【 Weak current college 】 building automatic control system design and problems (1)

I. Overview
Building automatic control system is building automation control systems ". Construction equipment mainly refers to building services, those providing basic survival environment (air, water, electricity) the required large amounts of electrical equipment, such as HVAC equipment, lighting equipment, electrical equipment, as well as water supply and drainage equipment, etc., through the realization of building automation and control, to achieve a reasonable use of equipment, saving energy, saving manpower, ensure the safe operation of the equipment.
As technology and the continuous development of the economy, in a variety of electromechanical equipment for building more and more, more and more complex, the electromechanical equipment of control and management requirements are also getting higher and higher. Building automatic control system in its development process developed from decentralized control to the centralized control and distributed control is now to open fieldbus system development is so several stages. In fact it is an industrial automation control system development in miniature. Can be envisaged:
1) distributed control system is now mainstream building automation systems;
2) field bus technology is the development of distributed control systems
3) TCP/IP and other network VLAN, technology application in building automatic control system, implementing Web-based network;
4) universal controllers and intelligent instruments coexist;
5) widely used in state-space method for the base of modern control theory to solve problems in the building automation, and achieve results;
6) systems integration technology progress, man-machine interface, operation, environmental improvement, in line with the basic mechanism of ergonomics.
II. building automatic control system design and content
Building automatic control system is part of the architectural design and architectural design at the same time. In engineering design, according to the owners of the investment and use requirements, determine the building automation system, control, control points and the composition of the entire system. Doing and civil construction-related section of the pipeline is reserved and embedded. We have completed the design of the Design Institute is known as a design content. The main contents include: design, preliminary design, construction drawing design. The sections to be brief:
(A) design
The design stage, construction electrical professional design file for design specification. Include the following:
1. Design range
In electrical or electronic General description in building intelligent design standard grade, design range.
The design of relevant system 2.BA content should describe the content of the automatic design contains, for example:
On the air conditioning system equipment operational situation of supervision, control, measurement, and records;
On the supply and distribution systems, distribution equipment for monitoring, control, measurement, and records;
Equipment for water supply and drainage system of running the monitoring, control, measurement, and records;
On the elevator and escalator run monitoring, control, measuring and recording
3. when the building automation system is complete system integration, integration of content should be described. Such as:
For public security defense system to carry out the necessary monitoring
Automatic fire alarm system to make the necessary monitoring
On the monitoring of parking management system
(2) preliminary design
This design phase, including the following: design manual, System maps, floor plans, major equipment materials table. Drawings from directory to directory.
1. a design specification
(1) building Overview: description of the architecture type, nature, size, layer, height, and intelligent design standard grade, etc.;
(2) related to professional engineering design information;
(3) construction party with cognizance of the functions of the Department of information engineering design;
(4) the project's main standards and regulations;
(5) design range: in electrical or electronic design description in designs include building automation system.
(6) the building automation system, control room location, size, independent settings or what systems and used to monitor total number of points, including digital input, digital output, analog input, analog output the number, the composition of the system.
(7) the requirements of the various subsystems and linkage control function;
(8) when completing intelligent system integration capabilities to integrate the subsystem and its requirements described;
(9) the selection of the main product; the design of the symbol, legend, label; grounding requirements and traverse laying.
(10) shall be brought to the attention of the preliminary design approval is needed to solve the main problems identified
2. system graphs
Should wipe system communication route map, the control room in general location, equipment location, the number of DDC in General should be roughly in line diagram, only the label marked a road connection path, not line selection.
3. floor plan
Including control room floor plans and a sub-station DDC layout, just draw the device do not planar distribution, line connection.
4. main equipment materials table
Including the main equipment of the legend, the name, size, technical parameters, unit, quantity, installation practices, etc.
(3) construction drawing design
Design files: drawing directory, construction design, System maps, floor plans, major equipment table.
1. the drawings directory:
The new draft listed first, and later reuse the column chart.
2. construction design description
(1) design by: according to preliminary design design basis.
(2) design range: in electrical or electronic design description in designs include building automation system
(3) when completing intelligent system integration capabilities to integrate the subsystem and its requirements described;
(4) the selection of the main product; the design of the symbol, legend, label; grounding requirements and traverse laying.
(5) System construction requirements and considerations (including wiring, equipment installation, etc.); equipment ordered; project selection criteria Atlas number, page number.
3. system graphs
(1) monitoring system route map, drawn to the DDC station only, including master key equipment and DDC station, line selected and the laying of the way, each must have a clear DDC numbers and the corresponding monitoring points table a, cable, device number, routing, major equipment and equipment should be a clear connection between the draws, equipment and materials of legend, model, quantity should be consistent with the plan material tables, equipment location should be consistent with the actual location in General.
(2) monitoring point table: shows detailed device and DDC distribution locations, monitoring objects, functions, monitor points classification, number of statistical and DDC points usage, etc., the monitoring point, DDC and trunk system diagram should be strictly in line.
4. floor plan
Floor plan including control room floor plans, ground floor plan, DDC floor plans, link and equipment room, line the floor plan.
5. main equipment materials table
Including the main equipment of the legend, the name, size, technical parameters, unit, quantity, installation practices, etc.
(4) construction of deepened design
We have completed the design of the Design Institute is known as a design content. The design drawings used in construction, is the basis of information equipment bidding for equipment use. Upon completion of the tender by the successful professional company with a second Design Institute.
First of all, to improve product performance, features and Design Institute of design, matching control points table, determines the specifications of the various devices, models, draw a second design construction drawings. Including detailed diagrams, wiring diagrams and subsystems of linkage between software feature descriptions, system operation and maintenance manuals. Select the device you want to have an open standard, building automatic control system to control all electrical and mechanical equipment, such equipment and systems of data communication must be the same standard protocols, it consists of a series of software and hardware-related communications protocol that provides for all dialogue between computer controller. In a real project, most of the equipment and subsystems more and more, more and more complicated, different manufacturers of different products and systems, its communication protocol, the Internet is difficult. Contractor generally use the development gateway mode, complete the different systems of the Internet. Systems to complete the transfer agreement, make sure to Development Gateway hardware and software implementations of the Internet. Contractor company upon completion of the second design for construction, equipment installation, debugging, and so on. Finally, the authority or a legal test, the system for the pilot.