【 Weak current College 】 small computer room design

1 Overview
Computer network system is widely used in enterprises and institutions, the computer room is at the core of the computer network system and Central, the technical state of the computer room to the computer, and the relationship between productivity, security and reliability. This article is targeted at enterprises and small area less than 140m2 computer room design.

2 computer rooms, location, size and layout
As enterprises generally no longer sets the PABX, just set the communication wiring closet, it is recommended that no longer separate settings in communication building, and communication wiring closet setting in the computer room.

2.1 computer room location selection
Enterprises and institutions in general choose computer room environment condition is good, easy management of office buildings, research building, plant life, buildings, and should meet the following requirements:
(1) room 1st floor in building yishe and above;
(2) easy access to the various lines in the engine room;
(3) the room should keep away from strong electromagnetic interference, should not be set in the transformer room, switching House upstairs, downstairs or next door premises;
(4) the room should keep away from sources of vibration and noise source of place; when you cannot avoid, should take the isolation, noise control and sound insulation measures;
(5) equipment (Cabinet, generators, UPS, air conditioner, etc.) easy lifting and transportation;
(6) the room should keep away from dust, smoke, toxic gases, as well as producing or storing corrosive, inflammable, explosive materials.
(7) the room should not be set in toilets, bathrooms and other wet, easy ponding place directly below or adjacent.

2.2 computer room area determine
The computer room to work according to device configuration and operational requirements, by the main room, auxiliary rooms, etc. Host room main place server, harness cabinets, printers, control desk, etc.; This article assisted housing means the UPS, the UPS main place the battery master Cabinet, Cabinet, distribution box, air-conditioning equipment, etc. Other assisted housing (e.g., Office, garage, information room) is not in the scope of this article.
Room area should be based on the recent equipment layout and operation, maintenance, and other factors identified and should leave room for development. Room area can be determined by the following methods:
(1) system equipment has selection, anxiashijisuan:
A＝K∑S
Type: A-host room area (m2);
K-factor, desirable: 5-7;
S-system equipment of projected area (m2).
(2) when the device is not selection, anxiashijisuan:
A＝KN
Type: A-host room area (m2);
K-single-device footprint, desirable 4.5 ~ 5.5m2/Taiwan;
N-room equipment total number.

2.3 computer room floor
Computer room equipment should be based on system configuration and management need to partition layout, and comprehensive consideration of data processing, line laying and operation personnel walking route, and other factors. Computer room equipment should stay away from building mine down lead and other major lightning powder stream channel. Equipment of spacing and channel should meet the following requirements:
(1) the Cabinet front relative arrangement, its net distance should not be less than 1.5m.
(2) behind the door on the back of the device, off the wall NET distance should not be less than 0.8m.
(3) Cabinet side away from the wall should not be less than 0.5m, Cabinet side away from the other device should be not less than the net margin, when in need of repair 0.8m test, then from the wall should not be less than 1.2m.
(4) side-by-side arrangement of equipment when the total length is greater than 4m, should set the channel on both sides.
(5) channel should not be less than 1.2m waterway.

3 computer room of the building requirements
3.1 floor load
Host room equivalent uniform live load should be greater than ≥ 4.5KNm2. UPS battery is typically used to stack is placed in the battery Bay, UPS between floor loads should be based on weight and distribution.

3.2 ground material
Engine room should use anti-static floor. For the purpose of the cable tray and cable laying, air conditioning, ventilation, recommends selection based on the device loads require heavy steel base or ordinary aluminum base anti-static floor, its performance should be consistent with the activities of the anti-static floor general specification for SJT10796-2001. Movable floor height should be determined according to the actual needs, is appropriate in 200 ~ 350mm. Activities under the floor to the device's cable, laying in a closed metal Groove.

3.3 height
Room interior height (not including movable floor height and ceiling height) should be ≥ 2.5m.

3.4 doors and Windows
Doors open out and should be used to automatically close the dual fan fire door, width = 1.2 ~ 1.5m, and should ensure that the engine room door in no case can be opened from the engine. The window should have good dust-proof, heat insulation, acoustic effect.

3.5 ceiling, wall surface
Ceiling should be can't afford to paint dust, light-coloured light materials. You can also adopt aluminum alloy acoustic microtiter plate or aluminum gesso gypsum board meets combustibility rank requirements of materials set the ceiling for the return of air conditioning, lighting, fire alarm sensors installation and cable tray installation. Ceiling-beam height should be determined according to the actual needs, is appropriate in 200 ~ 350mm. The walls should be can't afford to paint dust, light-coloured light materials. White latex paint is more economic right wall materials.

4 electrical requirements for computer room
4.1 supply and distribution
The computer room of power load rating and power requirements, power quality should be consistent with the civil construction electrical design code JGJ16-2008, its supply and distribution system design should consider system expansion, upgrades, should adopt the voltage level, frequency 50 Hz 220V380V TN-S or TN-C-S system.
Computer room equipment power supply (not including lighting power supply, air conditioning, power) should result from the direct distribution Chamber, power input should surge protection deviceThe power capacity should be determined according to the equipment requirements, and set aside buffer capacity.
In order to enhance the computer room equipment reliability of supply and distribution system, the proposed increase in power distribution equipment front end uninterruptible power system (UPS), and set ups devices.

4.2 lighting
Computer room lighting power should not be cited from the device, and emergency lighting should be set.
Host room illumination should follow the design, not uniformity 500lx is less than 0.7 and take effective measures to limit the face of reflection glare and and work surface reflection of the light curtain. UPS between design by 200lx, uniformity is not less than 0.2. Failure to General lighting lighting illumination of 110.

4.3 grounding
Computer room grounding into system grounding and shielding and grounding. System grounding and broken down into four types:
(1) AC function grounding, grounding resistance should not be greater than 4 Ω;
(2) protection of grounding, grounding resistance should not be greater than 4 Ω;
(3) DC function grounding, grounding resistance according to the specific requirements of computer equipment;
(4) Thunder, should meet the building mine design code GB50057-94, the building electronic information system lightning protection specification GB50343-2004.
Exchange feature grounding, protective grounding, lightning protection and grounding of DC function, grounding and shielding and grounding should share the grounding network, grounding resistance according to which the minimum value.
Computer room should do the equipotential bonding, and set the equipotential terminal box; less frequently for work and a smaller number of engine room, may adopt a single point; for operating frequency is high and the device number of the engine room, may be more grounded.

4.4 anti-static
Computer room insulators should not be greater than the electrostatic potential lkV.
Computer room with anti-static floor, the floor should be made of steel, aluminium or other sufficient mechanical strength of nonflammable materials; movable floor surface should be conductive, non exposed metal parts; movable floor related parameters should be consistent with the activities of the anti-static floor general specification for SJT10796-2001.
Computer room without anti-static floor, you can lay the conductive ground; conductive ground may use conductive plastic and architectural floor glued, electrostatic surface resistivity should 1.0 × 107 ~ 1.0 × 1010 Ω · cm, its conductive properties should be long-term, stable and less dust.

5 computer room air conditioning requirements
Computer room temperature should be 18 ~ 28 ° c, relative humidity should be 40%-70%. Under this requirement should set up a dedicated computer room air conditioning system, the General activities of the under-floor ceiling return air from downward and feed back-flow organization and waterproofing measures should be taken. Computer room heat load calculation can take the following two ways:
(1) General estimation: when the device is not selection, you can press 150 ~ 250wm2 estimates.
(2) simple calculation: the selection when the device has, you can do simple calculations. Computer room air conditioning load, mainly from equipment (including computer equipment, peripherals, etc.) of calorific value, approximately 80% of total calories; second, the transmission of heat, lighting, radiant heat, heat, the calculation method and General room cooling load calculation method are the same, no longer discussion.
Equipment manufacturers, the General can provide equipment specific calorific value. When the device manufacturers can not provide device calorific capacity data, you can press the device power consumption is calculated its calorific value.
¡Ô computer equipment anxiashijisuan calorific value:
Q＝860×K1×k2×k3×P（kcal／m2.h）
Type, K1: while using the coefficient;
K2: utilization coefficient;
K3: load work uniform coefficient;
P: total output (kW).
Coefficients K1, K2, K3 and computer system structure, function, use, operation and use of electronic components, the product of three generally take 0.6 ~ 0.8.
◆ External device anxiashijisuan calorific value:
Q＝860×K×N（kcal／m2.h）
Type, K: device while using the coefficient (0.2 ~ 0.5);
N: electricity consumption (kW).

6 fire requirements for computer room
Computer room fire resistance ratings should not be lower than the main fire resistance rating.
The computer room of automatic fire alarm system should be consistent with the architectural design fire protection standard "GB50016-2006, the senior civil building design fire protection standard" GB50045-1995, the automatic fire alarm system design code GB50116-1998.
Area less than 140m2 computer room is no longer forced gas automatic fire extinguishing system, according to the owners ask as the case may be.

7 computer room security requirements
Located in the first floor of the computer's external doors, exterior Windows should take security measures. According to the importance of the engine room, you can choose to set the guard room, closed circuit monitoring, access control and other security devices.
Reference documents
1 civil construction electricity design specification [S] .JGJ16-2008
2 antistatic floor general specification [S] .SJT10796-2001
3 building mine design specification [S] .GB50057-1994
4 building electronic information system lightning protection specification [S] .GB50343-2004
5 automatic fire alarm system design specifications [S] .GB50116-1998
6 architectural design fire protection standard [S] .GB50016-2006