【 Weak current College 】 weak construction issues comprehensive analysis

Electronic engineering-building a comprehensive analysis of
Weak electricity system technology content is high, long construction period and process complex in the country belongs to the building, public security, and telecommunications, broadcasting, fire protection, electrical industries management category. Weak electricity industry technical specifications standards are not harmonized, the weak electricity system construction in many aspects of process, quality management and market access is also unsatisfactory, not qualified Integrator, engineering contractors and suppliers in the market, and weak current engineering related issues.
1. industry characteristics problems
Weak electricity system subsystems, technology involves the automatic control, communications, computers, electronics, sensors, mechanical and other areas, the existing system, some focus issues have yet to form a conclusion, it is worth learning from the experience of engineering construction; weak and few design in actual projects easily affected by other professional, unit personnel, often late in the project design to be fully expanded, resulting in design time, considered too late; project bidding behavior specification, System product arbitrarily changed, causing many waste designing work; construction and decoration lags, user requirements of inappropriate, not explicit, so that the designer did a lot of wasted effort; user features subject to change at any time, to design a lot of inconvenience.
2. technical standards
At present, some places such as Shanghai, Jiangsu and Shandong provinces have developed local design standards, Ministry of posts and telecommunications is also in the development of integrated wiring standard, but the entire power of the integrated system of industry standards or national standards have not yet formed. According to what criteria are designed to achieve the kind of grade and equipment standards, how to choose suitable for China's international technical standards, how to project quality assessment and acceptance of, these are weak integration market in pressing issues.
III. construction-issue
Many owners, government authorities, some grade-a design Institute, large-scale construction units, supervision units, engineering companies, are on the whole, weak current design mistakes on design program, process, content is not very clear, in the design of the "baton", designer-level differences between, design Division is also not reasonable; the use of technology, equipment, a lack of understanding of his condition, to engage in false propaganda, investment in construction, construction of intelligent building make unrealistic demands on intelligent systems to achieve the functions of the hearts of countless, showed a lot of randomness; some owners one-sided pursuit of technological advanced featured; otherwise some owners are seeking their own floor can wear a "smart" hat; in particular in the equipment or system integration often yield trends or casual bagao, cause the equipment and facilities are not properly, causing a great investment.
IV. quality management
Some systems integrators without receiving a valid qualification, "leading domestic and international advanced" flag, and contract projects, resulting in a nation-wide intelligent building design and construction of quality management control. There are many companies through various means, the intelligent building design certificate and smart construction general contractor certification, but their intelligent system does not understand, design and construction of intelligent system owners and devoured as soon as, some companies in the application, have engaged in intelligent strength, time, personnel turnover and that they do not have the condition.
5. market access
Our design units due to the effects of long-term planning, management and inflexible, compared with foreign countries in the world advanced technology gap, domestic intelligence architectural design market most foreign design units and integrators the occupation, coupled with the use of intelligent products in more than 90% are foreign products, making our country in this technology field long been abroad, paid a high price. Foreign intelligence products, a variety of standard or uniform, some manufacturers do not want to put communication formats and communication protocols, open, even if open, the open degree, content also tend to be restrictive. Furthermore, some devices cannot be reached or meet domestic fire and security requirements. More seriously, there is no practical measures to prevent non-compliant products to the domestic market.
6. design talent shortage
With the computer, communications, electric, and other aspects of professional knowledge, but also has extensive design experience and skill and a keen on new technology preview ability designers want; some weak current designers behind closed doors, serious reality and user needs, simply pursue a high standard, high scale, design the same, caused a lot of power engineering "acquired"; some weak current designers lack for expertise, leading many integrated system failed to achieve an integrated management, various subsystems are independent, self-contained, global event occurs, no formation system linkage with centralized solution events; some weak current designers design of the subsystem is not enough to open system upgrades, and network interconnection bring many difficult; some weak current designers ignore the equipment on the environment and the requirements of the operating conditions, resulting in device installation using the difficulties, or is left to the device security.
7. vendor issues
The vast majority of product designers only know their own scope is narrow professional technology, with the ability to set individual subsystems, the lack of the company's products and other subsystem interface networking expertise background and practical work experience; sometimes equipment supplier factory equipment even have not been rigorously tested and networking capacity test, sent to direct users to the construction site; the vast majority of equipment suppliers to send technical support engineers, professional skills, the actual work field, some people even the company's lead product core principle is also not clear.
VIII. Integrator question
Currently on the market is very weak integration company, the user can't figure out who exactly is engineering contractor or system integrator, or they are engineering contractor and system integrator, many systems integrators have the qualification does not have the strength of weak integration technology design, many system integrators that no qualifications and no weak integration technology design ability, many engineering contractor borrowing levels of qualification as a system integrator; GeneralThis kind of company they weak integration technology level is very low, even do not know how weak integration technology, they do not consider the compatibility between the subsystem and not consider subsystem integration later is safe and reliable operation, regardless of the system can meet user needs, hardly any modifications is copying someone else's weak integration design or equipment manufacturers to provide the individual subsystems simple stuffing, totally dependent on device manufacturers patchwork design, they offer of contract design or promotional use of technical information are copied in, often wrongly tagged crap jokes; perhaps because industry technical specifications standards are not harmonized at the same time the lack of site construction experience, some formal industry Design Institute provides integrated planning and design of weak, weak integration programme design and detailed design of construction plans have very poor usability operability, even full and deviations from the actual construction of environmental conditions.
9. engineering problems
Qualification of poor or no qualifications of contractor let users caught off guard, such companies often courageous especially large, they dare to take someone else's achievement imposter, they played under the banner of brand-name enterprises subsidiaries (in fact, is completely detached or is linked or not at all) and brand-name corporations as the backing, beautiful buildings, luxury car and warm hospitality very deceptive, examine the bidding to false in the technology and financial strength to deceive users, one for the unit; "trilateral project, project engineering and rubbish banlazi; advance funds in full cry, subcontract work with leather to make money. "This is the kind of engineering contractor's greatest features, they violate the" first reconnaissance design after a first design construction "weak integration system construction principles, after obtaining the contract and advance payment, edge design, construction, exploration, wrong again, changed to an error, user testing, deceiving users don't understand the technical service, repair, rework and constantly be duration again; poor or no qualification qualification of engineering contractor enterprise instability, there is no perfect business management system, staff like merry-go-round amongst, flow especially large, the company did not complete engineering technology archives, technology with mobility and erosion; engineering contractor in construction technology team is a group of no practical experience of novice who lack professional theoretical basics and understand English technical specifications, most of them do not recognize the instrumentation equipment terminal symbols IN, OUT, RF, SPEAKER, MIC, AUDIO, VIDEO, wired terminal connectors do not short circuit, the virtual welding, then circuit breaker, electrical contact bad and wrong device interface dire consequences is burning equipment and system failure is extremely difficult to isolate the cause of the malfunction, the fundamental tone is not even out of the system function, users huge amounts of investment building weak electricity system into banlazi engineering, solid waste project or display works; a certain engineering contractors although performance highlights famous, but because of the talent, technology and technology for the discontinued and cannot be torn to provide good quality service, in the face of user weak electricity system appears serious fault or capacity expansion of the user, and frustration.
10. construction organization confusion
As a result of administrative management and the impact of the traditional habit, divided by professional construction units too small and too much actual work is difficult to coordinate. Frequent who advanced field construction, who accounted for convenient locations, or even use other system reserved hole, resulting in subsequent works construction difficulty does not solve the professional equipment and construction of the pipeline.
11. user management awareness issues
Extensive use of high-tech light current system, it is the human-machine interaction with, and the combined effect of embodiment, the quality requirements for management personnel. But on the one hand, the weak management personnel on system and lack of understanding of the equipment, operational skills, so that the system cannot play running efficiency. On the other hand, the owners of the importance of the management or lack of awareness, there is no provision for management personnel with the necessary working conditions.
12. subsystem interface problem
Intelligent system, widespread such as buildings, machinery and electrical equipment-control system controller and the managed device between mutual control, fire control systems and security information sharing between systems, fire protection systems and fire-fighting devices linked control, security subsystems of auto alarm linkage, various management information resource network of the Internet, this mutual relationship can be summarized in two categories, namely, device and equipment or system and the hardware connections between devices, systems and system software, the Internet, they all need to own "interface" interface for processing, in order to run, it is a good grasp of the systems engineering success key point, is a systems engineering technical difficulties. But often because the system requirements are not clear and the technical rules are not harmonized, the contractor does not explicitly between interface and their prevarication, technology is not mature or technology is not feasible, the actual operation with no guarantee of results, the system combined with the name only.
13. price misunderstanding problems
The price is a powerful weapon. But the price of this weapon is a double-edged sword, and when you will not use it correctly, it tends to hurt yourself. Therefore, in the project quotation on how to determine a reasonable price is an important factor in the success of the project. A reasonable price on both sides, is crucial. Quality of service, technical support, and systems integration company with a good level, its human resources costs, technology development costs and management costs are high; the quality of service, technical support, and system integration levels poor company, its human resources costs, technology development costs and management costs are much lower than the former; indeed a dime what you pay for, but not always good value, a trap. We all know the hardware prices relatively easy to master, but construct an intelligent systems are not just buying hardware, but the purchase of services, technical support, systems integration, project management skills and coordination capacity of the complex. Recommended party on prices to fully understand and realize that some work is more important than the hardware prices.
14. a and b work duties interface
Party a party b to delegate implementation of the intelligent construction. In the cooperation between the two sides, there are a lot of party a party b can not be clear in the construction process of the roles and responsibilities, from the beginning of the project, resulting in the entire project, do not know what the problem is the system driveThe critical success factors. In the user is God "slogan, the Party of the request anyway are reasonable. Especially in the highly competitive today, manufacturers and contractors units can be offered to the user, the owner also seem to mind, as long as the request. But often backfires, party a has made a substantial investment, found that the system does not meet the objectives of the initial assumption, particularly in the originally envisaged higher instances, user last there is always a kind of feeling, that doubt should be on such a system, the choice of equipment does not meet requirements. In fact there are a number of system failure, the user can determine the cause of the main reasons for failure. System failure are often due to a variety of factors, in General, the presence of party b's responsibility, as well as the responsibility of the party. This is a "work interface protocol" issue, the two sides work interface protocol compatibility not good is not the Party of the intended objectives, the system failed. Recommended party a party b to select the "third party agreement" technology consulting company, acts as a "connection agreements" to address the interface compatibility issues. The owner cannot delegate the task, and content used to clearly defined, first of all because the Party on intelligent systems engineering lack a full understanding, including device configuration, project organization, effort estimation, technical difficulties in the overview. While the party a party b because demand is not comprehensive enough to understand the details, as well as its own factor for market competition considerations, on the project issues that may arise or to make a detailed description. Therefore, the project started on the project to understand the differences have emerged. Party in the know, often overestimated at the current stage of technology could lead to the goal, as well as certain investment strength can only achieve a limited objective. So, party a party b to determine a realistic, limited objectives, this is the basis for project success. To avoid the completion of the works, the two sides don't know whether the system has reached the intended objective. Parties to the system make clear targets should not be used in the creation of integrated information processing system, "" achieve communications Automation "is too abstract terms to define the objectives of both parties. System target definition, should be provided by the owner. But if you don't know the party system, preferably by a third-party technology consultants company together with the owner to complete the work. In the construction process, and technology consultant company assisting with stage acceptance, project coordination, and other tasks on the system to monitor the overall progress of the implementation. In their system design, system profiles do not know of circumstances, do not listen to "turnkey" projects such as the argument. Because in the end you don't know to what the key was opened.
15. "super" phenomenon serious
With a flea power construction project can have multiple design options, not just engineering cost low, not high, but the feature really cost ratio high. China's existing design fee is calculated as a percentage of the total investment, the higher the cost, fees are more driven by the pursuit of some designers, ignoring the interests of the construction unit, this is a budget-budget estimates, budget and final accounts to the hyper-budget "ultra" in the root. "Super" phenomenon seriously plagued project investment management, according to a large number of instances of statistics, investment decision-making to the end of the preliminary design stage the extent of the impact project cost about 75%, construction drawing design end to the project completion stage effects around 5 ~ 10%, so users get investment management should first start from source control, through a third party consultant company to design Institute of planning and design work and survey design, and implement the necessary supervision and assessment.
16, engineering supervision issues
In the country engineering supervision departments currently mainly Design Institute, at the same time it is also the main sectors of weak design. The Design Institute is a non-profit organization, is to profit for the purpose of economic entities, he has integrated design qualification, essence is the Integrator, they shall be the user do the planning and design, and overall design, as well as detailed user do system design, system design, system expansion and perfect design. Design supervision integrators, guidance accreditation system integrator on the detailed design, system design, system expansion modified perfect design, user satisfaction; and Design Institute of supervision and engineering contractor construction quality, coordinating the weak and the civil and other professional relationship, users rest assured. As for the Design Institute of work, especially in their planning and overall design, who will supervise the management, the user. The Design Institute is engineering supervision departments, that is the designer and the supervision of the Manager, their supervision and control of their own, the user is not assured. Investment decisions (planning and design) to the end of the preliminary design stage, the extent of the impact project cost about 75% of users even investment sources are caught, but also on the investment management and control "super" is a kind of sad. In fact, users do not know, the Institute is also very reluctantly, engineering supervision, supervision when very hard. System integration is the rise of the 80 's a new thing, is the product of different manufacturers, organic combination involves a large number of high technology and industrial design of electronic hardware and software, is the production and development process. Although part of the category Design Institute, the commodity economy and European and American design construction system of shock, to keep up with the pace of development, but most of the Design Institute in mastering and using the latest technology in the world, business management, design engineering experience of apparent defects, etc. By lack of work experience who acted as project supervisor, worrying.
17, tender problems
1. false tender phenomenon is widespread: many public tender is known as the bidding for the formality only false tender, tender process is not just nor serious, yet tender opening to reveal bidding, bidder prior has slate, even post-tender several days before the bidder got all the other companies participating in the competition of design.
2. Project tender review rough: from integrators qualification assessment, engineering qualification assessment, financial strength assessment, project performance review, design capability assessment, construction organization capacity assessment, installation and commissioning capability assessment, planning, design validation, software and hardware configuration of a technical review, hardware and software configuration of Economics review until construction process, as well as integrated system reliability, availability and expandability of accreditation, which is rigorous, accurate and detailed, meticulous and scientific workCheng, but implementation is sloppy, concrete expression to the following. A tender evaluation period is short, detailed assessment there is no adequate time for review; the second tender evaluation committee missing from electronic engineering, know and understand the engineering design, equipment installation and debugging, but also understand the project management of advanced electronic engineering experts, the current evaluation experts not knowledgeable but lack experience in engineering practice, is skilled and theoretical levels are high but their knowledge is too narrow, or while the famous authoritative but knowledge obsolete don't know IT's new technology, or understand project management but not understand engineering design nor understand equipment installation and debugging; the third is the detailed design of the system, the assessment process is missing tracking-simulation design links; the fourth is the Integrator and project developers of project performance assessment process is missing tracking, site visits and detailed interviews survey link; the fifth is for integrators and project developers of real qualification levels, financial strength, installation and debugging capabilities, design, construction, installation, commissioning and after-sales service quality, the appraisal process is missing tracking, site visits and detailed interviews and surveys.
3. user evaluation experts: around yet bid opening and evaluation, assessment experts was informed that the user has a good successful company, slate because evaluation experts are user please for the user services, experts had to respect the wishes of the user, and as a result, bidding to become known as the bidding for the formality only false tender.
18, user awareness of the lack of self protection
1, overly dependent on tender: with tender while the ability to select out of the performance is good and tender writing is also good, from the formal point of view are qualified contractors and system integrators, some companies really true. But many companies are not ideal, just yesterday, just formal qualified and not really qualified, they used to have a number of outstanding integration architect, excellent software and hardware developers, better construction team, but in recent years, technology has completely drain the discontinued serious, design, development and construction, and other technical advantages already exists in name only. Such companies only rely on third party engineering consulting company's tracking, site visits and detailed interviews and survey work to identify it. Yesterday's brilliant zhongbiao branch company, for the users, like swallowing ingest of flies.
2, too believe that the contract binding: most systems integrators also and engineering contractor, is the rise of the 80 's, a service provider that he does not directly engage in hardware and software production and development, and is active in between users and manufacturers, according to the needs of the design system-building programmes, to choose between different manufacturers combination to their skills and experience for the user to build a suitable system, and to bear on the user's training and tracking service. Weak integration system involves many high-technology systems detailed design, construction management, equipment installation and commissioning, the system modifies the extended design, category Design Institute experts, research institutes, academics and tender evaluation Committee experts far behind Integrator and engineering contractor. No matter the owners user contract terms looks strictly on their more favourable, but when disputes arise, Integrator and engineering contractor will never be able to circumvent responsibility becomes negative into positive, suffer forever is the owner user, even if the midway tearing up the contract, an advance of bet on capital preservation, maybe a slight surplus.
3, too believe that the successful tenderer's verbal commitments: user building underfunded, or construction funds short-term cannot be put in place, construction funds while adequate but prepare to move it with constructions, and also in a hurry, Integrator and engineering contractor to finance part of the funds, and the qualification of the poor or no qualifications and no qualification engineering contractor without weak integration design ability of integrators, have claimed to have advance financial strength, but generally only oral commitment not to implement the terms of the contract, because they simply do not have this strength, its sole purpose is to grab the label. At this point, the user that chicken eggs, capital form to complete, do you not know that you have fallen into complacency rival layout trap, sowing the yourself "trilateral project, banlazi engineering and rubbish project" seeds.
4. do not pay attention to the engineering consulting company: the desire to save money, contrary to their wishes, I wonder how much wrong, how many additional fees, the amounts of the sums into the water, hear ringing. Devoured hard return for result, watched the "first-class planning investment, second construction management, three stream system that does not use the" step by step evolution, but back to the days without surgery and repent.