【 Weak current College 】 mechanical engineering construction site coordination and control (4)

25-2-5 lighting engineering construction site coordination and control

25-2-5-1 construction content overview

Residential Interior bedroom, living room with a fluorescent lamp; kitchen, bathroom with incandescent lamps; column outdoor garden lights. Office building, Office, school indoor use fluorescent lamps; washroom，bathroom with incandescent lamps; Lighting outdoor General incandescent lamp. Factory lighting indoor, outdoor, replacing with metal halide lamps of high pressure mercury lamps and halogen lamps. Airports, ports, railway stations for indoor use fluorescent lamps; outdoor use high pressure sodium or metal halide lamps. Commercial areas with various shops, restaurants, five-star hotel, a variety of lamps, incandescent, fluorescent, metal halide lamps, low-voltage halogen lamps, neon lights, etc. Neon neon currently used plastic to replace glass neon lights, for lighting, signs advertising lighting, decorative lighting, decorative lighting can be used underwater. Night lighting on buildings shape spot enhanced lighting three-dimensional projection; prominent architectural outlines the contours of the image; use of lighting intensity lighting performance dynamic dynamic lighting; the use of optical fibre for luminescence of decorative lighting that self-luminous lighting; fire alarm is used for emergency lighting and emergency lights, safety lights, evacuation exit indicator lights, evacuation lighting. In addition to the lighting, special occasion was also used explosion-proof, dust-proof, moisture-proof and waterproof lighting. Lighting variety, using the site, installation, only the strengthening of the understanding of the lighting in order to facilitate the installation of lighting lamps.

25-2-5-2 construction site coordination points

1. lighting engineering construction and civil engineering construction with structural engineering

(1) cooperate with the civil construction to construction drawings for reserved hole, embedded iron; determine box (carton) specification, according to box (carton) geometry creation box (carton). The box (carton) set can be made of wood or steel plate production above 3mm. General wood set box (carton) can only be used once, consumables, non-economic; and made of steel plate Pack (box) with the structural floor watering after the expiration of the concrete casting, down with floor rise after repeated use.

(2) reserved boxes (boxes) of elevation, coordinates the hole should be consistent with the construction requirements, while looking for construction-and-drop line staff confirm that building a datum point and then locate and prevent a datum point is not found on the wrong line, resulting rework modify holes and other consequences.

(3) pursuant to the construction drawing Groove geometry size, elevation, coordinates determine floors, wall holes dressed. Its hole wall and the outer edge of the area surrounding the gap between 20 ~ 30mm suitable.

(4) hanging bracket embedded iron, based on construction drawings to identify the supply trunking to the ends of the route, determine the coordinates of the location, embedded, amount of space between the rail pieces burying floor or wall construction with reinforced fastening. Embedded iron wall embedded, its iron surface should be the inner wall. Embedded embedded iron roof, its iron surface should be flush with the top panel the following. In reinforced on embedded iron binding should be firm, watering concrete before send check and found that the skew of the embedded iron should be adjusted, then please civil professional watering concrete.

(5) Dim piping construction basis construction drawings, box (carton) starting point and end point locations, find out the main pipe and tube routes, based on construction set benchmark, measuring, wire cutting pipe.

(6) in the floor in the tubing and should be in the middle of the upper and lower layer reinforced through. When the pipeline more, such as fire alarm pipeline, weak lines overlap occurs, should promptly find the professional in charge of coordination, to stagger the location to prevent overlapping higher floor thickness after. Tubing, tube and box (carton) should be binding.

(7) in the wall reinforced in piping, you should be aware of the tube and pipe, tube and boxes (boxes) firmly fixed, the key is a variety of switch boxes, elevation, the coordinates should be consistent with existing national standards for construction and acceptance.

2. and civil engineering construction decoration project

(1) check-box (carton) hole size, elevation, coordinates, position, whether high or low offset, elevation, skew, identify problems promptly fixed.

(2) check the embedded iron elevation, coordinates, spacing meets the design requirements. Discover inaccurate, location, elevation, distance offset does not meet the requirement should be fixed.

(3) check the concealed pipeline, Gordon found barrier or omission, timely find patched together civil professional.

(4) check the lamp cartridge, switch boxes, outlet boxes, socket box, lighting, power distribution box, box (carton) receives whether flat or has not done their mouths shut, should promptly seek civil professional assistance box (carton) trim.

(5) indoor ceiling lamp should be installed on burying ceiling construction. First painted ceiling sectional figure, determine lighting, air vents, smoke detectors, sprinkler head position, then press order construction.

(6) indoor ceiling for detail adjustments straight and flat, the professional should keep burying ceiling adjustments will adjust their respective devices.

(7) submerged lighting needs to be embedded in the ceiling light steel keel, consider loading the find civil professional coordination research solutions.

(8) the aisle ceiling luminaires installed under diving, since the ceiling from the roof of a narrow space, ventilation pipes to occupy space, fire sprinkler head, smoke detector, drainage pipes, condensation water pipes, pipe crowded together, create difficulties for the installed lamp. Therefore, in the aisle of the pipeline more local, should keep up to date with the professional coordination work, handle the aisle space arrangement.

(9) the roof or external cornice installation neon, neon signs should be considered by the wind. Fixed neon signs, and should not undermine external cornice decoration; roof construction should not undermine waterproofing layer.

(10) outdoor lawn in landscape lighting construction, excavation line Groove, with garden and construction personnel coordination. Learn about plants and trees grown in shape location to prevent lamp installation phaseTouch impact construction. At the same time should also be aware of planting soil humus soil thickness, excavation, humus soil cannot be turned over to the following, otherwise the following planting soil health can affect the results. The backfill soil also when raw, humus soil back in the top soil health, ensure the growth of plants and trees are not affected.

(11) within the music fountain, swimming pool with underwater plastic neon light, the main installation of burying making music fountain or swimming pool structure is embedded with waterstop wings of steel casing, according to the civil construction waterproof treatment plastering and waterproof fabrication process, consider the reserve reach out in wall casing on both ends. A pipe and casing between gap sealing oil flax twine, and then use asphalt sealing paste. Wire use waterproof plugging conductor of sheath-type, and a pipe between the same method. Pool's overall waterproof construction completed by construction.

(12) Garden ground landscape lighting installation should be based on construction drawings to determine floors lamp power supply to the end of the beginning, the light bit coordinates, coordination with the construction of the ground surface, such as some tile, paving stone. Therefore you must understand the cushion of thickness and surface material thickness, determine floors lamps of the upper surface of the cover and the ground floor-leveling of dimension, and then dig trench pipelines located in concealed to light. Lamp is located under the lamp dimensions masonry wall, tank mounted waterproof, damp-proof, non-pressure fittings. The entire electrical lighting construction process should work closely with construction professional.

(13) flood lights landscape lighting installation should be based on construction drawings to determine lighting power in and out of line location, lighting installation location, the laying of the way generally use the buried pipeline, lighting installation has the floor type, frame type and vertical rod, etc. To complete the construction and civil engineering tasks requires coordination, pavement ditching chamfer, backfill and other work by civil construction, pipe laying assistance and lighting installation by electrical construction personnel to complete.

25-2-5-3 construction site control focus

(1) lighting engineering construction drawing examination:

1) audit lighting construction drawings by have the legal qualification of design unit design, confirm construction drawings to be used effectively.

2) according to the lighting construction drawings, architectural decoration construction drawing review various professional pipeline focused parts, such as the rooms, corridors, Office building, Office, see pipeline toward, lamps installed in any collision and civil structures, wall material, thickness, ceiling from the roof dimensions, surface practices, etc.

3) carefully reading lighting construction plans and the related specialty construction drawings, construction plans in question is found, set summary, list of sites that offer design units, organization design gives the low-down, mapping problem solution file, to be checked to confirm, and prompt for design changes.

(2) lighting project construction organization plan audit:

1) key audit lighting electricity distribution box (Cabinet), switching circuit current capacity, overload, over current and short circuit, Earth, and other protection devices are complete.

2) lighting line wire and cable section, current meets lighting electricity consumption demand, after accounting for the non-compliant, InCharge design change negotiation procedures.

3) understand the landscape lighting in the building, outdoor, consists of several parts, which are the major unit construction, informed, ease of construction management.

4) lighting engineering construction materials, processing orders, workforce scheduling, construction and civil engineering progress plan should always correspond to the construction schedule to ensure that the overall duration progresses smoothly conclusion.

(3) lighting engineering technology gives the low-down, according to the lighting floor plans, general lighting technology practices; focus on special luminaires, such as heavy, bulky Interior lamps, a separate programme for construction and installation, ensure that lighting installation of security and functionality.

(4) due to the large public buildings, indoor and outdoor lighting variety, quantity, and need assistance in decoration construction units to investigate selection, determine manufacturers, processing date and arrival date.

(5) delivery to the scene lighting lamps, construction, supervision, construction unit, the manufacturer of the Quartet together out of the box, check the lamps look no collision damage, all kinds of accessories are complete, requires earthing terminal lamp complies with the requirements. Lamps of specifications, installation, quantity, and so meets the design requirements and provisions. Confirm that all qualified lighting, for handover procedures.

25-2-6 lightning engineering construction site coordination and control

25-2-6-1 construction content overview

Lightning protection and earthing project mainly on lightning protection installations include jieshan Qi, down lead, earthing, overvoltage protectors and other connection conductors such as construction.

(1) lightning belt (line) is surrounded by a parapet roofs or roof slope roof, roof-mounted on jieshan Qi with metal bands or wires, after down lead is connected with the building Foundation reinforcement or with custom connected with the Earth grounding device connected to achieve lightning.

(2) lightning network refers to the use of reinforced concrete structure reinforcement mesh in the roof, or in the entire roof laying 20m×20m and 24m×16m of galvanized flat steel for dark laying, reach the purpose of avoiding lightning roof, the roof surface of various metal objects should and lightning network and is connected to the grounding.

(3) lightning rod is jieshan Qi, generally used for chimney top, top, high water tower out of the roof top, metal components for overhead lines at the top of the tower or rod. Lightning rod with the adjoining down lead to the formation of ground equipment, connectivity to lightning as a whole.

(4) down lead is the use of the structure column in steel or galvanized flat steel, jieshan Qi (lightning belt or cable, lightning, lightning and metal framing, etc.), and grounding connection that compose the grounding pathways.

(5) grounding device by grounding and grounding Chin line, grounding is divided into natural grounding and artificial grounding. SinceSo grounding the basis for the general use of buildings, the pile rebar reinforced, Bar Foundation, do the grounding bars. Artificial grounding is based on the need to use metal material such as copper rod or copper plate (band), galvanized round steel, galvanized steel pipe, galvanized flat steel, making artificial grounding, as lightning current by jieshan Qi, cited the following line into the ground.

To sum up, according to the importance of the building, the use of nature, the probability of lightning incidents occurred and the consequences, determine the categories of buildings, construction drawing design, construction units based on design requirements and provisions for construction.

25-2-6-2 construction site coordination points

1. the basic engineering and civil engineering construction

(1) the pit bottom deep base (base), the basis for construction drawing design requirements in the foundation soil, laying 20m×20m grounding grid, using the hot-dip galvanized flat steel 60mm×150mm, buried deep in the human Earth, Groove width 300mm 300mm, Groove is delicious and slope 400mm. With civil Professional with dig trenches, Groove bottom cleaning, backfill, tamp, compactness, inspection, etc. Electrical professionals responsible for flat laying construction.

(2) the Foundation pit bottom (trough) to rock, the basis for construction drawing design requirements in buildings surrounding cover rock layers of soil layer artificial grounding. Laying by civil la bolt professionals meet the buried the grounding, and in soils by electrical professional builders, grounding galvanized flat steel or copper belt, even as a whole and connectedness with the buildings surrounding rebar.

(3) the use of prefabricated reinforced concrete pile, steel pipe piles, piles made grounding, with civil construction professionals. Electrical professionals make use of the site leads to grounding bars, should be responsible for the civil structure of the professional staff to assist in handling, not privately tick chisel welding on steel piles, shall coordinate the programmes before construction.

(4) weeks ring type horizontal ground equipment construction, excavation and building construction burying Groove, Groove along the construction of the outermost timely installation of galvanized flat steel, flat steel with galvanized 40mm×4mm, while assisting the construction of civil backfill. Industrial plant piping with week circle grounding into the whole into a pathway that constitute the equalizing NET, which reduces the good step voltage. Week ring type horizontal grounding should be building up the whole into a beam, creating an overall grounding device.

(5) the construction of artificial grounding device by civil suit when you dig trenches, backfill, tamping. When the soil resistivity higher than 105 Ω · cm at the ground surrounding the soil resistivity high into the soil resistivity is low, such as humus more sandy soil, Earth, black and other salary. The resistivity measurement is not qualified, you can use chemical treatment methods salt processing, resistance-reducing agent processing method of reducing soil resistance. For soil or implement chemical method of reducing soil resistance, and civil construction, electrical professionals responsible for the construction of artificial grounding device.

2. construction and civil engineering structures with

(1) the use of a waterproof floor reinforced or deep foundation construction do grounding, burying floor reinforced or deep foundation construction with reinforced fastening, electrical professionals based lightning construction icons out of pin-coordinate location backplane lapped welding fine then not less than 2 at the bottom of the main root column and base plate reinforcements lapped welding fine, clear skin of welded joints of drug, time implicit checkout records.

(2) a waterproof layer of outer the reinforced waterproof bottom plate and the settings of the grounding line connected to the flat construction, electrical professionals to meet civil construction floor reinforced binding and binding good floor reinforced main bars and structure columns to do mine down lead of main reinforcement phase welding, design requirements and regulations. At the same time, in the bottom perimeter do artificial grounding and artificial grounding link to ± 0 cent ready. When the structure column exposed ± 0 ground, construction not backfill building excavation, from ground 0.8 ~ 1.0m Department, will be thrown by the grounding of the flat steel and structural pillar phase after welding, the basis for joint design requirements of the position, all connected welding fine, after passing through implicit check record.

(3) the use of column-pile foundation do lightning very, electrical professional construction staff with civil engineering column-pile reinforced fastening construction, independent of main reinforcement of pile foundations column exceeds 4 root, only four piles of main reinforcement of connected welding fine, this column-pile to do mine ground electrode. Structure is completed after the grounding resistance test point test, meet the design requirements for the grounding resistance value. If you are not up to the grounding resistance values called, plus auxiliary artificial ground electrode and column reserved for earthing connection plates overlap welding fine, to meet the requirements for the grounding resistance values.

(4) down lead with civil engineering structure column construction, based on construction drawings of down lead specific point, immediately following the civil structure columns reinforced fastening, down lead position with a stop sign, until the building Cap. At the same time, setting aside and down lead connected location so that other professional use down lead as lightning. Should be timely and relevant professional coordination do reserve mine-the leader programme.

(5) the construction of the grading rings were higher than in building construction, using the above parts 30m structure ring beam main bars or lumbar muscle lap welding ring of grading rings and cylinder down lead all lap welding firm. Can also be used galvanized flat steel or galvanized round steel ring beam along the building concealed inside a circle, and column down lead all lap welding firm. Grading rings before construction, shall promptly convene a Committee to address the metal door and window, various metal objects such as metal railing, glass curtain wall metal frame Thunder embedded iron, reserved pinouts, embedded iron coordinates of dimensions, expressly which professional tie construction Division is responsible for determining the construction programme,.

(6) the roof concealed lightning network construction should be based on the provisions for construction drawing design, you should consider before construction of civil engineering pavement thickness, heat insulation layer and waterproof layer approach and thickness, coordinated programme, combined with civil engineering insulation construction, lightning network concealed in the middle of insulation, fastened to prevent water quality processes, impact. At the same time, lightning protection and grounding device down lead into a whole earth connection.

> Note: here the downlead lightning network and the use of reinforced structures constitute cagetype with no longer narrative.

(7) building top lightning belt (line) of construction. If the flat roof buildings surrounding eaves corner, with lightning belt (wire) and down lead phase lap welding in prison; the top is surrounded by a parapet on the design requirements, with the construction of masonry wall, down lead thrown, parapet masonry and plaster finishes, do stand and lightning belt or cable, and the various points thrown down lead, with lightning belt or cable are lap welding firm.

3. the renovation works and civil engineering construction

(1) construction in doors and Windows, iron ladder installation, electrical professionals guide the construction of doors and Windows, iron ladder, installation, and grading rings Department reserved phase lap welding of wire, and quality control, qualified, fill out the implicit check records, before allowing civil construction for the next procedure.

(2) roof highlights, such as a metal pole, metal air pipe, metal gutter, the anthem, ladder, cooling towers, all kinds of metal pipes, television satellite antenna, etc all metal conductors, membership of a professional project, which should meet the electrical profession professional builders, metal objects and throw out down lead wire-bonding and firm. At the same time, it should be noted that construction does not allow the destruction of civil construction waterproof membranes, roofing or walls, if worn, promptly notify the civil remedy.

(3) reinforced concrete in high-rise buildings, construction drawing design requirements, various metal pipe pressure and voltage-construction at various professional construction personnel cooperate with each other, and to protect the Earth wire and pipes and various other pipe connection interface, welding or card received and should be consistent with existing national standards and norms.

25-2-6-3 construction site control focus

(1) lightning engineering construction drawing examination:

1) audit lighting construction drawings by have the legal qualification of design unit design, confirm construction drawings to be used effectively.

2) based on the construction plan of Thunder and design description, the practice of the lightning protection and earthing and grounding resistance values, to learn more about the distribution and location of the various equipment room, determine work grounding and protection earthing and grounding electronic room on the special requirements.

3) carefully read lightning construction drawings, found the problem, listing the problems set summary of content and sites, provide design units, organization design gives the low-down, mapping problem solution file, to be checked to confirm, and prompt for design changes.

(2) Thunder project construction organization plan audit:

1) key audit lightning protection equipment, including jieshan Qi, down lead, earthing, electrical protective devices and other connecting conductor total connections project technology program.

2) focus on audit and other potential construction practices and construction process.

3) understand it has special requirements and practices of computer lab site, need to be anti-static floor room, you will need to install lightning over-voltage protection sites, how to tie in with the various professional, be aware of.

4) to develop lightning engineering construction materials, processing orders, workforce scheduling, construction schedules, the scheme should be civil total corresponds to the construction schedule to ensure that the overall duration progresses smoothly conclusion.

(3) Thunder project technology gives the low-down, Thunder construction drawings and existing national standards and norms, on lap conductor cross-section, lap times, welding, the welding quality requirements are multiples, and other related construction method, clear accountability to the operations staff, in a strict post, mutual seizure, handover, well hidden buried parts inspection records.

(4) lightning protection and earthing material into the site, subject to a stringent inspection, in particular on galvanized material, and if the zinc coating is seriously damaged, do not meet the requirements of the product do not allow into one site. Lightning conductor cross section of Earth wire used and the colour code, you must comply with the relevant norms.