【 Weak current College 】 engineering cost knowledge essence 200 (2)

51, timing observation applies to the study of artificial manual process and machine hand and dynamic process work consumption, limitations to consider the human factor is not enough
52, construction affects factors including technical, organizational and physical factors
53, timing observation includes measuring method (selection method for measuring time, continuous measuring accuracy when---is high, generally up to 0.2 ~ 15s), realistic recording method (number indicated in law — accuracy achievable 5s, at the same time on two workers for observation, illustrations--precision can reach the 30s, while the three within the workers to observe, mixed methods--apply to three or more workers ' group work consumption measurement and analysis) and days of realistic method (of the whole working class in various work consumption method — objective: 1, on the basis of information obtained quota; 2, check the quota implementation, identify weaknesses, improve work---technology simple, laborious, extensive application and information on the comprehensive advantages, is a broader formulation fixed methods)
54, measuring method is mainly used for the determination of those scheduled repeat loop work hours consumed, the higher the accuracy of a method, select the method for measuring time (interval selection during the construction of part of a non-locking, the accuracy of measuring work 0.5s), continuation method (it is select method is more accurate and complete).
55, finishing method of observations there are basically two kinds: average correction, picture shows finishing method
56, realist record method is to study various properties of the working time of consumption, analysis of working time can be consumed by all the information is a recommendable way
57, weekday realism, recording the time when it does not need to be effective working time is divided into individual components, simply divided into suitable technical standards why not suitable technical level two
58. According to the construction process factors and characteristics of the construction process of influencing factors can be divided into technical factors and organizational factors
59. According to the construction process factors on work influence the consumption values can be divided into the extent and nature of the system elements (a single significant impact factors) and fortuitous factors (bi-directional micro factors)
60. when measuring series is not affected by or rarely affected by product number, using the arithmetic mean you can get * value, if the quantity of the product, using the weighted average calculations for the appropriate
61, elaboration of construction of the normal condition: develop workplace organization, the development of work composition, preparation of construction staffing
62, preparation machinery working conditions: develop workplace reasonable organization, reasonable workers prepare
63, time scale and production quota is artificial, fixed two manifestations
64, the development of work time can be achieved using timing observation method, also by work specifications or empirical data from
65, take advantage of work standard calculation fixed labour time (working time (working time) = basic work time + auxiliary work time = basic work time/(on 1-supplementary time%)), (standard time = ready to end work time + auxiliary work hours + breaks), fixed-time = time/(1-specification time-per cent)
66, mechanical purification work 1h normal productivity = mechanical purification work 1h normal loop * a number of recycling products
67, continuous action mechanical purification work 1h normal productivity = working hours production product quantity/working hours (h)
68, construction machinery rent yield fixed = mechanical purification work normal productivity * 1h working class pure work time = mechanical purification work normal productivity * 1h working class duration * machinery normal utilization factor
69, you must consume materials including: direct for construction and installation engineering materials (preparation of materials for net rates, fixed) + inevitable material loss + unavoidable construction waste (compiling material loss fixed)
70, determine the basic method of material consumption: on-site technical determination — compiling material loss fixed; the use of laboratory test method for the preparation of materials for net rates, fixed; the use of site statistics law — unable to distinguish the nature of the material consumption, cannot be used as a material loss of the fixed and fixed net usage of material on the basis of the calculation method;
71, material consumption in computational materials share sales
72, principles of enterprise scale: average advancement principles, concise principle, to the applicability of the main principles of preparation of experts, the independence principle, timeliness of principles, the principle of confidentiality
73, Enterprise fixed role: ⑴ plan management basis; ⑵ organizations and command effective tool construction production; calculation of workers ' remuneration ⑶; ⑷ Enterprise incentive workers; ⑸ conducive to promoting the development of advanced technology; ⑹, strengthening cost construction budget management; construction companies engineered ⑺ tender, bid basis and in pursuance of
74, project settlement is building units and construction units in accordance with the project progress on the completion of some project realization of monetary payment behavior
75, budget fixed by the principle: according to the Community average to determine the applicability of the principles, concise, stick to the unity and the integration of different
76, budget fixed compilation steps: preparation phase — information gathering phase-fixed compilation phase — fixed the final approval stage — modify, process the data stage
77, construction fixed units of measurement in accordance with the procedure and the General construction process; and budget fixed units of measurement are mainly based on sub-project engineering and structural elements of the shape features and variations to determine
78, of two methods: the ⑴ production quota; ⑵ on-site observations based on the determination of data (field-weekday realist approach)
Number 79, artificial shadow days including basic labor (complete fixed measure single-key labor provided by labor quota + should increase the amount of helpers additional labor +) and other labor (ultra distance labor + secondary employment + artificial magnitude difference)
80, artificial magnitude difference = (basic labor + secondary employment + ultra distance labor) * artificial magnitude difference coefficients
81, actual engineering field distance over budget quota determination distance, Can be calculated second cartage
82, material consumption (determination into field observation and laboratory method) by purpose is divided into: primary materials, auxiliary materials, working materials, other materials (material consumption = material net amount (1 + rate))
83, budget fixed machinery construction consumed rent = fixed machinery consumption of rent (1 + mechanical magnitude difference coefficients)
84, proportion of scattered small mechanical press work quota calculation introduced class members, to mechanical charges or other fees that are no longer machine column the number of rent
85, years non-job shadow days: refers to workers in learning, training, mobility, visiting relatives, leave, because climate impact, women children, 6 months or less sick leave as well as production, marriage, bereavement, the number of days in the year should work and not the number of days of work
86 days, effective work years should work days =-year non-working days
87, impact factors of artificial price: social average wage levels, living consumption index, the composition of the artificial price, supply and demand in the labour market, the implementation of social security and welfare policy
88, impact materials budget price change factors: market supply and demand changes, material changes in the cost of production, circulation and supply system, the transport distance and transport methods, the domestic market will have an impact on the price of imported materials
89, materials budget price means the materials from its sources to arrive at the site of the library after the warehouse general average price. General material price (factory price, imported materials arrive on board, sales departments, wholesale and retail price), and marketing departments handling, packing, shipping fees, purchasing and maintenance costs;
90, materials budget price = (materials and marketing departments of the original price + handling fee + packaging + shipping fees + transport loss) (1 + procurement and custody rates)-packaging materials recycling value
91, materials supply price = material to supply departments handling the original price +
92, packaging materials, packaging and recycling value = price * proportion * recovery value of recycling ratio
93, migration and incidental expenses (freight, in accordance with the other cities (including transfer fares, handling, transport, insurance, freight) and city freight) refers to the material by the purchasing or shipping point to the construction site of the warehouse or storage site, including site search transit transport occurs during all expenses and transit tolls, including shunting barge fee, handling fees, transportation costs, and additional costs, etc.
94, purchase and maintenance costs = materials transported to site warehouse prices * procurement and custody rate = (materials and marketing departments of the original price + handling fee + packaging + shipping fees + transport tear) * procurement and custody rates
95, construction machinery rent price includes: depreciation, cost of repairs, often repairs, Ann (enclosed) clearance fees and other charges (non-farm freight), fuel, labor, power, vehicle and vessel usage tax, etc.
96, religious dramas depreciation = mechanical budget price * (1-residual rate) * loan interest factor/durable total budget rent; machinery for ex-factory price and incidental expenses of calculation; loan interest coefficient = 1 + (n + 1) I/2; durable religious dramas that mechanical life, can be divided into technical service life and economic useful life (used in the same fixed quota), durable rent = depreciation life * years working class = overhaul interval of rent * overhaul cycle (where the overhaul period = lifetime repair count + 1)
97, religious dramas overhaul costs = a major repair costs * life-cycle repair times/durable total rent
98, rent fuel power consumption = (actual number * 4 + fixed average + survey mean)/6
99, engineering price generally refers to the construction and installation the project's budget price and unit price estimates; including artificial fee, material fee, machinery;
100, part of the project price: press using object content architecture engineering price and installation engineering price; by purpose into budget price, estimates range by using the unit price; sub-regional unit price and the unit price supplement; case basis at a fixed price and unit price; the price supplements the integrated level divided into basic direct cost price (artificial fee, material fee, mechanical), full-cost prices (labor, materials, machinery, onsite expenses, other direct costs and indirect costs) and the full price (labor, materials, machinery, onsite expenses, other direct costs, indirect costs, profits and taxes)