【 Weak current College 】 civil and hydropower full calculation rules (2)

十五、框架结构填充墙工程量计算规则
框架间砌体，以框架梁柱间的净空面积乘以厚度计算。 框架外表镶贴砖部分，应并入框架间砌体工程量内计算
十六、空花墙、空斗墙工程量计算规则
空花墙按外形尺寸以m3计算，空花部分不扣除，空花墙外有实砌墙，其中的实砌部分以m3另行计算。 空斗墙按外形尺寸以m3计算。 空斗部分不扣除
十七、砖砌围墙工程量计算规则
砖砌围墙以设计图示长度乘以高度以立方米计算;围墙高度为设计室外地坪至砖顶面。 砖顶面为如有砖压顶者，算至压顶顶面；如无压顶者，算至围墙顶面；如为混凝土压顶则算至压顶底面。
十八、多孔砖墙、空心砖墙工程量计算规则
按图示厚度以m3计算，不扣除其孔、空心部分的体积。
十九、砌块砌体工程量计算规则
加气砼墙、硅酸盐砌块墙、小型空心砌块墙等，按图示尺寸以m3计算，砌块本身空心部分体积不予扣除。 按设计规定需要镶嵌砖砌体部分，已包含在定额内，不另计算。
二十、垃圾道、烟道、通风道、附墙烟囱等工程量计算规则
按外形体积计算，并入所依附的墙体体积内。 不扣除每一孔洞横截面在0.1m2以下的体积，但孔洞内抹灰的工程量也不增加
二十一、砖柱工程量计算规则
按实砌体积以m3计算，柱基础套用相应基础项目。
22. other masonry engineering calculation rules
(1), brick-level (excluding the ladder tape) by horizontal projection area in m2.
(2), brick gate squatting, House chimney, and lung walls, sink, sink foot, dustbin, step surface low wall, flower terraces, coal boxes, bins, volume 3 cubic meters of water tank, toilet tank including step, terrace bar, press the volume real masonry to m3, form small masonry project.
(3), of the trench: brick trench Department regardless of the wall and constructed, it should be merged to cubic meters in volume.
(Zhou Feng shenshi feeds)

23, reinforced engineering calculation steps
(1), determine the concrete strength grade components and earthquake resistance levels; (2), to determine the thickness of the reinforced protection; (3), calculation of reinforced anchorage length La, seismic anchorage length Lae, reinforced by lap length Ll, Lle seismic lap length; (4), calculation of steel bar cutting length and weight (5), according to the different diameter and steel grades for cast members individually rolled steel weight (6), calculation, or reference standard Atlas precast reinforced weight determined; (7), according to the different diameter and steel grade precast reinforced weight respectively summary
24, reinforced engineering basic calculation rules and formulas
(1), calculation rules: reinforced engineering should distinguish between different categories, steel and rebar diameter respectively to tonnes (t) computes the weight.
(2), the calculation formula: reinforced engineering capacity = steel cutting length (m) × corresponding reinforced each meter weight (kg/m)
Type: steel cutting length (m) = widget icon size-concrete cover + reinforced hooks increase length + bending rebar bending part increases measured difference in length-(rebar bending adjustment value) + figure has already been indicated lap length
(3), the calculation of the amount of reinforced engineering, design has provided reinforced lap length of lap length as required; natural connector loss and cutting losses have been included in the rate of steel, shall not be counted. Reinforcement of electroslag welding, such as connector sleeve extrusion, the calculation of "a".
25, beam reinforced calculation rules and formulas
1. single-span beam reinforced formula: straight steel net length = L-2C; bending of reinforced net length = L-2C + 2 × 0.414 (0.268 or 0.577) × bending height; bending steel net vertical hook ends long = L-2C + 2 × 0.414 (0.268 or 0.577) × bending height + 2 × (beam high-thickness × 2);
2 cross-beams reinforced formula
(1), the calculation of the first cross-bar: upper connecting bar length = pass across the net span + ofthree bearing anchoring values
End bearings shoulder muscle length = length + end design bearing anchoring values; the lower part of the reinforced length = NET span + left and right bracket anchorage value
(2), the calculation of intermediate cross-bar: intermediate bearings shoulder muscle length = length across both sides of the design; intermediate bearings + (3), Stirrup: Stirrup length = (beam width-2 × protective layer + 2d) × 2 + (beam high-2 × protective layer + 2d) × 2 + 14d or 24d
Stirrup number = (beam net long-100MM)/design pitch + 1, encrypted zones excluded.
(4), lumbar muscle, tendon, muscle should be calculated according to structural requirements.
26, cast steel's calculation methods and formulas
Cast steel: mechanical reinforcement (one-way or two-way, single or double layer), bearing negative reinforcement, distribution rib, additional reinforced (corner additional Radiology ribs, entrance to additional reinforced), pillared foot bar (double reinforced upper and lower layer when support).
(1), the loading bar length = the axis dimensions + left anchor + right anchor + ends curved hook (Ⅰ-gluten); number = (Board net long-100MM)/cloth reinforcement spacing + 1
(2), negative reinforcement length = negative reinforcement length + left bend + right bend; negative reinforcement elements = (fabric reinforced range-deduction value)/cloth reinforcement spacing + 1
(3), distribution rib length = negative reinforcement placement range length-negative reinforcement deduction value: negative reinforcement distribution rib elements = negative reinforcement of length/distribution rib pitch + 1
(4), additional reinforced (corner additional Radiology ribs, entrance to additional reinforced), supporting reinforced (double reinforced upper and lower layer when support)
Direct calculation according to the actual situation of length, number. 27, reinforced concrete column and steelReinforcement method of calculation and formula
(A), the base layer: column main insert reinforcement base slab reinforced = thickness-protective layer + into the top bar length + design construct request length
(2), middle layer: column longitudinal reinforcement = layer high-current layer out of the ground height + level reached the height of the floor
(3), the top: top KZ because of its location, is divided into the corner columns, side column and the column, thus various column longitudinal reinforcement of top level anchorage shall be calculated according to the specification for the design of its length. Front longitudinal reinforcement length = layer height Hn + top anchoring values.
(4), the column of Stirrups:, KZ middle tier of the Stirrup number = n encrypted zone/encrypted zone spacing + N + non-encrypted zone/non-encrypted zone spacing-1
28, concrete layer quantity calculation rules and formulas:
1, Bar Foundation concrete layer calculation formula
Exterior wall footing concrete cushion size = external Bar Foundation concrete cushion of center line length × concrete cushion of cross-sectional area
Interior wall footing concrete cushion size = Interior Bar Foundation concrete layer net long line length × concrete cushion of cross-sectional area
2. complete board basis, independent of the size of the underlying cushion
Bedding size = cushion area × layer thickness
29, concrete foundation engineering calculation rules and formulas
1, Bar Foundation engineering calculation and formula
Exterior wall bar based engineering capacity = external Bar Foundation Center line length × bar based cross-sectional area
Interior of beam Bar Foundation/Interior Bar Foundation net long line length × bar based cross-sectional area
Note: the calculation of the net long lines should be concrete strip Foundation by vertical and bevel tiered net long-term calculations
2. full foundation engineering calculation and formula
Down the basic quantities = full base area × full vertical sections of the base plate thickness + upper bevel volume
3, independent Foundation (concrete independent base and column in the surface on the basis of the dividing line)
(1) rectangular base: V = length × width × height
(2) stepped Foundation: V = ∑ all order (l × w × h)
(3) cutting head square Taper Foundation: V = V1 + V2 = 1/6h1× [A×B + (A + a) (B + b) + a×b] + A×B×h2
Where V1-basic upper bevel volume, V2-based lower rectangular volume, h1-bevel height, A, B-bevel bottom aspect, ab-bevel top edge width, h2-basic height bottom rectangular
30, concrete column quantity calculation rules and formulas
⑴, calculation of quantity structure column
① construct column size = structure column volume + horse teeth poor volume = H× (A×B 0.03 × b×n)
Type: H-the height of A structure column, the B-pillar section aspect b-pillar and the brick wall bit difference 1/2 width n-horse teeth poor number of edges
⑶, frame columns
① cast concrete columns by design diagram size for volume calculations. Without deduction of widget embedded in steel, iron the volume.
Frame column size = frame columns section * frame columns columns high
Which column height:
A a girder-column since columns should be high, the surface (or floor surfaces) to the previous layer floor between the height calculation. As Figure 1
B-slab-column, column base should be from the upper surface (or floor surfaces) to pillar Cap between the height calculation. As Figure 2
C frame columns of columns, from column to column based on the surface of the roof height calculation. As Figure 3
D design of precast concrete columns according to volume calculation shown dimensions, not within the deduction of the widget embedded reinforcing steel, die-share volume, dependent on the pillar of Corbels, into the appropriate column body product. As Figure 4
31, reinforced concrete beam engineering rules
1. the general formula of beam = beam cross section area * beam length dimensions according to design diagram to volume calculations. Without deduction of widget embedded in steel, iron the volume, in-wall beam head, in the beam pad into the beam size.
2. Dr long method
Beam and beam-column connection to long considered the main beam side columns, and secondary beams, beams long count to the side of the main beam. As Figure 5
3. Geosphere beam engineering
Exterior wall and ring beam engineering capacity = external to ring beam centerline length × Geosphere beam cross section area
Interior wall Geosphere beam engineering beam = Interior Geosphere beam net long term length × Geosphere beam cross section area
3, the volume of basic beam
Calculation method: Foundation beam size = beam net length × beam height