【 Weak current College 】 buildings civil engineering structure on the influence of elevator

Buildings civil engineering structure on the elevator of with the development of the times, the elevator as modern buildings is an indispensable means of transport, its important role in increasing people's attention. Elevator choice configuration is reasonable in the entire building traffic conditions have a major impact, Elevator choice configuration on buildings are important. On the Select configuration elevator decisive is the building of civil engineering structures. Because of the buildings once completed, it will be very difficult to carry out larger changes in building design, should take full account of how to meet all of the selected parameters of the lift.
So what is decided we choose to configure the key elevator? we believe that there are the following.
1 elevator shafts top height and depth of the abyss
Top height of pit depth is the key to choosing the elevator speed. The height of the elevator car dimensions, higher rated speed will require higher top height. Top height requirement is by GB7588-1995 in 5.7. That is: (1) when the full pressure in the buffer, 1) cabin guide can provide not less than 0.1 + 0.035v2 (m) of guided tour; 2) car top maintenance plane above must have 1.0 + 0.035v2 (m) of space; 3) the minimum part well road roof and boots, DRAY attachments, vertical sliding door beams or part is not less than the distance between 0.1 + 0.035v2 (m), to car top equipment distance not less than 0.3 + 0.035v2 (m); 4) cabin above should have a 0.5m×0.6m×0.8m space. (2) when the car is fully pressure in the buffer, the guide can provide not less than 0.1 + 0.035v2 (m) of the guided tour.
Visible, the main influence on the top floor height is the total height of the cabin. Since the company car height comparable to basic, on the top floor height requirements. We often have top level height in 3.7 ~ 3.8m around the wells road, such height without treatment is unable to install an elevator. Finally, had to lower the elevator of rated speed or the top level of the escalator down one level, at the expense of a service layer approach to compensate for the lack of top height. The price is very large. At the same time, if you take a layer service layer method, then the height of the top level after reconstruction will be very high (more than 6m), wasted a lot of space. Of course, if the building top floor height, but the room height is high, we can hit the roof off well road, some wells road, protruding into the engine room the access needs of top height. But this will not only work volume is large, and often room height is also difficult to meet the requirements.
By the same token, the pit depth design also must meet GB7588-1995. Simply: when the car is fully pressure in the buffer, the (1) there shall be a pit 0.5m×0.6m×1.0m space; (2) the pit bottom to import boots, safety clamp, the distance between the door parts should not be less than 0.1m, to car parts other than 0.5m distance. As regards the import boots, safety clamp, door parts of factors generally can meet, we can see the actual impact on pit depth lies: (1) the bumpers are fully compressed cabin car bottom bumps to the underside of the well road; (2) in the client-layer layer, the car into the pit and buffer height and empty leg of three. After analysis it is not difficult to find, this both will pit depth at a substantially reduced range: if excessive reduce buffer height, it is difficult to meet the requirements of the previous conditions; if excessive reduce empty distance, makes the latter conditions contrary to the national standard. We often run into this situation: in the pit depth is low customer to us asking if you can pit hole in the buffer is installed in the tunnel, in order to solve the problem. But no matter how buffer, when installed cabin full pressure in the buffer, the car bottom to pit bottom surface distance must conform to national standards, this is a "hard size". If the pit depth is too small; unable to meet the requirements, only down deep plough. But this quantity and needless to say, because most of the pit and the base are connected, not well also have an impact on the basis of the building. Another solution is to lower layer Hall door Department for a stage where the car on the steps that would make leveling need pit depth. But this will be end-storey, but also to the aesthetic appearance. Of course, if the pit depth more than the required size, could cause car empty distance beyond the national standard of allowed values. Not many in excess, we can increase the buffer base solution; if too much, only the backfill pit to the required depth.
This shows that the building design time should take fully into account the need to lift the top and bottom hole size, avoid size does not fit the embarrassing and difficult to remedy.
2 elevator shafts dimensions, shape and layout conditions
Elevator shafts and shape are the select key to lift the load. GB on while the dimensions of the elevator shaft road is not mandatory, but must load of the lift cabin area but there are clear limits. And because the factory products have their own car and wells road, building wells road size often determines the choice of type of elevator. There is no doubt that the same conditions, the greater the weight of the lift to download the required wells Road area. Some owners in order to minimise the building area, get greater value for money, often well Road area built very small. However, the elevator is required load capacity, it is clear that such a requirement is difficult to meet. As a result, either select a small load of the lift or existing wells road on the special design of the cabin. The former approach will affect the traffic conditions in buildings; then a solution can only in existing wells road dimension and the manufactures standard dimensions comparable to large can be effective, but also to pay a sum of cost of special design. In addition, smaller wells Road area in the elevator when the piston effect is noticeable, especially when selecting high-speed elevators. Piston effect it will increase the elevator runs the consumption of energy, on the one hand, it will also increase the lift of the running noise. Of course, is not to say that the larger the size of well road, the better. Well road size too big notBut it would be a waste to use area of a building, and sometimes as a manufacturer is unable to provide adequate rail bracket that will require building owners to wells in the need to install the Rails bracket place setting beam, to provide suitable well road, thus virtually increases construction costs. These are buildings designed to be fully taken into account.
Well road shape can also affect the choice of the elevator. Well is there in projection of beams and columns, and other structures, Wells road shape whether rules that will affect the effective area of well road. Overly complex wells road, smooth installation of the elevator would have a negative impact. We all know that due to the load-bearing, shaft road wall in the lower part and often high-rise section thickness. More to the top, well road wall's thickness is more thin. Such benefits first, you can reduce costs, and also can reduce the dead weight well road wall and on the basis of pressure, so there is a how to reduce the problem well road thickness. We often encounter from wells road, internal wall thickness reduction wells road, that is, well in size is changing, senior Department of wells road dimensions than the dimensions of the lower Office. This is the case, either because they do not understand the elevator installation, either in order to pursue further staircase Hall between tiers is a vertical continuous surface to achieve aesthetic purposes. Anyway, this will give the lift design and installation of additional trouble. In fact, if you are not so beautiful, because each layer-ladder Hall wall surface with its adjacent layers in the same vertical surfaces, stairs is not paid attention. So if, for the reasons given in appearance it is meaningless. But for Wells road within a different story, as well the change in size, had to install an elevator in multiple rail bracket. More importantly, if well road anterior (i.e., the side-staircase Hall) in well in direction changes, might bring greater trouble. As GB7588-1995 article "in 5.4.3.2 well road inner surface and cabin ground Ridge or cabin door frame or cabin door (door to sliding door means the most outer edge) horizontal distance between shall not be greater than 0.15m. "This lower well road when you meet with a thick-walled, national standard requirements to the top because however well road thickness in a directional wells road inside, causing the gaps smaller than national standard requirements. In this way, the most common remedy is equipped with protective NET. Anyway, have increased the difficulty of installing the elevator, also increases construction costs. Therefore, Wells road inner surface should ensure a continuous surface vertically, so that in the selection and installation of lifts is ideal. In addition, note the logging road area is not enough, you should select the kind of Elevator, consider corresponding wells road width, depth ratio. Generally speaking, the car's width and depth of large, passenger access lift is convenient, the car is beautiful, easy-to-decorate; on the contrary, to facilitate the transport of larger items (of course, the freight elevator, escalator, Elevator beds more should have its special cabin, Wells road shape). Therefore, Office building, Office building in front of elevator often choose one type and residential ladder because need often choose the latter type.
3 elevator shafts arrangement and structure
Elevator shafts arrangement and structure will also affect the configuration of the elevator, which in turn affect the whole of the traffic situation in buildings. If the same building is equipped with multiple wells road, then these shafts arrangement largely determine the elevator control. We all know, in order to improve the operating efficiency of Elevator, in setting more than one elevator is advised to use the control or group control. But if well road arrangement located potentially reduces lift operating efficiency, or simply unable to take control or group control these efficient control ways. For example, the same four wells road, opposite if side-by-side or, we can group control; if you back to arrange, then a maximum of 2 sets of control; if each separated by a distance or intermediate obstructions, I am afraid that we'll only be able to select a single control type. So then, Wells road arrangement on elevator choice configuration has to be ignored. So how should the elevator shaft road distribution? we believe to be possible to meet the building traffic flow needs. Generally, shafts should be as close as possible to a large flow of people. When set to set multiple elevators, consider using the control or group control, at this point, the distance between the well road should not be too large. Side-by-side arrangement of wells road distance does not exceed 8m, opposite arrangement should less than 6 m well road not suitable. Also, if you use more than one group charged with forms, side-by-side elevator number not more than 4, should consider adopting the opposite type of layout. At this point, the Office does not have a ladder posts etc but also bumps, avoid the elevator entrances and indentation.
Wells road structures are often the most overlooked. Well road structure on the elevator with optional effects mainly wells road strength meets the needs of the elevator. For pit bottom surface requirements bear force in GB7588-1995 Chapter 5 of note in the detailed calculations and Exposition design time can reference. In addition, there is a situation where many adjacent elevator to take common wells road, in the Middle-erecting steel well road rail bracket and barrier. Such benefits will undoubtedly be very apparent that not only reduces construction costs, reduces the pressure on the ground, but also can effectively reduce the elevator runs of piston effect. But in this series of interest, there is also a noticeable problems, this is the selection of the intermediate steel beams. Well road Middle-erecting steel beam are tasked with supporting Rails, its strength is able to guarantee that cannot be ignored. If insufficient strength of elevator steel beams at run time will occur larger fibrillation, resulting in increased vibration and noise of the elevator, and even safety clamp action is a security risk. If the building is completed, the intensity of the beam is insufficient and difficult to replace, then only the lower elevator rated speed and the load method to fill, but at the expense of transport capacity.
4-room and the Office of the ladder
Room location, dimensions can also affect elevator choice configuration. Room preferably well road above (except of course MRL), this room and the traction system force ideal, while room sufficiently effective area. The requirements for engine room area in GB7588-1995 's article 6.3.2.1 and GB10060-1993 of detailed in section 4.1.5. The main requirement is the maintenance of control cabinet space to guarantee enough. If the room size is too small, control cabinet no matter how placement is no guarantee that the control cabinet of space in line with national standards, then you can only expand room area or room built in multi-storied type, control cabinet is placed in the upper engine room, of course, the premise is that the room height high enough. In practice we also encounter this situation, sometimes room area and as well road, and cannot be extended, if you want to set the more layers, room height is insufficient. Finally had to sacrifice a service layer, the room down 1 layer, multi-layer structure, control cabinet installed in more and more layers, it is clear that this is the elevator at the expense of reducing the service layer.
Effective area in that room, also should ensure that the engine room to have sufficient height. As GB7588-1995 section 6.3.2.3 in elevator drive hosts rotating parts above should have not less than the vertical NET space 0.3m, room height depends on the selection of the elevator of the tractor and the total height of the installation components. Because the manufacturers have chosen traction machine, the design of the traction machine installation components are not the same, so it requires the height of the room also has some differences. This requires the design and construction in the engine room, you should give the reserve a sufficient lift height.
Of course, the engine room to host the elevator the traction system for dynamic loads, its intensity shall also be prefetch to guarantee. For room hosting requirements, the manufacturer will provide clear parameters for design.
-Staircase Hall on elevator configuration affects mainly reflected in the layout of the Office-ladder is reasonable. Hou staircase Hall itself as passengers waiting for the lift services, not only is the ladder provides sufficient space and should be able to enable people to easily understand the call of the elevator. Especially multiple control or group control of lift sharing-ladder Hall, this is especially important. Hou staircase Hall effect if exists in personnel action or understand the operation of the lift, this obstacle will definitely affect the efficiency of passenger access lift and may even lead to a control or group control. In addition, TNT Hall wells road side walls of the building structure would have on the elevator installation. At present, many wells road is a concrete structure, its interior must be reinforced. At design time, well road wall reinforcement often does not take into account the need for elevator installation. So in the elevator installation may cause trouble with reinforcement problem. For example, two adjacent wells road, where the interval wall and Hall door side well road intersection often set a concealed columns. If concealed columns very dense in the bar, and a brief distance from the wall surface, two elevators sharing button in the General and two Office locations in the middle of the door, you may receive when you install, call boxes and concealed columns reinforced interference. In practical engineering we encounter this situation, it is generally not possible to install call boxes and truncated concealed columns in the main bar, then you can only call box installed in the Office of departure from two doors Center location is not reinforced. But this "they must attack first" installation, will undoubtedly be on stand-by arrangement of beautiful staircase Hall.
These buildings on lift options configuration and installation possible effects on some views. To note that in building design is best able to pre-select the elevator, the reference to the requirements and elevator manufacturers, this opinion is the best. Of course, at present, China's construction market and elevator market, difficult first selected lift design, often on one side to erect a side selected lift, or even a tower was built after the elections to the elevator. This requires that in the absence of a clear choice of lift, in the design of buildings and the relevant part of the elevator, designers should reference a few representative of large elevator company to design of civil engineering samples. In order for the next elevator choice, configuration and installation of the building to pave the way to install corresponding elevator.