【 Weak current College 】 intelligent housing and the relationship between household wiring

Intelligent residential automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences (SmartHome) embodies the realm of human comfort and high-profile, its greatest features is comfortable and ubiquitous information flow, thus also called information family iHOME. World countries are racing to develop. Smart House is built in to the computer (computer), communication (communication), and consumer electronics (consumption) and content (content) on the basis of 4C, top 3 C integration of information products will become a network of terminals and 4th C carrier, allowing a true Internet economy.
I. characteristics of smart residential

Constitute the basic conditions for intelligent House has the following three points:

(1) has the equivalent of the family residence neural network. The family network is a family bus system (HBS) and other information transmission device, it can make the device between the organic and anyone anywhere can freely select all information within and outside the family, if the previous home of electrical wiring and gas piping, etc. to the blood vessels, so now the family dwelling is the equivalent of the bus of the nervous system.

(2) to this network offers a variety of services; here is used to support the activities of the family of information services, and residential equipment control, family activities can be divided into domestic work, management, cultural activities and communication four categories.

Domestic (housekeeping) – refers to the household equipment, domestic equipment and security equipment automatic control, energy management and display, etc.; belonging to the consumer electronics (consumption).

Management (management) — including family shopping and financial management, transport, domestic work and medical health management; wider is to e-commerce, e-education, electronic entertainment as the representative of the content (content).

Cultural life (cultare) — including the use of computer aided teaching and learning at home, personal and family entertainment and creative activities, etc.; wider is to e-commerce, e-education, electronic entertainment as the representative of the content (content).

Communication (communication) — including the use of public communications networks and two-way CATV and external communication as well as consulting services and Community administrative services.

(3) and area community connected to the external world. Domestic intelligence system should include installation in the family of smart sensors and Executive devices, home wiring system and intelligent controller for this family of three basic parts. Home intelligent controller is a family of intelligent systems Center, is also intelligent network intelligent node.

Intelligent housing through family network (or family bus) within the family, including computers, televisions, stereos, phones, video LD, or DVD, and other information equipment and residential equipment integration, together into a network and is connected to the external environment and housing, in particular can be connected to the Internet, providing jobs, learning, entertainment and other services, the creation of multifunctional information of living space, constitute a perfect network of families.

Intelligent housing including indoor different locations more phone information outlets, you can communicate with the outside world; a PC socket, connect the LAN running, enabling to work from home, Internet browsing, Internet shopping, mail, etc; CCTV interface, both for security monitoring, families are also available through the interactive TV system with video on demand, and other entertainment activities. So as to achieve scholar does not scan, the ideal of the world. In addition, the indoor temperature and lighting control system according to the family environment changes automatically adjust the room temperature and lighting. High-grade system also automatically close the window when it rains; sunlight when the curtain whereabouts automatically; home no one when heating is automatically lowered; intelligent features are obvious.

The intelligent House emphasized people's initiative, attention to people and the coordination of living system, a number of ways to facilitate the residents living environment, and comprehensively improve the quality of life. This is it, and the difference between a home automation system.

Second, family intelligent bus protocol

In the smart home, except for information appliance for real-time control, problems are more prominent in the family of information appliances device communication, as well as the family and the outside world of communication problems, which require a more suitable for intelligent home and intelligent family controlled bus (HomeBus). In domestic intelligence system bus protocol is its essence, but because of the different systems of protocol incompatibility between, on the home automation market. At present, the main bus protocols are:

(1) LonWorks Protocol, it is not supported by fieldbus network topology, a single form of restriction, you can use any form of network topology. Network operating system structures you can use the master-slave, peer-and now the client/server mode, it's communication media are not restricted, the available power line and cable twisted pair, radio frequency, infrared, etc., and can be mixed within the same network. The current global established LonWorks node has exceeded 50 000.

(2) CEBuS-EIA consumer electronic bus protocol, is Europe and the home automation electronics industry recommended standards.

(3) BACnet-building automation network communication protocol. It is a completely open building automation network, building automatic control device features and information data representation, 5 norm LAN protocols and how they communicate using protocols such as part of the composition.

(4) BATIBus, building heating, air conditioning, lighting and access control systems communicate with the fieldbus.

(5) SmartHOuseLP smart housing agreement.

(6) X-10 Protocol. It is the leading United States home automation system. Born in 1978, has a history of the most simple, direct use of residential power line as the control bus, through the power line to the controller and the functional interface is connected to and implement the program control, do not have to pass through the hole punch, and more conducive to changes in the structure and space, users can install it yourself, the price is relatively cheap.

(7) power line media development and power line modem integrated circuits so that users can enter through the power line, Internet network from simple data transfer to join the network.

3. home network wiring system

Home network cabling requirements solving wiring easily and achieve plug two basic questions. The current development of the manufacturers of home network is divided into two camps: one is to Microsoft, AMD, Lucent HomeRun network led by the Alliance, its technology is the banner of xDSL this flag; the other is from 3Com, Cisco, and other components of the Epigram Alliance, which provides by the television networks to transfer the images, sounds, data, the overall solution.

Intelligent routing application has the following 3 types:

Category 1-CommandControlandCommunicationsforBuildings CCCB, is the control system wiring for complete household survival environment control, its applications such as fire alarms, CCTV, access control, air-conditioning automatic control, lighting control, water/electricity/gas three table automatically CC, which provides regular, accurate, effective, convenient automation environment. This type of wiring usually consists of twisted pair and coaxial cables together, topology can be a star, bus-or daisy chain of one or more forms of hybrid.

First ICT — InformationandCommunicationsTechnology, is information system wiring, provides information service platform for information management, and their use as a phone, fax, computer networking, Internet, e-mail, video conferencing, Home Office (HomeOffice), as well as all of the phone/computer network attach more and more services, this requires timely and convenient service.

Category 3-HomeEntertainmentandMultimedia, HE is home entertainment and multimedia wiring, its applications such as cable TV, satellite TV, home theater, interactive video on demand, and cable TV networks can provide all the features. This type of application of the main transmission media in General is coaxial cable, using the bus configuration. But there are also some application using computer network as a transport media, users at home on a TV set-top box with installation, you can complete the signal reception and conversion.

Smart residential wiring system characteristics but also in its transmission diversity, different transmission media can find their applications, including coax, twisted pair, fiber optic, cable and infrared remote control, radio frequency, power line carrier three common wireless signal transmission mode. Wired has a high security, large capacity, rates high, and the wireless remote-control mode is best suited for families.

IV. household wiring standards

1 intelligent residential cabling systems have ANSI/TIA/EIA570A home telecommunications cable standard (ResidentialTelecommunicationsCablingStandard), it provides household wiring cable includes 4 on 3 m or 5 75 Ω coaxial cable UTP, and indoor 2 core multi-molds optical fiber, the line from the socket to the wiring box must not exceed 90 meters, the length must not exceed the channel 100 meters, terminating use of 8 bit plug seat. Home wiring of the heart is to install box, video, voice, and data templates, the Setup box allocation and management of the various rooms, then the transmission medium for the entire home provides automation and Visual, home, Internet access, Home Office, the installation box while fixed various distribution frame and panels, installed within the embedded wall cabinet.

2 home wiring level

Rating system for the helped to select suitable for every home unit different services of wiring infrastructure. Table 1 and table 2 lists the optional home wiring infrastructure. Main meet home automation, security cabling requirements.

Grade a telecommunications services provided to meet the minimum requirements of the general wiring system, the class can provide telephone, CATV, and data services. Grade a is mainly made of twisted pair and use the star topology method to connect, grade a wiring the minimum requirement for a four to unshielded twisted pair (UTP), and must meet or exceed ANSI/TIA/EIA-568A provides three types of cable transmission requirements: as well as a 75, and must meet or exceed the requirements of SCTEIPS-SP-001. Recommends installing unshielded twisted pair (UTP) easy upgrade to level II.

Level II provides advanced to meet Foundation, and the multimedia telecommunications services of general wiring system, this level of support for current and ongoing development of telecommunications services. Level II wiring for minimum requirements for one or two of the four pairs of unshielded twisted pair (UTP), and must meet or exceed ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A five types of cable transmission requirements, as well as one or two 75 Ω coaxial cable (Coaxial), and must meet or exceed the requirements of SCTEZPS-SP-001. Optional fiber optic cable, and must meet or exceed ANSI/ICEAS-87-640 of transmission requirements.

3General household wiring requirements are defined by this second level to set the programmes, and in every home set a boundary point (demarcationpoint) or a secondary isolation socket (Auxiliary&discountoutlet) to connect to a terminal device.

Every family must install a wiring enclosures (DD), wiring box is a cross-connection of the distribution frame, all the main terminal, jumper cables, sockets and equipment wiring, etc. The main distribution frame provides users increase, alter or change the services, and provides the connection port to external service providers with different systems and applications. Distribution frame must be installed in a suitable for installation and maintenance, and provides a protection device will introduce the building wiring. All termination if you want to connect, you must install the grounding and the introduction of building equipment, and in line with the appropriate standards and specifications.

5. home wiring products

1) siemon company has launched a smart HOMEsys residential wiring system, it includes home wiring instruction Center CTCommandCenter), MAX series Designer panels, line socket, cable and installation of the frame. In addition there are also mini MINIsys public environment wiring system.

Home wiring instruction Center CT function is to connect family communication, entertainment and security provides efficient passive wiring Center. Distribution frame and installation framework is very easy to install in the House, to terminating communication cables providing convenience methods. CT instruction Center can have 8 or 12 of the second kind of configuration, each port can be installed three standard CT module, support for up to 72 including voice, data, images, various signals. Each instruction Center also has a S110 distribution frame base, available to terminating access indoor voice or data signal. MAX series Designer panel is designed for home wiring system design of the product, with MAX series installation frame and MAX modules, providing users with family communication, entertainment and security end user interface.

2) NORDX/CDT company has launched a smart home solutions RUN (ResidentialUniversalNetwork), it consists of a series of easy installation of modular components, core is a modular wiring rack, is home to all the interconnection of telecommunication signals, simplified jumper is convenient to tenants to change the location of the line. Voice and digital signal transmission through category 5 twisted-pair cable, the cable TV signal to the individual room allocation. 4-hole information outlets of typical application is 1 coaxial module used to connect to the TV, 2 RJ-45 twisted pair modules connect phone and PC, plus 1 hole is to be left for future expansion. Modular distribution center configuration as shown in table 3.

Have a home wiring system, not only can enjoy the convenience of the information age and the benefits to families safer, farewell winding phone line, at look at the things you want to see, unfettered access to the Internet, set up a Home Office (SOHO), can have a future-oriented families.

3) ORTRONICS has launched the "intelligent home — INHOUSE" wiring system, modular design, can be easily added according to user needs. The programme uses custom installation box to a wall panel star distribution of household-multimedia network systems, and support for home audio and video entertainment systems, home automation system, INTERNET access, Home Office.

MOD 4) United States — TAP company launched home wiring system RCS (ResidentialCablingSystem), RCS is realization of the "central control, distributed plug". Through a channel to a variety of devices from every room, to select a device to use it, simply adjust the frequency.

There are 5) IBM HomeDirector that provides 16 video channels, 4 PC LAN, 4 telephone lines and four remote control camera. It uses the category 5 twisted-pair, all twisted pair ultimately connected to the ConnectionCenter cartridge box including cable TV and CCTV use coaxial cable module, 10Base-T Ethernet and telephone and ISDN connections of the lamp. The second box called HomenetworkController, its control system operation, such as infrared wireless remote control enables the user to set any housing a TV channel, etc.

6) Germany KRONE's BROADWAY star structure home wiring system.