【 Weak current College 】 modern residential programmes of intelligent emergency lighting

According to the modern House of emergency lighting requirements, against fire and other emergency situations, in compliance with fire safety norms, presents an intelligent solution for emergency lighting, light source selection, power supply scheme choice and control options on systems and screening, and ultimately determine the applicable to modern residential smart emergency lighting scenarios.
Keywords residential intelligent fire emergency lighting programme
Modern intelligent or multi-function building already implement building automation (ba), Office Automation (oa), security automation (sa) system, which includes fire control systems and emergency lighting in emergency situations to be able to provide assurances of intelligent subsystems, applications based on intelligent, can propose a modern residential smart emergency lighting system.
Modern residential fire emergency lighting including lighting and lighting evacuation signs, whose role is to fire occurs can provide lighting and evacuation guidance that enables people to safely evacuate the hazardous area or building, and the fire of alternative stops

Only work in normal lighting provides illumination guarantees to ensure that the important place of work to continue. Emergency lighting settings in the architectural design fire protection standard and the high civil building design fire protection standard code provisions are clear, fire norms in constraint is mandatory, all modern residential project design must conform to the specifications. And we want to discuss that with the development of science and technology, new products in emerging and smart solutions to changing, traditional design programme should be continuously updated to meet new product, new technology, based on these, the author only from the following aspects of modern residential smart programme for emergency lighting.
1 reasonable choice common light source
Residential lighting requirements have good lighting environment — the photometric and colorimetric properties desirable; brightness distribution reasonable; vision and comfort. At the same time, consideration should be given to the rational use of resources and energy conservation, fully taking into account economic, attractive, safe, secure, easy to apply, easy to maintain, and other factors.
(1) emergency lighting in general do not select the incandescent lamp, it is because of its short life, luminous efficiency low, it is recommended that you use only the ignition time is short, the switching frequency. For example, do not often someone fire equipment rooms, or other light sources do not meet the requirements of the workplace;
(2) fluorescent lamp as a color index is high, long life, energy saving and efficient light sources, it is recommended that you do not affect nearby electronic devices to work, meet environmental requirements and decorations, as the preferred light source;
(3) Although the new high-efficiency energy-saving lamps, energy-efficient and long service life, color index is high, but its expensive, it is recommended that you use only in place long-term continuous lighting;
(4) when you use a light sources do not meet the requirements of light and color, you can use a variety of mixed light. In addition, residential electrical lighting should distinguish between colours and reasonable choice of the color of the light source.
2 Select a power scheme
Intelligent emergency lighting scheme in select supply scheme, based on different criteria and needs. In General, conditions permitting, emergency lighting will take into account the time of its power supply redundant, according to the fire code requirements and load situations, by matching batteries to meet the requirements for life.
(1) to allow single-supply emergency lighting system, you can use Figure 1 power supply system;
(2) the need for dual supply of emergency lighting system, you can use the power supply system in Figure 2.
3 select the emergency lighting control
Fire fire codes require electrical equipment including emergency lighting should be used in a separate power supply circuits; primary and secondary fire electrical equipment should be used for dual supply. However, because the power supply sector industry management reasons, the vast majority of buildings in order to obtain from the municipal two reliable independent power nearly impossible, therefore, a number of large and medium-sized buildings and important buildings for fire-fighting equipment, load, usually need to set the generator as a self-contained emergency power supply.
Because the generator starts and the latency transmission exists and, if necessary, can also be used as a secondary back-up power batteries. Fire emergency lighting load only the small and medium-sized buildings, usually use batteries as the vast majority of emergency power supply, in the past, in the installation of each lamp and a charger, inverter and batteries, this one-time investment is relatively rare, but emergency power decentralized maintenance workload placed, and very difficult, if not timely or improper maintenance, will substantially shorten the battery life, and resulting maintenance costs, while at the same time, the reliability of the system is also difficult to maintain.
Recently, there have been some manufacturers develop and produce a new centralized supply of static AC uninterrupted emergency power supply. It is a set of chargers, inverters and batteries and the control unit of the power unit, as an alternate emergency power supply system. This type of emergency power supply capable of implementation can be monitored, it can own a RS-232 interface, the signal sent to the computer monitor, according to the normal power supply for operation to control the input of the emergency power supply and removal, depending on the battery control battery charge and discharge, when their own failure to issue a warning signal. This power supply while the one-time investment is high, but it significantly reduces maintenance costs and workload, but also guarantees the reliability of the system work.
Emergency lighting control, for example, "", "decentralized control, centralized control, fire control, lighting their own control. If the control mode selected improperly or though the design of control mode to meet fire protection requirements, but will not be able to meet the needs of users, so that the user change the control mode, the result will not be able to meet fire protection requirements, and breaches. In addition, the non-fire situations when the power cut, not only to do with battery backup power for emergency lighting, so as not to appear in the battery runs out of battery or power supply is not yet functioning power fire occurred, emergency lighting will not be able to guarantee the safe evacuation of staff. Therefore, a reasonable choice for emergency lighting control is very important.
3.1 "control mode
This approach generally does not need to control the connection of simple, but a waste of energy, to shorten the service life of light source, suitable for small power lights evacuation signs and no natural light and often someone over or through the sites and emergency lighting as duty lighting. It should be noted that such control is not suitable, made only with battery backup power supply system.
3.2 relay control mode
Figure 3 is the relay control wiring diagrams, a switch to seesaw, as normally used to control lighting, j for small relay. In a nearby install a switch relays, and more into a group of relay, relay coil is parallel, l ' n ' quotations from control room or Office, the entire building in emergency lighting according to the floor or fire partitions, evacuation area for a number of groups, set to the control room or room control. This control pattern is characterized by low cost, but the lines should not be too long, the Group should not be too many generally applies to small and medium-sized buildings.
3.3 fire control mode
Fire control is through the automatic fire alarm and coordinated control system, using the add-in fire control bus control modules, according to the fire alarm automatically enforce connecting area fire zone and related areas of emergency lighting.
Fire control mode is divided into two
(1) in Figure 4 will figure 3 relays for fire control module. This control is the control of flexible, in large and medium-sized buildings, especially intelligent buildings, can be a fire zones pointing to the same evacuation channels or safe export light evacuation signage as a group. Thus, in the event of a fire, according to the alarm address forced through emergency lighting and subject to the fire zone other than lighting evacuation signage to prevent some people the wrong boot to the fire zone. Design should pay attention to when choosing fire control module's voltage, current rating, if load current is too large, you should fire control module to control relay or contactor for the control of the lamps;
(2) Figure 5 is another fire control of electrical system diagram. Power can be a single phase or three-phase, zk1 can always breaker or dual power switching device, zk2 ~ n is double-circuit breaker feeders, c is a compact contactors, k is fire control module, a to double-charged with seesaw switch. It is the control mode: normal, contactors, double c disconnect the control switch a control of the emergency lighting and power-off, when received by the fire, the fire control module k will contactor c power, forcing through emergency lighting. This control pattern because normally a loop control a large number of lamps, it is suitable for large and medium-sized buildings.
3.4 professional equipment housing emergency lighting control
Fire-fighting equipment room fire emergency lighting illumination of not less than the normal lighting illumination, therefore, good lighting in fire situations, all as emergency lighting in General. Because of these premises by the specialist is responsible for management, room environment, the switch position is very familiar with, as a result, these place emergency lighting control can use a normal room switch control.
3.5 dedicated emergency lighting control
The above discussion of emergency lighting are normal lighting as emergency lighting, decoration grades is not high, can also be used for emergency lighting, they normally do not light up, when connected, you can fire in emergency lighting distribution box always switch or outgoing line switch for manual control or through fire control module linkage control. Because seldom connected, such as failure to timely detection and removal, affecting the reliability of the system, so that such system requirements from time to time through testing, detection system for operation.
Above several controls in the design process, according to a function, features, user requirements, and other reasonable choice to meet the fire code requirements, achieve convenient control and energy, economic, and other purposes.