【 Weak current College 】 engineering cost essence article 368 (2)

81, actual engineering field distance over budget quota determination distance, can be calculated second cartage
82, material consumption (determination into field observation and laboratory method) by purpose is divided into: primary materials, auxiliary materials, working materials, other materials (material consumption = material net amount (1 + rate))
83, budget fixed machinery construction consumed rent = fixed machinery consumption of rent (1 + mechanical magnitude difference coefficients)
84, proportion of scattered small mechanical press work quota calculation introduced class members, to mechanical charges or other fees that are no longer machine column the number of rent
85, years non-job shadow days: refers to workers in learning, training, mobility, visiting relatives, leave, because climate impact, women children, 6 months or less sick leave as well as production, marriage, bereavement, the number of days in the year should work and not the number of days of work
86 days, effective work years should work days =-year non-working days
87, impact factors of artificial price: social average wage levels, living consumption index, the composition of the artificial price, supply and demand in the labour market, the implementation of social security and welfare policy
88, impact materials budget price change factors: market supply and demand changes, material changes in the cost of production, circulation and supply system, the transport distance and transport methods, the domestic market will have an impact on the price of imported materials
89, materials budget price means the materials from its sources to arrive at the site of the library after the warehouse general average price. General material price (factory price, imported materials arrive on board, sales departments, wholesale and retail price), and marketing departments handling, packing, shipping fees, purchasing and maintenance costs;
90, materials budget price = (materials and marketing departments of the original price + handling fee + packaging + shipping fees + transport loss) (1 + procurement and custody rates)-packaging materials recycling value
91, materials supply price = material to supply departments handling the original price +
92, packaging materials, packaging and recycling value = price * proportion * recovery value of recycling ratio
93, migration and incidental expenses (freight, in accordance with the other cities (including transfer fares, handling, transport, insurance, freight) and city freight) refers to the material by the purchasing or shipping point to the construction site of the warehouse or storage site, including site search transit transport occurs during all expenses and transit tolls, including shunting barge fee, handling fees, transportation costs, and additional costs, etc.
94, purchase and maintenance costs = materials transported to site warehouse prices * procurement and custody rate = (materials and marketing departments of the original price + handling fee + packaging + shipping fees + transport tear) * procurement and custody rates
95, construction machinery rent price includes: depreciation, cost of repairs, often repairs, Ann (enclosed) clearance fees and other charges (non-farm freight), fuel, labor, power, vehicle and vessel usage tax, etc.
96, religious dramas depreciation = mechanical budget price * (1-residual rate) * loan interest factor/durable total budget rent; machinery for ex-factory price and incidental expenses of calculation; loan interest coefficient = 1 + (n + 1) I/2; durable religious dramas that mechanical life, can be divided into technical service life and economic useful life (used in the same fixed quota), durable rent = depreciation life * years working class = overhaul interval of rent * overhaul cycle (where the overhaul period = lifetime repair count + 1)
97, religious dramas overhaul costs = a major repair costs * life-cycle repair times/durable total rent
98, rent fuel power consumption = (actual number * 4 + fixed average + survey mean)
99, engineering price generally refers to the construction and installation the project's budget price and unit price estimates; including artificial fee, material fee, machinery;
100, part of the project price: press using object content architecture engineering price and installation engineering price; by purpose into budget price, estimates range by using the unit price; sub-regional unit price and the unit price supplement; case basis at a fixed price and unit price; the price supplements the integrated level divided into basic direct cost price (artificial fee, material fee, mechanical), full-cost prices (labor, materials, machinery, onsite expenses, other direct costs and indirect costs) and the full price (labor, materials, machinery, onsite expenses, other direct costs, indirect costs, profits and taxes)
101, part of the project is the basis of the unit price: budget fixed, artificial price, onsite funding fee standards
102, project price is the price, the retail plan is free prices, both of which have table price, accounting and economic adjustment functions
103, engineering of unit price basis: budget estimates for the fixed and fixed, artificial price, materials budget prices and rent prices, site machinery, other direct costs and indirect costs to charge standard
104, unit valuation summary tables omitted the "artificial, mechanical religious dramas, materials" consumed quantity (three volumes), retained the "artificial, mechanical desk banfei, material fee" (trivalent) and budget value. Preparation of methods in the unit price is the weighted average method
105, estimates fixed also called extended structure fixed, mainly for the design estimates for the establishment, by the State for the record
106, budget fixed by the principle: the social average and concise applicable principles, their weighted average ratio of consolidated budget fixed child increases cost 2.06%
107, estimates for the quota of generally divided into three phases: the preparation phase, the preparation of draft phase, review finalized
108, preparation of the investment required is generally divided into three phases: collect information on the stage, the balance adjustment phase, evaluation review stage
109, budget indicators is to the whole building and structure for the objects, the proposed indicators and difference: ⑴ determine the various consumption indicators, budget fixed objects is based on units expand sub-item project or organization to expand the structure components as objects; ⑵ determine the basis of various consumption indicators; estimates fixed to fixed budget as a basis for budget targets mainly from budget or settlement information
110, budget fixed by the principle:Average determines principles, concise applicable principles, based on representative


111, the classification of the indicators proposed for construction engineering estimates and installation manifestation proposed indicators, into an integrated budget indicators and indicators of individual estimates
112, investment evaluation indicators generally consists of the construction project of integrated indicators (including individual construction investment, construction and preparation of other charges, general investment in the overall production capacity units), individual project budget indicators (including construction costs, installation engineering fees, equipment, utensils and furniture acquisition costs and other expenses, generally to a single project investment capacity units) and units of the engineering budget indicators (i.e., construction and installation engineering fees)
113, quantities is provided by the tenderer, the preparation of the files is the tenderer or his delegate construction cost Consulting unit
114, quantities (mainly used in the bidding stage) is an integral part of the tender documents, including the quantities and the quantities table, is to invest in the control of the prerequisite and basis for the project is estimated that the tenderer to settlement actually completed on the basis of the quantities
115, quantities and items Arabic numerals by 12-bit encoding (1 ~ 4-national provisions unity, 5-tenderer), level 1 (2) classification code, level 2 (2) chapter of the order code, level 3 (2) section order codes, 4 level (3) inventory item code, class 5 (3) specific list item code
116, engineering calculation rules by major professional Division includes the construction and installation engineering, decoration engineering, municipal engineering, landscaping and five professional
117, action item list to a common project (measures fees), construction (vertical machinery transport), installation (vertical machinery transportation, indoor air pollution test), decoration engineering, municipal engineering
118, sub-project quantities should include projects coded, project name, measurement units, project quantity 4 parts
119, other project checklist: tenderer parts (including reserved gold, material purchase fee), a bidder (General Contracting services, ad-hoc work fee)---by bidders in the tender documents prepared

120, other project costs: contains the tenderer (unforeseen costs, subcontracting costs, other), the bidders (see on-site fees, performance bond fees, engineering insurance, General Contracting services, ad-hoc work fee)

121, sporadic work fee table: the tenderer provide ad-hoc work fee table should include detailed labor, material, machine name, unit of measure and the corresponding number
122, country, region or sector of fixed data * quantities--------------construction projects bidding price; enterprise fixed * quantities--------------construction project bids
123, part of the project fee = sub-project quantities * sub-project engineering unit price (price = artificial fee + machinery costs + cost of materials + fee + profit + risk costs) measures project fee = measures project engineering * measures project integrated unit price (composition classes with the separated parts project price)---occurred in the project and construction technology, life, security, non-engineering entities project cost unit project quote = sub-project engineering fees + measures project charges + other project costs (which may occur in other costs) + fees + taxes----------------is the quantities according to the tender documents complete the quantities required for the full cost of the individual project quotation = unit project construction the total quote quote = individual project quote
124, quantities (call for price contract pricing) price form has two — quantity unit price method (by budget fixed work, material, machine consumption standards and budgetary pricing) and comprehensive price------bidding adhere to tend to the principle of reasonable price
125, quantities method of characteristics: ⑴ meet competition needs to provide for an equal ⑵ compete ⑶ help engineering of disbursement and the final project cost ⑷ conducive to the realization of the risk owners reasonable sharing ⑸ conducive to investment control
126, resilience detailed list counts including preparation of tender bidding, bid and contract price determination and adjustment and project settlement, is an independent valuation, a market pricing model
127, quantities due to leakage or design changes lead to new projects, its corresponding integrated unit price by the contractor, via the constructer----change quantities are confirmed by letting people as the basis for settlement
128, quantities and prices, its central role of the unified engineering calculation rules; the quantities and prices of a fixed and than the reform is the core of quantities for market participation and independent pricing on both sides of the body
129, part of the project costs, measures projects and other project costs are comprehensive price (comprehensive price = artificial fee + machinery costs + cost of materials + fee + profit + risk costs)
130, sub-project comprehensive price of quantities and costs analysis table measures project by the tenderer upon request as needed to fill in

131, United Kingdom of quantities is — by SMM7, start-up costs, partial project summary, project quantity part, tentative amount and composition of basic costs
132, project cost information features: ⑴ culture ⑵ diversity ⑶ professional dynamics of systemic ⑸ ⑷ ⑹ seasonal
133, information on project cost classification, shall follow the principles of stability, compatibility, scalability, adaptability
134, project cost information mainly has the following three categories: price information, indices, has finished the project information, in a building project cost information
135, project cost information accumulation of content should include the "quantity" and "price", also include the cost to determine the major technical and economic conditions, construction projects, and individual project cost information, unitProject cost information, other
136, project cost information compiled by: ⑴ plan's reference investment in fixed assets, as construction cost analysis (construction cost savings = present value-approved budget of construction costs and the present value of the construction cost reduction rate = construction cost savings/approved budget) ⑵ unit capacity investment analysis (units of capacity investment = total investment (present value)/all new production capacity (usability)) investment estimation of ⑶ prepared pursuant to a preliminary design estimates compiled ⑷ and reviewing construction drawing an important basis for the budget used for determining the base ⑸ and quotation reference ⑹ serves as the technical and economic analysis of the basis of information developed various fixed ⑺ information used to determine the price adjustment coefficient ⑻, preparing cost index ⑼ similar project cost for the study of
137, construction cost index as it reflects the range of different phenomena (individual index, index); the nature of the phenomenon (quantity indicators, quality indicators); analysing the different (fixed base index, link index number;) preparation of methods (index, average) by the length limit (point index, index, index, quarter, year index)
138, construction cost index is a reflection of a certain period of time due to price changes on project cost impact of an index that reflects the base period to the reporting period price trends
139, various individual price index------individual index; equipment and utensils price index------total index, use the form of comprehensive index; construction and installation the project construction cost index-total-index, the average index of representation; construction projects or individual projects cost index------total index, the average index of representation;
140, equipment, utensils price index is a quality index, Laspeyres system is in the base period quantity is distributed with a measure factors: Xu system — composite index KP; q0-base period quantity; q1 — the amount of the reporting period; p0-base price; p1 — reporting period price

141, OK with the general principle of measurement factors: quality index index should report the number of indicators as the same factors, namely the use measurement represented's formula, and the quantitative indicators index should be based on the indicators of the quality of the base period as the same measurement factors using Laplace equation
142, equipment, utensils price index
143, construction and installation the project price index: (that is, the period of construction and installation engineering fees/construction and installation the project construction cost index)
144, construction projects or individual projects index: formula for basic ibid., mainly consists of the construction and installation engineering fees, equipment, utensils and other costs of engineering construction
145, construction cost index: macroeconomic regulation and control, project estimation and budget basis, provide the basis for the tender offer, then known as the tender price index
146, the Hong Kong construction cost index published mainly cost index and a price index; the United States, Japan, China, Hong Kong by Government and civil two channel publishing project cost information, through the Government's project cost management publications
147, project decision making and project cost relationship: ⑴ the correctness of decision making is the engineering cost and rational premise ⑵ project decision was the basis for determining project cost or low cost ⑶, investment number also affects project decision ⑷ investment project decision influence the depth estimation accuracy, but also the engineering cost control effect
148, investment evaluation as quota objectives
149, influence the decision-making phase of the project construction cost of the main factors: the ⑴ project rational scale (project size constraints: rationalization of market factors (the project size determines the primary factors to be considered), technical factors, environmental factors) ⑵ construction standard level (building standards include: construction scale, floor space, technical equipment, building standards, supporting projects, labor force, criteria and indicators) building area and building ⑶ location (address) of choice (close to raw material, fuel supply and product consumption principles, industry project appropriate aggregation principle) the ⑷ engineering technology programme (mainly consists of the production process of identifying and selecting key equipment of two parts--the choice of major equipment-should be handled: try to use domestic equipment, the attention of imported equipment, as well as between domestic and foreign device interface kit, imported equipment and existing domestic equipment, plant problems, among the supporting equipment and raw materials that the import of spare parts and repair capability between related issues)
150, a feasibility study on the role of the investment decision based on the ⑴ ⑵ the basis for preparation of design documents to the Bank loans of ⑶ based ⑷ construction units and various cooperation unit signed a contract and the agreement on the basis of environmental sector ⑸, local government and planning departments approving projects pursuant to ⑹ construction organization, project schedule and final acceptance of the basis for assessment of the project after the ⑺ pursuant
151, the whole process of project construction can be divided into three phases: pre-investment stage (including the opportunity to study the stage of project ideas: ± 30%, 0.2%-1%, 1 ~ March, pre-feasibility study phase project primaries: ± 20%, 0.25% ~ 1.25%, 4 ~ 6 month, a detailed feasibility study on the phase of project preparation: ± 10%, great 0.2% ~ 1%, 1% ~ 3%, 8-12 months (---construction investment decisions, and its main objectives proposed project-building programmes, economic analysis and the final selection, determine the feasibility of the project investment and ultimately choose the standard basis) evaluation and decision phase project assessment ± 10%), investment period, production period
152, in project feasibility study, project economic and rational research including financial analysis and economic analysis, feasibility study on the construction project of content can be summarized as most 3: market research —---need, technical studies-feasibility study--— issues, benefit-rationality (core) feasibility study, the project's research on the net and rationality include financial analysis and economic evaluation of the two aspects
153, large and medium-sized construction project feasibility study report--national specialized company responsible for the preliminary hearing, the State Development Planning Commission approval or by the State Development Planning Commission commissioned unit approval; weight of large projectsFeasibility research report-the State Development Planning Commission departments concerned, the State Council for approval to the pre-trial; small project feasibility study report does not pass through the pre-trial, and approval by the national professional company
154, foreign investment required in stages and precision: ⑴ project investments envisaged period--no process flow diagrams, floor plans — hair assessment phase (cf. estimation)---> = ± 30%; ⑵ project investment opportunities study period – a preliminary process flow diagram, major equipment production capacity--preliminary assessment phase-(factor estimation)---± 30% ⑶ project feasibility study period---possess equipment form and the productive capacity of the main equipment---preliminary estimate (recognised estimation)---± 20% ⑷ projects feasibility study period---determine estimates (control estimate)----+-10% ⑸ project design phase---have full design drawings---detailed estimate (bid estimate)----± 5%
155, the feasibility study, basic preparation charges, prices prepared, a construction period of interest and included in the fixed assets, and liquidity (finance working capital) is mainly used for the purchase of raw materials, fuels, payment of salaries and other operating costs, the necessary working capital, equal to current assets (mainly consider cash, receivables and inventories) — current liabilities (main consideration payable) construction project static investment estimation (148-152)
156, unit production capacity method (accuracy up to 70%): the construction project of investment in productive relations as a simple linear relationship, mainly for the new project or installation of estimates; (estimate should pay attention to local, compatibility, time)--consider the time difference between C2 = C1 (Q2/Q1) f
157, productivity index (precision can reach 70%): mainly applicable for the proposed installation or project and used to refer to a known device or item size different occasions. C2 = C1 (Q2/Q1) xf------most of the contract price on this approach
158, coefficient estimation method: divided into device coefficient C = E (1 + f1p1 + f2p2 + ….) + I---the proposed project's equipment to the base, detail of professional coefficient C = E (1 + f1p1 ' + f2p2 ' + ….) + I-with the proposed project's process equipment investment for cardinality, langerhans'cell coefficient method (estimation error of 10% ~ 15%) C = E (1 + σ ki) kc--ki – piping, instrumentation, buildings, etc., cost estimating coefficients--kc-management fees, a contingency fee contract charges, and so the total expense estimate (1.43-1.1, 1.25, 1.6-1.5-1.31, 1.35, 1.38),
159, ratio estimation method (based on the existing equipment investment accounted for plant construction investment proportion)
160, index estimation method, it is mainly used for the project proposal stage