【 Weak current college 】 building automatic control system design BA

1.1 overview

Building automation system for the entire electromechanical equipment for all public buildings, including the building of the central air-conditioning system, water supply and drainage systems, supply and distribution system, lighting system, elevator systems, for centralized monitoring and remote control to raise the level of construction management, reduce equipment failure rates, reduce maintenance and operating costs.

Design of the building automation system for the main purpose of the construction of the information in a variety of electromechanical equipment for analysis, classification, and treatment, judgement, using optimal control means that the system equipment for centralized monitoring and management, so that each subsystem equipment is always in an orderly, coherent and efficient, orderly running of the State, in creating an efficient, comfortable and safe working environment, reduce the system cost savings in energy consumption as much as possible and day-to-day management of the various costs, ensure the system is fully operational, thus enhancing the intelligent building of the high level of modern management and service, so that the investment to get a good return. Building and mechanical control system, as a smart building automation systems are very important part of the bears to the whole building mechanical and electrical equipment for centralized testing and control to ensure the normal operation of all equipment, and achieve optimal state.

The construction of a building is ready to become a modern intelligent office building, therefore need to adopt a set of advanced optimization building automatic control system to improve the building's internal electrical and mechanical equipment operating efficiency, reduce energy consumption in the hotel, and electromechanical equipment, automated management reduce the labor intensity of operation.

This scenario building automatic control system designed to meet the owner's request, using the most advanced technologies and systems, providing maximum price-performance ratio, optimized for devices running programmes and management to achieve distributed (i.e., centrally managed, distributed control) management control mode to run a device that provides high efficiency of buildings and equipment management.

According to the building, building automatic control system for technical requirements, we recommend the use of United States Ayton technology companies (AlertonTechnologies) company launched BACTalk comprehensive building management system. The system is the world's most advanced and efficient, integrated BMS system, the system can be according to the needs of building control system, fire alarm system and security automation system integrated on one platform, and applies to the building's architectural features and advanced control and management requirements, including the selection of the most advanced BACnet technology field controller, as well as with other vendor system and OA system of open interfaces.

The programme building automatic control system of monitoring and system objectives include the following parts:

Air conditioning and ventilation control system

Boiler and heat exchanger system

Central refrigeration control systems

Water supply and sewerage system

Lighting and power systems/supply and distribution system

Elevator monitoring system

1.2 system design principles

In the building automation system design we follow the following principles:

Reliability: the use of distributed control system, the task is assigned to each field in the system, from processor system within a device damage affecting the entire system running.

Scalability and flexibility: the system is scalable for future expansion of the network service area. The system can in future be inserted anywhere on site controllers and operator Terminal without affecting the operation of this system.

Utility and convenience: the system can accommodate the building to the different needs of the mechanical and electrical systems. And comprehensive information on various system, displayed on the operator terminal for easy management.

Openness: the system uses the open structure, in the sub-station and on-site child between open international standard BACnet protocol.

Economics: field processors in the system sufficient to meet the rapid development of future technology, this stage of the investment can be fully used and protected.

1.3 system designed

This system is designed to power systems engineering and that the tender documents and photographs of paper-based, with reference to the Chinese national standards and the world's first automatic industry standards (BACnet). Intelligent building design by BAS system are as follows:

United States ANSI/ASHRAE-135-2000--the BACnet Standard

European CENTechnicalCommittee247---BACnet Standard

Civil construction electricity design specification (JGJ/T16-92)

Civil construction electricity design specification (JGJ/T16-92) provisions description

Regulation of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (GBJ19/87)

Automatic fire alarm system design specifications (GBJ116/88)

Civil construction lighting design standards (GBJ133-90)

Civil construction lighting design standards (GBJ133-90) provisions description

Industrial and civil power supply design specification (GBJ52-83)

Low voltage distribution equipment and wiring design specification (GBJ54-83)

Architectural design fire protection standard (GBJ16-87)

Senior civil building design fire protection standard (GBJ45-82)

Garage design fire protection standard (GBJ67-84)

Building mine design specification (GBJ50057-94)

Intelligent building design standards (Shanghai DBJ08-4-95)

Bus LAN standards (IEEE802.3)

Ring LAN standards (IEEE802.5)

1.4 design description

1.4.1 product selection and vendor profile

According to the intelligent building of the basic requirements and specifications, as well as building automation system development direction and BAS of the design principles and basis, we use the United States Elton (Alerton) all layers communication protocols are developed based on the BACnet Standard BACtalk series of products.

United States Elton (Alerton) HVAC company is production of direct digital control system is a professional manufacturer of the pilot. Ayton companies of the world's advanced level of the building automation system, so that the owners and property managers can pass the simple Windows interface all device monitoring and management and operation, and energy management and project accounting function, tenants meet from office buildings, universities, hotels, exhibition halls, factories, Museum and military installations, and so any size building equipment control and management requirements.

Ayton company headquartered in Seattle, United States, and the famous Boeing and Microsoft and other high-tech company headquarters. Global current projects more than 5000.

United States Elton (Alerton), developed by BACtalk system structure extremely simple, it consists of two layers: Windows95 and WindowsNT workstation, network controllers and field controller. BACtalk use building automation network standard distribution types, high speed network Ethernet or ARCNET as workstation and pillars between the network controller. BACtalkLsi is Ethernet network controller, or MS/TP ARCNET and (EIA-485) field controller network routing, and at the same time, it is also a global controller, you can complete the timing, holidays, alarm, records, and other various device control functionality.

Ayton company BACtalk system developed a different configuration of the complete site DDC controller series VLC (VisualLogicController). Users can choose according to the specific purpose of the controller. From the terminal controller VAV to fan-coil units, heat pumps, ventilators, air conditioners and other General Directors, all with building automation network communication devices; due to the use of EEPROM, VLC controller does not require standing battery; the central device VLC controller also available hardware clock options in a hazardous area provides a stand-alone operation capability. Regardless of what VLC can ensure fast, accurate, flexible, and reliable running. VLC uses the industry standard input, you can use various types of sensor and signal transmitter.

1.4.2BACtalk system features

(1) full compliance with the BACnet protocol

From central station, network controllers, routers to DDC controllers, are in line with the United States ANSI/ASHRAE standard 135-1995 of the relevant provisions. From the application layer, network layer, data link layer to the physical layer uses the BACnet protocol technology.

(2) simple two-tier structure

The BACnet protocol provides five local technology use Ethernet and MS/TP, upper (supervision and management layer) use Ethernet network, the downlevel (real-time control layer) using MS/TP network. Upper and lower layer through a router or network controller. Network controller and router direct mount on Ethernet, and computer workstations with. Network controller and the router through the MS/TP bus network connecting all DDC controllers. Therefore, the elite just computer and network controller and router, while the lower deck is DDC controller.

(3) high speed network communication

Network controller and router direct mount on an Ethernet network, the communication speed up to 10MB above. VLC controller mount in MS/TP network, the communication speed can reach 76.8Kbps, fully meet the building equipment to the needs of real-time control.

(4) 3D animated graphics interface

Both man and machine monitoring interface or VLC programming interface that are three-dimensional. Dynamic graphics in real time to reflect on the operation of the device, make the operation more intuitive and simple. 3D graphics software, AUTOCAD or scan input Gets and added to the system graphics library.

(5) common operating system platforms

BACtalk system is in Windows95/98, WindowsMe or WindowsNT running under the operating system platform, easy to be familiar and master.

(6) a variety of means of communication

Network controller and routers can support a variety of different communication types: Ethernet (ETHERNET), ARCNET, PTP, MS/TP

(7) extended convenience

Because the network controller and the router directly linked in an Ethernet network, thus extending is easy, there is no limit to the number of essentially. Data processing capability solely depends on your computer's hardware configuration.

MS/TP network network repeaters extend distance and coverage, to increase the VLC (DDC) monitor for the newly added device becomes flexible, and easy.

(8) the Visual logic programming

Alerton company BACtalk system has developed a powerful, easy to use graphical programming tools-VisualLogic, programming software with a friendly man-machine interface, easy operation. It includes a set of functional blocks, and model databases, each feature has a three-dimensional graphical representation, through the organic connection, you can provide a very clear control processes to achieve the required any control sequences. Dynamic graphic display capabilities. System all color graphics are dynamically connected on a related point, if the connected systems or components or the operator's signal is changed, theyAlso change. And you can immediately programming information to facilitate future archiving. Therefore any technician took over, all in a short time to master the entire control principles and procedures.

Use VISIO as a drawing tool. In Windows environments, VisualLogic programming graphics and dynamic running graphics BACtalk simultaneously displayed on the screen, so you can immediately see a dynamic graphic revised control effect. This real-time synchronization of the programming language for engineers and technicians provides unprecedented convenience and reduces repeated query complex procedures.

(9) high quality, high reliability

BACtalk system is a "full master" system, all the directors are independent and able to peer communications (PeertoPeer), the controller is in the same position. With the independent control functions, making the child stands in a central system to stop working or a controller failure, another sub-station works can also communicate with each other, thereby ensuring the control of continuity and reliability. In addition, the system at all levels of the device over the network communication in the same moment of the composition of the different levels of the distributed control system or a different structure Organization Forms, thereby maximizing the system's reliability and flexibility.

Data trends record by BACtalk system auto-completion, the system can reduce network congestion.

(10) flexible settings

BACtalk series products for the control unit dedicated module, with separate network address and communication capabilities without and field corresponding BACnet products, you can hang anywhere across the network, depending on the need to have the flexibility to match child station, not only can save system setup pipeline and artificial, setup fees, and you can save installation time, and make maintenance more convenient that reflects the excellent distribution performance.

(11) simple installation, easy maintenance

BACtalk controller and its modules from terminal base plate and insert-electronic modules, can be directly installed in the chassis. On-site equipment wiring access base plate, the base plate can first installation, wiring and check, and then in the system to open and running when the connection to electronic parts. Electronics unit can withstand the impact of mobile terminal, you can quickly and safely remove the maintenance.

(12) outstanding energy saving effect

This system has a wide range of energy-saving measures, such as air conditioning system operation based on a predetermined schedule that the refrigeration system real-time control under cold water chiller start number, significant savings in energy, water and heat in order to gain economic benefits.

(13) improving labor productivity and management level

Implements the device automatically monitoring and management, greatly improving labor productivity, enables owners to reduce part of project personnel and management staff, saving personnel expenses. System of integrated management enables devices to run at optimal combination, you can save energy, but also significantly reduces wear and tear, reduces maintenance costs.

(14) BACtalk system security

BACnet system security key West rib from some person intentionally or inadvertently changed configuration parameters or control parameters. Problems often due to an error in the computer, is beyond the scope of safety account. Therefore, an important security measures in place are people-machine interface, human-machine interface disdains communications protocol, so manufacturers can freely in the interface Department set up password protection, track record, or other control measures.

1.4.3BACtalk system

(1) BACtalk Central operator station

Localization of the human-machine monitoring interface. Graphics programming, schedule control, trend logs and other automatic control function settings tool. Ayton BACtalkforWindows operation Terminal software is a true based on the Windows of the building automatic control system operation software, through a BACtalk, personal computer, you can monitor and control the entire system. BACtalk via Ethernet or serial port or modem PTP and BACnet field equipment and other manufacturers of BACnet compatible devices to communicate.

BACtalkforWindows using easy-to-use graphical interface, it can and other application software running at the same time. When the alarm time, regardless of screen window on the activities of other running programs, alarm display always appears on top.

Full support of BACnet functionality BACtalk: including BACnet defined schedules, graphics or text format by trend logging, energy, energy constraints, alarm recording, dynamic data exchange and the tenants and the operator of the active record. User-level settings protect systems from unauthorized access.

(2) network integrated controller and router

Implementation of global strategies, through VLC controller coordinated devices run, manage the implementation of the automatic control function, passing the network information.

(3) onsite digital controller

Online fully programmable controller, MS/TP network DDC parameter value changes and events (such as alarm). Floating-point operations and the analog output makes them powerful and flexible application.

(4) sensor and actuator

On-site operation unit (such as Microset) and actuator (e.g. air, water valve) is the controller of the annex (and ears), sometimes also have on-site service mode settings and modify the functionality of the VLC controller parameters.

(5) private system gateway

For do not comply with the BACnet protocol, dedicated system, equipped with corresponding BACtalk gateway interface products (such as BtPModBus) which provide the gateway to the private network data format "translation" into BACnet compatible devicesUnrecognized format, which integrates their products to BACtalk system.

1.4.4 system function design

By BACtalk building control system on the building's mechanical and electrical systems achieve intelligent monitoring:

Refrigeration system monitoring

Air conditioning unit for monitoring

Air supply unit monitoring

Blower system monitoring

Monitoring of the supply and distribution system

Lighting system for monitoring

Monitoring of water supply and sewerage system

This system is characterized by:

1, security----guarantee the safe operation of the equipment, improve equipment utilization.

A, real-time screening equipment load conditions.

B, monitor running status and automatic switching.

C, automatically record run time.

D, automatic start and stop the program execution order.

2, comfort----to provide good air environment and lighting.

A seasonal changes, according to the air-conditioning and ventilation systems.

B, based on a predetermined program on the public area and environmental lighting control.

3. energy efficiency--effectively reduce energy consumption, lower management costs.

A, set the power saver software, regulating and operating conditions.

B, analysis of historical data, run Optimization combo.

4, efficiency-enhancing equipment operating efficiency, reduce the number of managers.

A, monitoring, diagnostic, records automatically, conducive to the maintenance and upkeep.

B, integrated management, reduce maintenance personnel work intensity.

According to the above description, for each subsystem features are as follows:

Chiller system altogether four units from the central station monitoring the following points:

(1) refrigeration system

Monitoring parameters:

-Monitoring the freezing water temperature total backwater back to water flow and total.

-Monitoring of frozen water pressure difference.

-Monitoring of total return water temperature of cooling water.

-Monitoring of cooling tower water temperature. Expansion tank, fill the water tank is high, the low level alarm.

-The monitoring of the refrigeration unit, frozen water pumps, cooling fan and cooling water pump operation and records the total running time.

-The monitoring of water status in refrigerating units.

---Conditioning frozen water by-pass valve to open degree, monitoring of frozen water, cooling water electric butterfly valve, electric butterfly valve switches the cooling tower.

---Refrigerating unit, frozen water pumps, cooling fan and cooling water pump start-up and shut-down control.

-The control of refrigeration unit, cooling and freezing water electric valve switch.

-In order to achieve the cooling tower-water-balance and energy savings, control tower electric valve switch.

Control programme:

A. freezing water pressure difference control

---Total with chilled water for water pressure difference, adjust the frozen water by-pass valve valve to guarantee the end flow control cannot operate under normal conditions.

---In refrigerating station system stops running, the bypass valve door full off.

B. cooling water temperature control:

-Cooling tower to water supply temperature to control their own fans, in addition to maintaining water temperature and energy-saving purposes.

---Used total return water temperature of cooling water, control valve switches, cooling tower of the spy at freezer can receive the normal temperature range.

C. freezer group control:

---Chilled water pumps, chiller group frozen water electric valve, chiller group chain.

---Refrigerating station system according to the time commitment, based on seasonal outdoor temperature.

---Start order for refrigerating units: cooling electric valve, cooling fan, freezer unit cooling water electric valve, cooling water pumps, chiller group frozen water electric valve, frozen water pumps, refrigeration unit. Stop sequence in reverse order with the startup programs and actions.

---Total by frozen water for water temperature and the actual return flow, calculation of cooling load, decided to refrigeration unit number, should be run and automatic start and stop refrigeration unit to meet the needs of the cooling load.

---Such as running water pumps, refrigeration or cooling fan failure, the standby group automatically inputs.

Central station features:

---With dynamic color graphics displays all the parameters of the refrigeration system, enabling the operator to know the entire refrigeration systems, and may make parameter analysis, record and print a warning signal.

(2) air conditioning unit

The system sets the 11 air conditioning unit

Monitoring parameters:

-Monitoring the return air temperature, outdoor temperature, outdoor humidity.

---Measurement by wind pressure differential switch sides pressure blower, monitor fan running, an exception is the alarm and record fan total running time.

-Monitoring of fan fault alarm, frost action alert.

---Measurement by wind pressure differential switching pressure differential on both sides of the air filter, pressure differential over time alarm setting value for maintenance work as soon as possible.

---Fan and stopping control.

---Conditioning cold water valve to open degree.

Control programme:

---Air-conditioner, cold water valve interlocks.

---Air-conditioner can be time (time period) and stopping.

---Based on seasonal outdoor temperature.

---Air-conditioner boot sequence to start the fan, fan operation, adjustment recognized cold water valve control return air temperature.

---Air conditioners stop order: close cold water valve to stop the fan.

Central station features:

---With dynamic color graphics displays all the parameters of the air conditioning unit, so that operators can clear the entire air-conditioning units, and can make parameter analysis, record and print a warning signal.

(3) air supply unit

System settings eight air supply unit

Monitoring parameters:

-The monitoring of the supply air temperature.

---Measurement by wind pressure differential switch sides pressure blower, monitor fan running, an exception is the alarm and record fan total running time.

-Monitoring of fan fault alarm, frost action alert.

---Measurement by wind pressure differential switching pressure differential on both sides of the air filter, pressure differential over time alarm setting value for maintenance work as soon as possible.

---Fan and stopping control.

---Conditioning cold water valve to open degree.

---Control fresh air valve switch.

Control programme:

---New fan, fresh air valve, cold water valve interlocks.

---New fan over time (time period) and stopping.

New fan start order: open for fresh air valves, fan started adjusting fan running, confirmed in cold water valve control air temperature.

New fan stop order: close cold water valve, stop valve, close the fresh air blower. When the air temperature is too low, immediately stop, low temperature alarm of fan.

Central station features:

---With dynamic color graphics displays all the parameters of the air conditioning unit, so that operators can clear the entire fresh air handling units, and can make parameter analysis, record and print a warning signal.

(4) blower system

Monitoring function:

-Monitoring the fan running status and fault alarm, and record the total running time.

---Control blower stops.

Control programme:

---Press pre-scheduled time program or with other devices such as air conditioning unit interlocking movement and stopping fan.

Central station features:

---With dynamic color graphics displays various fan parameter and can be modified according to actual needs.

(5) power supply system

System Setup 2nd road into line

Monitoring parameters:

---High pressure monitoring all incoming cabinet into line switch status, contact the Cabinet liaison bus switch status.

-Monitoring of transformer operating temperature signal.

---Monitor high-and low-voltage distribution Cabinet current, voltage, power factor, active power, power and frequency.

-Monitoring of generator current, voltage, power factor, active power, power and frequency, the fault and the running state.

Control programme:

---Press monitoring electricity consumption parameters to change the preset level of priority for the start-up and shut-down device charged.

Central station features:

---With dynamic color graphics displays the parameters for the convenience of the operator parameters analysis, and automatically record and print a warning.

(6) lighting system

Monitoring parameters:

-Monitoring the main switchboard circuit switch lighting.

-Control switchboard circuit switching, and record the switch time.

---By time period control outdoor, Office building in common area lighting.

---By time period control outdoor floodlight, and King.

Control programme:

---Press pre-scheduled time program automatically switches the switchboard circuit, achieve energy saving effect.

Central station features:

---With dynamic color graphics displays the parameters for the convenience of the operator parameters analysis, and automatically record and print a warning.

-If the user needs to extend its opening hours, the operator can take simple modify schedule and automatically record switch time, convenient charging user fees for extra energy.

(7) water supply and sewerage system

Monitoring parameters:

-Monitoring of living water pumps, sewage pumps operating status and fault alarm, and record the total running time.

-The control of living water pump, submersible pump stops.

Control programme:

---High or low water level in the tank under State control life pump start-up and shut-down, maintain the normal level of the water tank.

---High or low water levels based on sewage pool status automatically control the pump dive pump start-up and shut-down, maintain water levels in normal water level.

---High or low water levels based on sewage pool status auto control of sewage pump start-up and shut-down, maintain water levels in normal water level.

---When working pump run more than once to set the normal time, the water level is not yet back to normal, automatic standby pumps, speeding up bottled water or drainage.

---When you run the pump fails, the standby pumps automatically put to use immediately.

Central station features:

---With dynamic color graphics displays all water system parameters and automatically record and print a warning.