【 Weak current College 】 overall room construction plan

A, room design overview
Data center infrastructure building, and very important aspect is the construction of the computer room. Computer room project not only architectural, electrical, installation, network, and many other professional and technical integration, more rich experience in project implementation and management. Computer room design and construction of a direct relationship to the engine room computer system is stable and reliable operation, is guaranteed to all kinds of information communication through.
Because computer room environment must meet the computer and other computer and electronic equipment and staff on temperature, humidity, cleanliness, electric field strength, noise interference, safety, security, leakproof, power quality, vibration, lightning protection and grounding, etc. Therefore, a qualified modern computer room, it should be a safe and reliable, comfortable and practical, energy saving high efficiency and scalability of the engine room.
Computer room projects usually include interior decoration works, supply and distribution project, engine room supervisory system, KVM system, air conditioning, lightning, fire control systems engineering of the seven major sections. Needs based on national standards and industry-standard design and construction.
Room stereo sketch map

Room engineering design principles

Data room is the entire building's infrastructure, data room design must meet current requirements and future-oriented applications, fast-growing development requirements and must therefore be a high-quality, highly reliable, flexible and open. We at design time, follow the following design principles:
Usability and advanced: Advanced mature technology and equipment to meet current needs, combining the future business needs, as far as possible using the most advanced technology, equipment and materials to meet the needs of high-speed data transfer, so that the whole system over a period of conservation technology advancement, and has a good potential for development, to accommodate future development of information industry, business and technology upgrade.
Security and reliability: in order to ensure the business application, the network must have a high reliability, and must not be a single point of failure. Data center room layout, structure, design, equipment selection and maintenance, and other aspects of high-reliability design and construction. In the key of the equipment in a hardware backup, redundancy and reliability technology, the use of relevant software technology with strong management, control and accident control and security, and other technical measures to improve the security and reliability of the computer room.
Flexibility and scalability: data room must have good flexibility and scalability to future business continuously development needs, and expand the device capacity and improve the quantity and quality of the user. With support for multiple network transports, multiple physical interfaces, provide technical upgrade, device update flexibility.
Standardization: the data center room design, system architecture, based on international standards and national standards promulgated, including building, room design standards, power electric security standard and the standard computer LAN, Wan, adhere to the principle of unified norms, thus contributing to the future business development, equipment capacity.
Economy/investment protection: a high performance price ratio, building data machine room of outputs than the maximum value. At a lower cost, less personnel to maintain system operation, provides high performance and high efficiency. As far as possible preserve and extend the existing system of investment, and make full use of the funds and technical inputs.
Manageability: because data machine room, has a certain complexity, with the continuous development of business, management of tasks will become increasingly heavy. So the design of the engine room, the need to establish a comprehensive, sophisticated room management and monitoring system. The device should have intelligent, managed functions, while the use of advanced management and monitoring system equipment and software, implementation of advanced centralized management and monitoring, real-time monitoring, monitoring the health of the computer room, real-time lighting, voice alarm, real-time event record so you can quickly identify faults, improving performance, reliability, simplified maintenance of room management personnel to work for the Central engine room safe and reliable operation of the most powerful protection.
Second, room decoration
1. room decoration design ideas
Rooms are of various types of information data processing centre. Due to the system information data of importance and sensitivity, timeliness, engine placement of computer equipment, telecommunications equipment, network equipment and auxiliary system equipment not only because of the high-tech products and need a very strict operating environment and, more importantly, only a computer system reliably, can guarantee uninterrupted communication network hub. And reliable operation of the computer system to rely on computer room of stringent environmental conditions (temperature and humidity machine room, cleanliness, and control the precision) and working conditions (anti-static, shielding, fire resistance, etc.).
In the Interior part of the design principles are: to reflect as important information convergence characteristics of indoor decoration; taking full account of the computer system, phone, air conditioning, UPS, and other equipment of the security, reliability, advanced, achieve the noble, generous, simple style; the room interior decorating basic style to simple, elegant, soft; selection of upholstery materials, mainly as a natural material, and take full account of environmental factors.

Room sketch
Principle 2-room decoration
Computer room Interior selects hermetically, not dust, easy to clean, and changes in temperature and humidity under deformation small material, and meet the following requirements:
1. computer room wall partition walls to fire, around which to moisture-proof, thermal processing. Computer room dust control measures should be taken. Room set separate entrances and in front of the entrance is located between changing shoes (Cabinet).
2. the laying of cable in the computer room, the equipment more, it should be noted that the engine room fire safety, fire control buildings.
3. dust flying twice, in the computer room had a large influence of air cleanliness, decorative materials should use less ash, less dust, easy cleaning, fire insulation of decorative materials, while taking note of the material should not be generated XuanLight.
4. best use of computer room ground texture hard and difficult to dust and electrostatic materials. If you choose cement floor, its surface must be smooth, level of good, and coloured antistatic paint.
5. computer room in the laying of anti-static floor, floor smoothness must guarantee that each meter is not greater than 2 mm.
6. anti-static floor space to lay cables below, its height is 200mm. In order to avoid the moving ground cables-dust or cut cable, floors and walls should be flat and wear-resistant.
7. anti-static floor thickness tolerances ± 0.2mm.
8. room internal general use glass partition, you should be aware of:
1) withstand voltage requirements. General computer lab for positive pressure, when a fire extinguishing gas will increase the pressure in the engine room, the glass pressure resistance intensity should be not less than 700 1200Pa, hosting/m2 kg.
2) smoothness. Requirements for smooth, clean and tidy.
3) meeting the thermal insulation, acoustic requirements.
4) meet the strength and security requirements.
9. room ceiling aluminum cellular plates smallpox, does not produce dust, durable, reliable and very beautiful ceiling above should have a height of 300 ~ 500mm. Its surface to smooth, flatness, brush the antistatic paint and laying of insulation materials, aluminum ceiling with masking, easy to clean, light weight, not combustion, corrosion resistance, easy construction, both dust absorbing features.
10. ceiling decoration: on the ceiling in the upper part by plastering project quality approval standard and construction specifications for advanced plastering ceilings. Plastering to flat, smooth, non-convex-concave, no clutter, no big empty drum or cracks, overall to level. If the embedded pendant, on hanging pieces around to seriously address, so that it is not because ceiling pendant of minor damage to adjacent structures activities. Also proposed in the engine room ceiling installation in the engine room ceiling top with angle iron material fixed layer metal mesh to prevent future damage to large plastering layer suspended ceiling. In order to prevent shedding-ceiling plastering grey surface dust or micro-sand, surface must brush two varnish or LaTeX. Requirements for painting evenly, not too thick and too thin or leakage brush.
11. Windows and doors, frames, fan surface can not have dirt, scratches and distortions. Installation location to the rules, secure, non-warping, loose. Doors and Windows of the dimensions to be accurate, the entrance of the hardware to support Windows and doors switch flexibly. Doors and Windows and walls of seams sealing measures taken, seal should be formed, weight evenly, smudge sealant should be smooth, non-convex-concave.
12. the engine all the pipeline should be anti-rust treatment, all the cables are steel bridges, steel or metal hose protection.

3. engine room supply and distribution project
Room distribution system is an integrated system, the data in the engine room computer communication systems, network communications equipment, computer room air conditioning power equipment, lighting and emergency lighting equipment of the power source.
Lab power supply design requirements
1. the supply of data machine room using three-phase five-wire, a kind of power supply system both by building distribution room will be switching power supply and diesel generator power to introduce data machine room, and the associated distribution Cabinet power distribution to the UPS, computer system, network, communication equipment, air conditioning, lighting and other auxiliary electrical equipment.
2, room supply should have a separate power supply circuit, using three-phase five-wire.
3. engine room equipment power supply and air conditioning supply should be divided into two independent circuit, where the device power consumption should be the total by device 1.5 times are reserved, and air conditioning electricity according to the requirements of supply and air conditioning equipment.
4, the engine room and the corresponding range of outlet should be divided into three types, namely: 1) uninterruptible power supply (UPS), power supply computer host and important communication devices dedicated socket, 2) uninterruptible power supply (UPS), power supply units with 3-hole standard socket, 3) AC direct powered devices with 5-hole standard Sockets.
5, the engine room and the corresponding range device power voltage variation should be 5%, frequency changes should 50H ± 0.5Hz.
6, the engine room and the corresponding range of lighting shall consist of work lighting and emergency lighting, work lighting access distribution Cabinet, access UPS emergency lighting.
7, engine room and the corresponding area lighting should be glare-free light, lighting brightness should be greater than 300LUX, emergency lighting brightness should be greater than 60LUX.
8, the appropriate area of the distribution system should take into account and the emergency lighting system with automatic switching and a fire protection system of linkage.
9. press the UPS output power circuit in the engine room equipment requirements, mainly computer equipment by private circuit (switch) power supply, network main switches, routers, network rack power supply by a private circuit.
10, ordinary computer equipment power supply circuit three-to four-socket, socket fixed to the floor; and to stay several subsequent distribution loop device extensions.


Engine room switchboard schematics

4. computer room environment monitoring system
In the era of information constitute the core of the network, a number of key equipment for the operating environment has very strict requirements, so you must press the national standards and specific needs of the establishment include supply and distribution, UPS, air conditioning, fire protection, security, environmental protection, such as leak detection equipment room system. Therefore, the engine room system is reliable or not directly related to the network correctly, durable and stable running. To this end, as the room system protection equipment and environment monitoring system (SCADA system) have been increasingly applied.
Recommended equipment selection
United States Sensaphone Corporation is the world famous manufacturers in the field of environmental monitoring, honor products Sensaphone1104/1104M/1108/2000/IMS-4000 to its absolute price/performance advantages, good quality has won 17 million users worldwide, is widely used in the communications room, computer room, air conditioning, power supply and other unmanned early warning and monitoring.
It acquisition environment and network parameters for processing, the timely detection of problems, and to sound and light, telephone, E-mail, Web, SNMP, inform the designated managers, you can anytime, anywhere remote access, control, and so on, is the true sense of the remote environment and network monitoring and alarm system.
For example: Sensaphone1104M connection of various types of sensors for monitoring of important parameters such as temperature, humidity, water leakage, smoke, power supply, air conditioning, UPS, etc, once found, it will call the Administrator's phone to record notice, such as broadcast "now temperature is 28 degrees, high power ..." it's the equivalent of one person, always monitor. With it, you have peace of mind.
If used as a central controller, Sensaphone1104M Sensaphone1104M in implementation of the function:
1) detection temperature
2) detection of humidity
3) detect the leakage and breakage (France TTK brand)
4) detection of smoke
5) detection power outages (built-in, free) is available from UPS input > and a line
6) testing it back-up power state (built-in, free)
7) detection room noise (built-in, free)

5. engine room KVM system
1. room KVM system overview
KVM mean "keyboard, monitor and mouse." These three together as a group of KVM console.
The KVM switch's main purpose is to let the consolidated Group KVM console can connect to many devices. This allows users to access from the console and control many computers or servers. Most enterprises require a server to perform the work behind the scenes to help the smooth operation of the enterprise. The most common server types including mail server, database, file server, Web/server and application server (SAP, ADP).
Because Enterprise Server has a critical role, and therefore typically is placed in is called data center or server room security environment.
Server room may be a small closet or room, or it may be a lot of space, which contain hundreds or even thousands of servers. These are often referred to as the data center. The data center is designed to protect the inside of the server, and provide very reliable power supplies and generator; a high degree of preservation of the entity, as well as higher order of cooling and heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system.
The KVM switch's main purpose is to allow a group of KVM console can connect to many devices that allow users to selectively from own KVM console control of one or another device.
2. the room the KVM switch's advantages

KVM switch can have one or more users to access and control many servers, various sizes of business can realize the following benefits:
1) lowering costs-using KVM switch that eliminates the need for each server connection keyboard, monitor and mouse, so you only need one or a few sets of keyboard, monitor and mouse, you can control and manage many servers. This not only reduces hardware costs, you can empty a more valuable space, moreover also can reduce power and air conditioning system needs.
2) enhance enterprise continuity-KVM switch allows to "independent of the network of" access to corporate servers and other IT equipment. Switch itself does not need to rely on businesses backbone or network. Therefore, even if the enterprise network itself fails, IT will still be able to access, control and management of the company's servers. You can even use the KVM switch from a remote location to do a full system reboot.
3) are not limited by hardware platform and operating system-KVM switch can operate in different server environments. There is no restriction to a specific manufacturer's hardware or operating system to operate. Switch operation of enterprise IT environments can use many different manufacturers of servers, like HP, IBM and Sun, you can perform a variety of different operating systems such as Solaris, Unix or Windows.

VI. room air-conditioning system
1. computer room environment
According to the electronic GB50174-93 computer room design code and the calculation GB2887-89 station site technical requirements of room temperature and humidity requirements. This works in the engine room air conditioning system design by B-level standards
Room of mainly from two aspects:
The engine's computer equipment, lighting, auxiliary facilities and staff of heat;
Enter the engine room external heat, such as: walls, roofs, dividers and ground heat incoming room; through the glass window of solar radiation into heat; from the Windows and doors of the slit into the wind and the heat of trespass.
In order to determine the main equipment room ambient temperature conditions required, the machine room exclusively used air conditioner device capacity, according to computer room system devices running characteristics and a summer climate of the city, using the analogy of calculation method to determine the capacity of the engine room air conditioning.
According to foreign materials, in-room headroom 2.5 ~ 3.1m, its computer room heat load by 300 ~ 500Kcal/h.m2 to value. But in our country, since the various computer room capacity density is low, the computer equipment utilized in 50-80%, while at the same time, in accordance with user requirements follow 200 ~ 250Kcal/h.m2 design.
2. computer room environment
According to the electronic GB50174-93 computer room design code and the calculation GB2887-89 station venue requirements of room temperature and humidity requirements:

Computer power on time of indoor temperature and humidity machine room
Project level
A-level grade b
Throughout the summer and winter
Temperature-20 ~ 24 ° 18 ~ 22 ° c 15 ~ 30 ° c
Humidity: 45% to 65% 40% to 70%
Temperature change rate < 5 ¡æ/h, no dew < 10 ¡æ/h, no condensation
ApplicableBasic workplace (according to equipment requires use of A-or B-class)
Room auxiliary room according to technological requirements determine
Notes



Computer outages in the engine room temperature and humidity
Project level
A-level grade b
Temperature: 5 ~ 35 ° c 5 ~ 35 ° c
Humidity: 40% to 70% in 20% to 80%
Temperature change rate < 5 ° c/dew shall be < 10 ° c/dew shall be

3. engine room ventilation system
Fresh air room
In order to guarantee the room air is fresh, the room should have 15-20% of the fresh air that staff will feel chest, dizziness. That is:
Room fresh air requirements:
L1 = room volume (V) × ACH (N)/HX20%

(Generally take N = 5)

Example: suppose a room area: 60M2
On the basis of the above, the demand for fresh air to the engine room the following calculation:
Room volume V1 = room area × height = 60M2×3M = 180M3
Room outdoor air demand L1 = 180M3× 5th/H × 20% = 180M3/H
The engine room exhaust
For the sake of fresh air circulation inside the engine room, the room air pressure must be maintained constant. Usual practice is to air conditioning Terminal installed exhaust fan and exhaust pipes. As a rule of thumb, exhaust volume for new air volume of 50%-60% for room air pressure constant.

7. room lightning engineering
1 lightning protection measures
Computer information and communication system with effective, reliable SPD, is internationally in the most effective preventive measures.
Lightning lightning protection is divided into prevention and lightning in two ways. Protection against Lightning by buildings installed lightning rod complete computer room of lightning protection mainly against lightning surges and arising due to other causes excess voltage. Specific diagram for details.
Room for comprehensive protection against lightning, apart from the engine room is located on the building to have a good lightning protection devices must be installed in the engine room the power supply SPD and signal SPD, power systems, signal system, reliable and effective protection.



2. engine room power supply system lightning protection and programme
People's Republic of China national standard code for design of the building mine (GB50057-94) requirements: in order to prevent incursions by the power of lightning damage to the engine room information system should be introduced in the power line distribution box office equipped with overvoltage protectors.
Master-level lightning protection: in the engine room the power distribution box office install high capacity SPD, when lightning hit, the primary-level SPD can quickly be Breakdown-voltage surges, lightning strike, will leak into the ground close to, thereby protecting computer room equipment.
Secondary lightning protection: in order to prevent lightning residual voltage invade the device, the device power cables into the line installation small capacity SPD or mine socket, you can further reduce the impact of induction lightning, protection of electronic devices against damage.
According to the size of the room and its equipment was the importance of protecting our customers recommend master-level lightning or secondary levels, lightning protection, specific wiring as shown:



3. engine room grounding system
Grounding system involves a wide range of comprehensive information processing engineering, is a computer room construction of an important element, not only affects computers running on the device itself, but also directly related to the computer equipment and staff security. Grounding system is a good measure of a computer room construction quality of one of the key issues.
Grounding system components and requirements:
The electronic computer room design code (GB50174-93): an electronic computer room grounding device settings should satisfy personal security and electronic computer uptime and system device security requirements, computer room should be used in the following four grounding:
Exchange work grounding, grounding resistance should not greater than 4 Ω;
Security protection earthing, grounding resistance should not greater than 4 Ω;
DC work grounding, grounding resistance should follow the specific requirements of a computer system;
Lightning protection and grounding, existing national standards should be the building mine design code execution.
Current common grounding scheme
Scenario 1: Exchange and safe work places earthed public, Thunder, DC ground separately. (Figure A)
The ground, in the event of lightning strikes back due to lightning and other two ground between a certain distance (usually require greater than 40 meters), to avoid damage to the equipment and lightning strikes back; at the same time as the DC ground and separated from other grounding, interference from other Earth wire can also be eliminated. But back to playing ground, cost comparison high pile, and by the surrounding environment restrictions, it is estimated that in addition to pile has found certain difficulties.
Scheme 2 comprehensive grounding. (Figure B)
The AC ground and safety grounding into one, and DC ground, Thunder with three ground leads to the floor of the building, as shown in Figure B E2, E3, E4. And then compares them E1 lightning to pile into a comprehensive grounding grid connected. So they have the same potential, in the event of lightning, lightning strikes back will not occur without damage to the device. At the same time, the requirements for the grounding resistance less than 1 Ω, guarantees that no potential difference between grounded, no mutual interference. This is by far the most common project.
In order to guarantee the resistance is less than 1 Ω, we will adopt the high quality of grounding and down lead, according to the actual situation of the integrated use of deep, add resistance-reducing agent, increase the grounding line cross sectional area, increase the number of methods such as ground to reduce resistance to meet national requirements.


8. room automatic fire extinguishing system
When the fire alarm, smoke detectors, fire controller issued fire warning sound, light and alarm signals. But you do not start the fire-fighting program. When the same protection zones heat detector and smoke detector with alarm, the controller issued a soundOptical alarm signals. In manual or automatic startup, before the fire-fighting procedures Jet total console command, notification of personnel evacuated, and the issue of a linkage control signal, cut off the room distribution Cabinet power supply, cut off the non-fire-power supply of the electrical equipment. Such as: air conditioner, fan, lighting, computers and other equipment power supply. The above equipment power supply and fire protection system of the linkage process, is the use of power distribution Cabinet main breaker shunt for long distance minutes. Distribution Cabinet master switches are equipped with shunt release and auxiliary contacts, other emergency trip button, if necessary, you can manually cut into line power.