental monitoring, access control systems and temperature sensing data information store; there is also a home life class, including the kitchen electric equipment of automatic control, lighting, health fitness equipment data storage. As the digital home in the new Member, family storage network devices while also not in ordinary consumers became a place in the mind, but the market has been started, but for some of the future productsMorphology of each technology vendors also have a very clear answer, such as "family storage network entry capacity should be the number".　　Moreover, the entire family storage networking market development in large part, and the "digital home" process bound together, can be said to be prejudicial to the honor of having the market uncertainties remain. Even so, the market has quietly launched an foresees, network storage drive will increasingly become a media library, you can meet the needs of the entire contents of the family. Press view: we used in the PC Internet access with QQ, will consider to also get a mobile QQ in the mobile phone used; we have a wide area network, metropolitan area network, LAN, intranet, now also think of a "home network" ...　　There is such a great concept, the next step in the "fixed" application on the network can be found on the "mobile" network; your map in any "major" features of the Internet, or in the family "small" online find an elaborate system of corresponding. The origin of the family storage networking Don'ts also, though quite a new idea, but we can see the home network storage product family data storage.

【 Weak current College 】 smart home classic top ten features

1. the intelligent lighting control


Intelligent switch directly replace traditional switch to home lights one-on-one on and off, full open and full off as well as the combination of form, use the electricity carrier and bus technology composition system in two ways, control types in remote control, telephone mobile control, PC remote control, Timer control and scene and so on many kinds of control, the use of this system can make your life more taste, energy-saving (dimmable), easy fashion.


2. intelligent electrical control


Electric control for traditional appliances for intelligent control, there is no requirement for electrical equipment, such as household air-conditioning, water heater, water dispenser, TV and electric curtains, device control, you can become a more integrated lighting system of intelligent home system, the control type is divided into remote control, telephone mobile control, PC remote control, Timer control and scene and so on many kinds of control, the use of this system can make your life more taste, energy saving and environmental protection, safe and easy.


3. intelligent protection alert


The main function of a burglar, fire and gas leaks function, you can set the alarm and alarm at home away from home, when away from home alarm, all devices are working, whether indoors or outdoors as long as the occurrence can let hosts local alarm, phone or cell phone alarm, alarm situations at home, the owner can be indoor activities, terminal equipment with direction recognition function, you can distinguish the human body is in or out, to prevent the thief works, when the house fire or gas leak occurs, the host will automatically contact the owner, and through the sensor automatically turns off the gas total valve.


4. intelligent background music


For music enthusiasts, this system is the most appropriate, particularly suitable for modern young man, this system is the biggest advantage is not only able to output the melodious music of the most critical is it to be able to achieve sharing audio sources, and can output the sound source to multiple players, each player can be controlled individually and through the remote control to switch the player different audio sources (such as DVD, FM, computer, etc.); also enables scheduled open functionality, such as when you get up at 8 o'clock in the morning to go to work, it may be timely to wake you with music; it also can be integrated into the lighting control system, can be a scene mode to automatically switch you want to play music.


5. intelligent video sharing


For like watching TV friends, if you have a set of system allows you to toggle through the remote control cable TV signals, satellite TV, DVD, digital phone, that's what matters! this system will be able to meet your specific needs of this kind, and every kind of video signals (also called AV signal) maximum output to 8 TV; also if responsible for the equipment, you can also share a PC host TV, you can make a maximum of four TV while surfing the Internet, too, plus keyboard and mouse can surf through the TV set and play games.


6. lock control


Code, for the majority of users you have selected multiple lock series, specifically into electric Cotter, magnetic locks, electronic locks, lock, hotel locks and remote control lock series, you can implement a variety of places; electro-magnetic lock, latch, electronic locks, mainly with the use of building products for residential, and Office, banks and schools; Hotel locks as long as the site for hotels; and fingerprint locks and remote control lock main bias toward high-end Villa, other parts are also available.


7. video intercom system


Video intercom products relatively mature, ripe for the case everywhere, including large-scale networking intercom system, there is also a separate intercom system, such as Villa, which has a drag-and-one, two, three, and so on; the general implementation of the function is called, the visible, intercom, etc, but is currently ranked by "pizza" Integration Department has many different platform product is unified, and enhance overall system control part of advantage for indoor host can control the lighting and electrical appliances at home.


8. remote control system


This set of system implementation of the principle is the foundation of wiring and broadband combo can realize remote monitoring control, realization of the way through IE or mobile phone for monitoring, for banks, community and other public places in large-scale monitoring series are equipped with DVR, general control of the screen you can save more than one month; there is also relatively simple independent network camera is more suitable for home use, simple installation, you can also save and remote screen for IE and mobile viewing field of the environment.


9. Central vacuum system


This set of system and conventional household cleaners the biggest difference is the most powerful suction, do not have to run around with a host, but there is no noise troubles; this system uses high-powered host seated in the basement or remote areas, to avoid the noise from the host; cleaning of pipes embedded in the wall which effectively reduces the hassle of work.


10. system integration control


Summary: after "code," the joint efforts of the various sectors, in line with the effective improve the product's efficiency ratios, minimize cost, maximize function from a practical perspective for a multifunctional realization as simple and effective control, we let the user only needs to be at the integration product inside can do light control, electrical control, security alarm, background music, video sharing and ELV six functions.



All about the code:
Shanghai code all the intelligent technology co., Ltd is committed to the Villa, apartment, room, intelligent control system, the world's most advanced smart home products and technology solutions-------intelligent home system professionalIntegrators!

【 Weak current College 】 wireless connectivity technology: Digital family core

Digital home each device is available through wireless connection technology to achieve interoperability, and the present existence of household electrical appliances essential differences. Therefore Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, and so can get different data transfer rate and distance of a variety of technology also for furniture in different scenarios.

Digital home concept and prototype of a few years ago by electronic and IT technology pioneers, mainly to refer to a kind of home appliances, PC, mobile devices, sensors and security monitoring equipment consisting of a fully automated network; all terminals are uniform or compatible communications technology to achieve seamless transparent connection. For example, each room can receive a computer's audio and video, and pictures; the whole home environment are wireless network coverage; cameras, mobile phones and other mobile devices can send files to a PC; housing internal wireless sensor network (WSN) according to the environment of density and position adjustment of temperature and lighting, but outside of the sensor is a possible security risk (such as illegal intrusion, etc.) issued a warning. Digital home each device is available through wireless connection technology to achieve interoperability, and the present existence of household electrical appliances essential differences. Therefore Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, and so can get different data transfer rate and distance of a variety of technology also for furniture in different scenarios.

Controversial UWB

UWB (ultra wide band Ultra-Wideband,) is an efficient low power broadband without carrier communication technology, and traditional radio technology significantly differ, the latter through the change of a sine wave power level, frequency or phase, etc.; and the UWB transmission of information without using the carrier, its at a specific point in time generate pulse radio energy and occupy a larger bandwidth for pulse position (Pulse-Position) or temporal modulation (Time-Modulation), so power consumption is significantly reduced. UWB is a non-traditional application collaborative radar (Non-CooperativeRadar) imaging, data acquisition, high precision positioning and target tracking, etc. In everyday applications, due to the States to signal emission level restrictions, UWB positioning in response to Sprint's indoor wireless applications such as wireless display technology and cameras, wireless printing technology, wireless audio transmission, etc. Allegedly in the second half of 2008 will introduce UWB and Bluetooth integration standards for different size data transmission efficiency.

UWB technology has pushed for IEEE802.15.3a personal area networks (PAN, PersonalAreaNetwork) to draft standard, but after several years of time yet to see any progress, the entire process nearly stalled in 2006, the Working Group declared dissolved IEEE802.15.3a. The main reason is that although the transfer means UWB great advantage, but it is difficult to solve. Implemented by UWB data transfer and single-band of traditional narrowband or continuous carrier without too much interference, but research shows that a large number of UWB transceiver will make noise levels increased significantly, to the distribution system a significant burden and affecting its stability, and some test results also show whether the transfer rate, or the transmission distance is much lower than expected. 2006 based on UWB technology Belkin Wireless USBHub tests, transfer rate does not exceed the scope, but also through 6.35Mbps is only a few feet, and then claimed that the distance of 30 feet and a far cry from 480Mbps rate. Broadcom (BroADCom), General Manager of the company's greater China, Yi-liang considers a major dilemma is UWB transmission distance and speed, the second is a antijamming, but lack the support of the network function, several factors lead to this result. You can currently has no other alternative technologies, Wi-Fi in this regard began to be optimistic about. But many analysts believe that Belkin product testing is not a certification test, the test of correctness debatable, test failure can only explain the product Belkin cannot achieve the requirements, not necessarily the technology itself.

Will become home Wi-Fi network standard

Wi-Fi and UWB, ZigBee, Bluetooth, etc. for different PAN technology positioning, mainly for the wireless LAN connection. According to the draft IEEE802.11n Edition, speed of up to 200Mbps, adequate bandwidth can be easier to the Internet browsing and transfer files between your computer and data.

Liang yi think Wi-Fi functionality in the network has been very mature, the transfer rate is relatively satisfactory course 802.11a/b/g only tens of megabytes of bandwidth or obvious enough, will determine the final 802 .11n standard and MIMO will very suitable for such applications; and in the commercial context, its software technology increases the likelihood of value-added services. Currently include Broadcom, manufacturers are trying to bring 802.11n to consumer electronics, one of the difficulties is that its data transfer reliability. In the United States the problem is still not very prominent, because their housing structure mainly wood, so the data transmission is relatively simple, but in China and Asia Pacific with cement and concrete-building is even more difficult, and Broadcom is therefore as a research direction. It cannot be said that the future will become 802.11n home wireless network standards, but it now seems that compared with other technologies, is a leading 802.11n.

In addition to the different environmental transmission performance difference, the power consumption is also a predicament Wi-Fi. And PAN the technology Wi-Fi distance farther, hence the need for higher power consumption; whereas the constant radiation power, Wi-Fi device performance will appear as the distance increases geometrically. ThomasEmblaB NordicSemiconductor product managerOnnerud that limit the Wi-Fi bottleneck is its relatively high power consumption, while battery technology advances, Wi-Fi increasingly used to portable devices such as PDAs and mobile phones, etc. However, Wi-Fi power larger concerns not just on the battery capacity will be able to solve, if you use frequently, the battery may soon run out.

Wibree: Bluetooth substitutes?

Bluetooth (Bluetooth) is one of the important technical PAN, which was officially launched in 1998, its purpose is to serve as a short range communication protocol used to replace the connection of portable and stationary devices, the original data cable transfer rate to 1Mbps or 3Mbps (EDR, i.e. enhanced data rate), the role of the distance around 10m. Mass production of the latest version is version + EDR Bluetooth 2.0 (while 2.1 + EDR nearing commercialization).

2001 Nokia researchers see Bluetooth technology does not cover all the needs of wireless applications, especially for low-power applications, started with name "BluetoothLowEndExtension (Bluetooth low expansion technology)" research and development. The technology is still based on Bluetooth, but lower power consumption and costs. After a series of partner development work, which in 2006 was officially launched, the trade name changed to Wibree and set up the corresponding Union. Wibree technology enables application is no longer restricted to larger batteries (rechargeable or AA), and to extend the scope of the wireless connection, includes medicine, watches, toys, sports goods and thousands of other consumer products. Subsequently, the not-for-profit industry organization BluetoothSIG (Bluetooth technology Alliance) in 2007 will ULP Bluetooth-Wibree is defined as (Ultra-Low-PowerBluetooth).

Wibree products can be realized than Bluetooth smaller and more efficient battery usage. CR2032 is a lot of ultra low-power applications of choice for power, the battery can be used with Wibree product, while Bluetooth devices cannot, because of the battery capacity is limited, approximately only 220mAh, maximum current at 20mA or so. ThomasEmblaBonnerud said, Bluetooth power consumption with the run mode changes, the current Bluetooth 2.0 + EDR device, if the master and slave transmission capacity between all applications, power consumption will rise to about 35mA ~ 45mA; simply synchronized can be dropped to 5mA ~ 10mA; work in static mode, power consumption drops to µA of magnitude. In a data flow-audio applications, such as MP3 players and headphones, rechargeable lithium ion battery discharge time about 10 hours, with a wireless mouse in two AA batteries can use approximately 100 hours.

The emergence of Wibree was not intended to replace Bluetooth, which is an important complement of Bluetooth technology. But the Marketing Director at BluetoothSIG AndersEdlund asked the organization how to understand this technology, for what is Bluetooth-Wibree supplementary or competitors of problems often have some of the discussion, I think these two possibilities exist simultaneously. ThomasEmblaBonnerud believes that Wibree specification is still in draft stage, how long does it take to be approved as a standard in the mass market, on the project often pessimistic attitude. Bluetooth technology uses seven years implementation of mature; but I think that the current market based on Bluetooth, the popularity of the shall Wibree will be faster.

So you can see, although the Wibree creators are avoided and the ambition of Bluetooth competition, but if you can in the same frequency to achieve better interoperability and lower power consumption and costs, users and manufacturers the ultimate Wibree and Bluetooth discard outdated is an inevitable market.

【 Weak current College 】 take you through the home wiring tips 3

VII. infrared forwarding system (optional)


Infrared transmitting system is located in the rooms of the infrared receiver and is located in the living room of the IR emitter. Infrared receiver receives from various audio and video equipment remote control signals into electrical signals to the infrared transmitter, infrared emitter will signal to the same as the original remote control infrared signals, emission control for audio-visual equipment.
Infrared transmitting system wiring is the AV system for supporting projects through which the user can wait in the bedroom or study room on the living room, Department of audiovisual equipment such as DVD player, amplifier, satellite receiver, digital set-top box remote control for comfortable. Thus, by AV distribution system and infrared remote control device to forward system, you can fully enjoy the family information and audio-visual equipment more sharing brings convenience and comfort.


Distribution points: infrared repeater system wiring can not pass information access box, because the individual rooms of the infrared receiver of the signal cable can also join together, and then through a set of signal lines received IR emitter. Room in the infrared receiver to put the point is: and the audio-visual equipment in the room on the same side of the wall; the living room of the IR emitter to install the main points are: installation in the living room of audio-visual equipment on the opposite wall. Because the entire system only gives the transmitter power supply, so you should give it an a power switch, so that you can turn off the system when not in use.

VIII. monitoring alarm system (optional)


Family residential alarm system consists of a family of intelligent microcomputer alarm host and various front-end detector. Front-end probes can be divided into door sensor, magnetic window, gas detectors, smoke detectors, infrared detectors, emergency button, etc. When it was illegal invasion will trigger corresponding detectors, alarm host will immediately alert signal transmitted to the Community Center, or user-specified phone for security personnel to quickly '; at the Community Center of alarm host will record these information is available. Family residential alarm systems to alert the community security, networking is the best but, if the community has such a system, then the family residential alarm system should be installed.


Distribution points: family residential alarm system can be a part of the comprehensive wiring, micro-computer alarm host can be installed in the external walls of information access box. Various front-end detector-line cabling meeting received information access trunk of protection alert section of meter reading signal acquisition module, then from the module access micro-computer alarm host.




9. important notes for cabling


◇ How according to their own needs to arrange their own wiring?
Modern cabling concept basic hindmost "star topology" structure, this is the last "bus topology" instead. Star topology emphasized that each line is independent, that avoid single points of failure resulting in the paralysis of the whole system. The vast majority of home cabling is using advanced star topology cabling, set to converge to the information in the access box, facilitate centralized management, and facilitate extended the jumper, this is the main contents of the home wiring. However, we cannot generalize, and that any wiring is information access box, the summary administration also has several independent wiring system is, as the above mentioned infrared forward system, home theater systems, family background music system does not need to converge to information access box, as Scott Sudoku features and needs of independent wiring.
◇ Strong electric with power to pay attention to? (strong or weak to vertical cross)
Home cabling not only cabling, there are strong electric wiring, the strong electricity include: lighting electrical and power. Strong electric on weak and could not have avoided a electromagnetic impact. Therefore, we want to know the following strong electrical and cabling of considerations:
1, strong electricity to power the alignment you want to avoid the next parallel alignment, weak current pipeline and strong electric line parallel alignment needs 50cm distance, if you do not allow this, the available special shielding wire and metal nozzle instead of PVC pipe.
2, strong electric, power outlet intervals at least 30 cm.
3, strong and weak current alignment cross, at a 90 degree angle crossing.
4, for audio-visual quality requirements more stringent AV systems and home theater wiring it is better to use a metal casing, especially the home theater.

10. Summary


This article describes family excelent arrangements which are required, which is drawn and which are optional. We are in the "meet now, right ahead" principle, in the new house renovation project in financial resources to permit the greatest possible number of select suits their needs several routing system. In addition, this article also highlights the strong power and cabling project, also attracts our attention.

【 Weak current College 】 on (security, weak) intelligent system bidding strategy

As modern enterprises Informationization construction of more and more attention, information and intelligent systems building needs more and more, the project has also done a greater and greater, from the previous one millions of items can also be described as large, and now millions or even tens of projects is also very common, and more for the project developers, integration, are involved in the intelligent construction the industry wanted to fight for this big cake, the nearest several years the author in the bidding with integrators, briefly about this experience, I hope to share with colleagues.
The first step, integrators should find some powerful good price protection supplier. Review product maturity, system solutions, if necessary, it is best to look at the vendor the practical application of existing customers. Recommendations to find some middle and high-end products, the market price is not transparent, good price protection system, so that both can guarantee that the system functions and system stability, and has a flexible price policy, different items you can apply for the supplier to a reasonable price, most high end, the most famous brand product might instead as some high-end products as flexible and, at the well-known brands of the price is relatively transparent, to manufacturers remain empty run space relatively low, so look for products to find some mature brands in the high-end, not necessarily non-find well-known brands in the high-end products more price advantages for integrators who have a greater profit space, ensure the system's best value for money.
The second step, should meet the owners and experts to Exchange written tender documents. This is successful, the most crucial step. Let vendors provide products of technical requirements and performance parameters, according to the owner's actual demand order tender documents, while firms filing good project for a favorable price and let vendors report good the item and the price protection and proposes three competing products recommended brand: first, the vendor's own brand, to find two price or functionality and vendor products have great differences of brand, for example, the price is higher than the supply of or functionality, to find a very strong brand, price than the vendor to much higher; also recommended a feature is not perfect brand, low-end products for integrators-out technology sign more priority. If looking for well-known brands, technology will give priority, but offer will more than their recommended brand, let your opponent's offer for competitors at a disadvantage, if you find a lower-end brand, technology sign may not meet the needs of the owners, make their programmes more prominent, more competitive. After finishing out of the tender documents submitted to the landlord, the landlord may find experts to modify the tender documents, which need to communicate with experts fully functional requirements of the product, verify that the final version of the well in the tender documents.

The third step, carefully prepared a set of competitive bidding program. After the issue of the official tender documents, other competitive bidding integration are looking for suppliers for programmes and offer, let vendors offer protection, fight for their best price, and ultimately business standard prices of the highest priority, so that my one bid. This is also the key to winning is a step in the integrators should more thoughts on the bid, truly have technical superiority and price advantages, full analysis of the tender documents scoring criteria and competitors and supplier relationships, estimation of the competitor's offer, quotation do targeted, their bid and will also be able to take its course. All in all is thought to allow a competitor's bid at a disadvantage, so that my bid optimization, can one child abduction by owners and experts.
In addition, a very critical part of the business key is not in this alone describes, bookstore and more interpersonal related books, there are a lot of seniors experience than me, hope to share with the older Exchange together.
Summary, integrators should be more market-leading vendors to know the major brands of price classes and product features to avoid competitors also use these methods and their competition, General tender documents will have two or three recommended brand, if integration dealers and vendors, may seek to have the advantage of the prices and options; of course it is impossible to entirely integrated supplier can and brand suppliers report, only as many know the mainstream products of the brand, the greater the chance of success. In a Word and work closely with suppliers to bid for a large proportion, sometimes also allows vendors to go and do the work of the relevant owners. Last wishes all project developers and integrators to friends in the intelligent construction industry ludicrous win more profitable and able to play their own advantages of good projects.

【 Weak current College 】 interpretation of smart home new Protocol

Trace this entire broadband device in the past, all associated with the automation. On the WiFi, before the Internet before that time, CEBus and LonWorks X10. On the smart home, those are ever popular too.

But the Internet and related technologies from the 1990s into the new millennium has become the focus of attention. Today, home automation, a whole batch of new technological and industrial innovation is attracting people's attention, especially lighting control.

Therefore, such as WiFi, automation protocol and broadband technology? the former must be low-cost (low enough to support the lighting switches and thermostats) and low-energy (you hope to replace the one you security sensor batteries?). In General, technology will increase at least 5 to 10 dollars in equipment costs.

Today's noteworthy new automation technology "two-way", means that sends and receives commands can be confirmed. For example, a key to the dimmer "open" command until the dimmer to confirm receipt of this instruction, the lights are actually open. Press to display the immediate feedback, that is, through the Green LED to indicate the outside light is open. Former unidirectional Protocol cannot display a set of devices on/tube State of the real information.

The new agreement
In the past two years, emerged in a large number of standard and private technology provider. The new agreement is not only for lighting control and automation products bring a perfect tool, but also gives us insight into the ever since the 1980s X10 inception and then not seen before.

Zigbee and Z-Wave new wireless technology, using grid technology — each port also equipped with a sink and a transmission device, in the most effective manner from one port to another port to spread across the entire device. In your home has more port, this technique will work.

Zigbee is a group for commercial/industrial control technology provider manifest, they have, Invensys, Motorola, MitsubishiandPhilips. This technology is an industry standard, IEEE802.15.4.

Zensys Z-wave is a product of the company in Copenhagen in 1999 as the home automation market, creating a RF special programmes.

At that time these two technologies are almost at the same time-to-market, was smart home Z-Wave cater to the needs of the market, so it is in this area there is a good base. Especially Z-Wave attracted most of the market, such as the famous brand Sylvania, Intermatic, and recent Leviton WqyneDalton.

Zigbee's followers were also in the commercial/industrial areas, but most important, because this technology come together at home business system of the company are: AMX, Crestron and Control4, Vantage.

The above describes the wireless technology, but don't overlook a home use AC power to transfer information back and forth the power line technology. The most formidable is the UPB (universal Powerline bus) from the PCS (power control system) production. PCS is a company in the automation area is known as a lighting control, which led the company from a X10 unknown power line technology development to have two-way communication and have a good credit rating in perfect agreement.

The development of the UPB PCS increased experience, but it is important to note that the noise from the wire. When MD manufacturers are the technology used in products of Central audio system, the wire is connected to the same UPB loud noise.

Several accepted the UPB agreements, mostly of the manufacturers of lighting control. This technology has been in late 2005, HAI Revolution (handy) (mass market in the United States on the most popular security/automation system manufacturer), beginning in its control panel support this technology, but also in the light switch, dimmer and other parts use the UPB.

Finally, Insteon, home control in the field of the new agreement introduced a RF/PLC interactive, home of wireless or wired electrical installations can communicate without the need for a variety of lines and connectors. This technique was invented by the SmartHome, this is a long-term commitment to the production and marketing of intelligent home company.

The receiver of this technology is the first brand, their production FirstAlert smoke detectors using Insteon can interconnect, and compatible with the light switch. A smoke alarm makes the Interior light quickly open, outdoor lights flashing.

This is just in the United States domestic market momentum. Echelon LonWorks based on the invention of PLC technology has been built in the United States in the field of public commercial success and to the consumers in Europe and Asia. The company has recently reduced the technology costs and productivity several new products in the hope of attracting up United States domestic market's attention. And a company Yitran, Israel by LG Electronics emplaced home control technology, hoping to break into the United States market. Finally, the most famous HomePlugConsortium Powerline broadband network scenario, exit at the end of 2005 a PLC programmes — called HomePlugCommand & Control or HPCC — designed for low interest rates and low-cost home control developed.

【 Weak current College 】 home decoration cabling surf

Many consumers buy a new House, to be rebuilding, and spring and autumn as compared to dry, so the most suitable for the decoration of the season. In addition to the primary concern of decoration, home wiring should be carefully considered, particularly for homes with more than two computers, consider your computer network and ordinary household cable arrangements related to the future is easy to use.
Perfect family network planning, easy installation, reduce costs and facilitate new business scale promotion, allowing operators have greater income. And redundancy of the family network, may increase the carrier's business promotion costs, the impact of the decoration scheme for home users, increasing the family invalid communications costs, eliminating weak home users on broadband acceptance of new business.

Home wiring is a clique of engineering. Say, because this kind of project for the network company is too small, generally prefer not to receive such a project, unless it is a project of great community integrated wiring; that is, is because General decoration engineering wire wiring, and is highly specialized and complex project. Unless it is a community in the construction process has been conducted on the wiring layout, otherwise perfect ordinary new house renovation works in the network cabling is resolved by the landlord himself.

Since the phone's interior parallels in long distance attenuation at line quality, if the House is larger, the excessive use of the indoor line, line quality will be affected, especially in the use of telephone line installation of ADSL, ADSL on line request high, the Internet quality would be greatly reduced. And because the line closed in the wall, if you encounter any problems, solve the line up is very troublesome. Therefore, advance planning is very important.

Determine the network wiring design sketches

Network cabling, first of all you should be aware of your own room environment and the use of the various rooms, where you can slot catgut, where not? at the same time to understand the needs of the family network, somewhere where you want to surf the net? to see TV? own heart.

And then, depending on the room of power distribution box, cable inlet and telephone cables, network cables into account location, determine distribution boxes and splitters. General distribution boxes do not easily moved; telephone and network line wiring box should be chosen one neither affect beauty and ease of operation, considering that you want to put on routers and switches, so you should design a large wiring box; cable TV in inlet design one can display two TV splitter box.

Now according to their own ideas to draw sketches, and even then you need to change, the performance of the map is also very clear that in the construction process will not have any effect.

Computer and telephone wiring

In the home wiring in some decoration company and water electrician is not very clear function and a variety of cabling, or also to stay in a few years ago, pure line wiring level. Them in the phone and the network cable, often with a 4-cell or 8-core wire line, so while all the rooms of the phone can call on broadband (ADSL). However, this home can only use one phone number, and the room's telephone-line, the call is not very convenient. At the same time, with the development of the network, the home has 2 ~ 3 PC is also very good, if more than one computer at the same time on the Internet that you cannot meet the cabling.

It is recommended that you use a parallel wiring, and telephone and network cable using 4-and 8-core (5 line) line, for convenience, telephone and network line put in the same root PVC tubes (in theory, the phone line and Internet line spacing should be separate wiring, in order to prevent mutual interference 10cm), considering that home telephone and network at the same time is very short, it will not cause significant interference.

In the routing scenario, if you have more than one computer to the Internet, as long as the total wire Office plus a broadband router, or switch to present a selection of many home routers, the price is around $ 200.

CATV cabling

Cable TV cabling in the home decoration also affect larger, but the majority are used in decoration into line with a second of the dispenser into two separate again after a second, this TV signal after two distributor of attenuation, the TV signal is poor, the image will not clear.

Outside line House, it is recommended that the user according to the number of the rooms, the direct use of a (a three or four) Distributor after access to the room. If the House has two routes, recommended way to directly access the living room, living room TV sharpness will be better; the other one by the distributor receives the room. In short, as the case may require specific treatment, wiring should use better quality double shielded broadband video cable.

Electrical wiring

When it comes to home network cabling, the first thought is laying of cable is standard. Network cable for layout is important, but the layout of the power line to be ignored, because the power supply too stable is to guarantee the stable operation of the computer, network, and therefore also of fundamental is the need for the user.

Construction started

In accordance with the design of the zoning plan, will all need to prepare for the purchase of wire back to categorize the ends of the wire and then affix the corresponding labels (that's you). Afterwards, we will walk in a line of wire, then you'll get some bundles of lines are simple, and follow your plan they are arranged. As regards the integrated distribution management system placed at home where, according to the actual situation to resettlement, housed in the library can also be, or hidden in the corner of the living room. Here tend to remind everyone that the wiring time inevitably on the wall and ground punch cutting groove, but for the safety of you and others, this work best in accordance with the provisions of the property sector. Note that the phone cord outlet in the bathroom must be near the toilet, or meaningless (toilet on the telephone is not to resolveI feel that when not to hurry to go out on the phone!).

Thread former be sure to check the status of wire connectivity, dressed in only to find no is in trouble. In addition it is also important to note that all connectors are the best in the final production, many special connectors before the thread can only make a header, if both do not wear out. Like computer network lines, and other professional wire connectors, it is best to ask professionals for help.

If your tile surface is, the best route to the embedded line pipe. Line pipe role not only to protect the wire, it also has convenient features change line. Therefore, the embedded line pipe in the middle of the first cannot have a right to die-bending, to solve problems, make wire bend can be easily worked out in the on-line tube. Second line pipe best plastic coil (a half-hard, translucent, formal construction commonly used) so that the line tube no connector, this thread without card line. If you must have a connector in the Middle, nor to use the size of the head, and you want to dock orientation. Then there is the line pipe during construction, do not worry for threading, but first into the lead wire, wait until the last installed electrical on again when the corresponding wires.

Upon completion of the renovation works, you can make a variety of devices. We need to prepare tools in addition to a pair of pliers to have installed gaizhui telephone Crystal head professional pliers, install network cable Crystal head professional pliers. In each room to install a telephone and is set on the switch.