【 Weak current College 】 urban roadway lighting design standards

Urban roadway lighting design standard CJJ45-91

Article 1, section in order to ensure the city 1.0.1 for road lighting for vehicles and pedestrians to create good depending on environmental protection, to improve traffic safety, transport efficiency, facilitate the people's lives, and prevent criminal activities and beautify the urban environment, especially formulates this standard. The 1.0.2 article this standard applies to the city's new, expanded and reconstructed roads and road linked to special places for lighting design, not for tunnel lighting design. The 1.0.3 road lighting design principles is safe and reliable, advanced technology, economy, energy saving, easy maintenance. The 1.0.4 road lighting design in addition to the implementation of this standard, it should also be consistent with existing national and industry-relevant standards or specifications.

Chapter II lighting standards section 2.0.1 urban street lighting standards, according to the express road, trunk roads, secondary roads, and residential roads are divided into five levels. The 2.0.2 fast road, the trunk roads, secondary roads and road lighting should meet the average brightness (or light), brightness (luminance) uniformity and glare limitation and leading four evaluation indicators. Primarily for non-motorized vehicles or pedestrians in populated areas roads should meet the average intensity of individual evaluation indicators. The 2.0.3 at various levels of road lighting standards see table 2.0.3. 表 2.0.3 Street lighting standards level road type brightness of illumination glare limitation leading average brightness
Lav (Cd/㎡) uniformity
Lmin/Lav average illuminance
Eav (Lx) uniformity
E m I n/E a v Ⅰ Expressway 1.50.4201.4 is strictly a non-stop light-lighting very good Ⅱ trunk road and Yingbin Road, leading to government agencies and large public buildings of the main road, town centre and business centre of the road, a large hand area buttons, etc. is strictly a non-stop 1.00.351.50.35 light-lighting very good Ⅲ time distributors shall be non-stop 0.50.3580.35 light-lighting good Ⅳ branch taking non-stop 0.30.350.3 light-lighting good Ⅴ is intended primarily for vehicle access for pedestrians and non-residential district road and sidewalk-1 ~ 2 — use of luminaires is unlimited — Note: 1 , listed in the table of average illuminance applies only if the lines of asphalt pavement, concrete road, its average illuminance values may be appropriate to reduce 20 ~ 30 per cent.
2 , the values in the table only apply to dry pavement. First article three road, 2.0.4, four road of non-motorized road average illuminance values appropriate to the adjacent motor road 1/2. Article No. 2.0.5 2.0.3 and 2.0.4 of average brightness (or illumination) values are preserve values, new installation path of the light source, lighting, the pavement of initial brightness (or illumination) value should be a corresponding increase in 30-50%. The 2.0.6 bars selected road lighting standards, taking into account the nature and size of the city, the roads and small city Visual types the corresponding standard low level 1.

Chapter three light sources and lighting choice first section select light 3.1.1 road lighting should adopt high luminous efficiency gas discharge lamps, incandescent lamps should not be used. 3.1.2 Select the light source should satisfy the following requirements:
First, a quick way and color recognition requirements of suburban roads should be low pressure sodium lamps or high pressure sodium lamps;
Second, trunk roads and secondary distributors use high pressure sodium lamps;
Third, the branch and residential road, the use of low-power high pressure sodium or low-power high pressure mercury lamp;
Fourth, the city centre, business centre, such as individual color identification request high street if necessary, adopt the metal halide lamps or in color, high colour-high pressure sodium lamps. Section II, paragraph 3.2.1 of selection luminaire article motor road should be functional lighting.
First, a quick road, trunk roads must be in stop-and-light type, half light-lighting;
Second, the time the distributor should be half light-type lamps;
Third, the branch should be halfway light-fittings. Section 3.2.2 prohibited vehicle access commercial streets, roads, residential areas, pedestrian underpass and the need for a separate set of non-motorized road use of decorative and functional combination of good lighting or with high mechanical strength of decorative lamps. Section 3.2.3, adopt high pole lighting, use beams are more concentrated in flood lights. Section 3.2.4 strip lighting standards high, environmental pollution is serious, maintenance difficult road and place the use of dust-proof waterproof higher-level lamps. Section 3.2.5, air-base, and other corrosive gases with high content of regions or establishments to adopt good corrosion resistance of lamps. Paragraph 3.2.6 of the strong vibration sites occurred should be adopted with vibration measures of the lamps.

Lighting design of chapter IV, section 1, section 4.1.1 lighting roads and the special place lighting division general lighting and high mast lighting. Section 4.1.2 of conventional lighting arrangement is one-sided, double-side staggered arrangement, bilateral symmetrical layout, lateral suspension arrangement and Center symmetric layout of five basic cloth lamp mode (see Figure 4.1.2).

Figure 4.1.2 General lighting arrangement of five basic forms
(1) single-side arrangement; (2) double side staggered arrangement; and (3) bilateral symmetrical arrangement; (4) lateral suspension arrangement; and (5) Central symmetrical arrangement
First, the use of conventional lighting, lamps with light type, cloth lamp mode, installation height and spacing should meet the requirements of the table 4.1.2;
Second, the lamps of the cantilever length should not exceed installation height of 1/4, the elevation of the lamps should not be more than 15 °. 表

4.1.2 lamps with light type, cloth lamp mode and installation height, spacing between photometric type stop light-half light-non-stop light-type cloth lamp installation height spacing H (m) (m) S installation height spacing H (m) (m) S installation height spacing H (m) (m) S one-sided layout H ¡ý WeffS ≤ 3HH ≥ 1.2WeffS ≤ 3.5HH ≥ 1.4WeffS ≤ 4H staggered arrangement H ¡ý 0.7WeffS ≤ 3HH ≥ 0.8WeffS ≤ 3.5HH ≥ 0.9WeffS ≤ 4H symmetric layout H ¡ý 0.5WeffS ≤ 3HH ≥ 0.6WeffS ≤ 3.5HH ≥ 0.7WeffS ≤ 4H Note: Weff for pavement effective width (m) section 4.1.3 shall adopt high pole lighting mode should be a reasonable choice light pole frame structure, lamps and the configure mode, determine light pole mounting position, height and spacing, and lamps maximum intensity projection direction, and handle both functional and decorative.
«Ò» ¡ ¢ high pole lights came up from the structure, there are fixed and lifting type two, according to the criteria to select;
Second, lamps are configured with the radial plane symmetry, symmetric and asymmetric. Wide roads use plane symmetrical configuration mode, the square and the road layout compact crossover radially symmetric configuration should be adopted; multilayer large crossover or road is widely distributed and very decentralized interchange use asymmetric configuration;
Third, the Poles shall be located in hazardous location or maintenance is a serious obstacle to traffic;
IV. using ordinary stop light-light press plane symmetrical configuration of lamps of high pole lamp, the ratio of the distance and height to 3: 1 is appropriate, should not exceed 4: 1. Using flood lights by radial symmetrical configuration of high pole lamp, the luminaire spacing and height ratio as 4: 1 is appropriate, should not exceed 5: 1, using flood lights by non-symmetrical configuration of high pole lamp, the luminaire spacing, and height than what may be appropriate to relax;
5. lamps maximum light intensity and vertical angle between the direction should not exceed 65 °;
6. the urban setting of high pole lamp should meet the lighting requirements of coordination with the environment and strive to do. The second section of the road and join the special place lighting design principles section 4.2.1 General road lighting should meet the following requirements:
I. General lighting should be used;
Second, in trees, shade serious road or building area is difficult to install a narrow street lighting poles may be lateral suspension arrangement;
Three, the use of conventional lighting, a variety of geometric parameters and their relationship should be consistent with the standard section 4.1.2 of the request;
IV. pavement wide Expressway, trunk roads if necessary, adopt high pole lighting, and in conformity with the standard requirements of section 4.1.3. 4.2.2 plane intersection lighting should meet the following requirements:
First, the plane intersection lighting level should be higher than the gateway to the intersection of every piece of road lighting level, and should have adequate environmental lighting;
Second, the crossroads you cross the road photo color different light sources, different lights, different installation height or different cloth lamp;
3. cross intersection lighting visible cross-roads of concrete conditions using unilateral layout, interlaced layout or symmetric layout, and other cloth lamp mode. Large intersection may be necessary to install additional light pole, lamps. There is a large traffic island is located on the island, conditions or high mast lighting;
4. T-shaped intersection should end in a road located light (see Figure 4.2.2.1);
Figure 4.2.2.1 t-intersection lighting set
5. the lighting crossing ring should be evident around the island, traffic island and the edge of the stone, with conventional lighting lamps and lanterns located in present-day will loop on the outside (see Figure 4.2.2.2). The road leading to each of the entrances of lighting should be appropriate. If the diameter of the Islands is very large, you can ring the island setting high pole lamp, but careful selection luminaire, ensure that roadway; brightness higher than the brightness around the island.
Figure 4.2.2.2 circular intersection lighting settings section 4.2.3 curve sections of lighting should meet the following requirements:
First, the RADIUS is equal to or greater than 1000m of curve sections, its lighting according to straight line sections of the processing;
Second, the RADIUS is less than 1000m of curve sections, the lamps should be arranged along the curve on the outside and should reduce the luminaire spacing (see Figure 4.2.3.1), RADIUS smaller spacing should be smaller, general control for straight sections of 0.5 ~ 0.75 times, cantilever length should be shortened. In a reverse curve sections, they are advised in the fixed side set lighting, occurs when the in-sight barriers outside the creation of additional curve lamps;
Figure 4.2.3.1 curve sections on lamp set
Third, if a wide curve sections pavement use double-sided cloth lamp should adopt symmetrical layout;
4. turn on the lamp shall be installed in a straight section of road lighting of extension cords (see Figure 4.2.3.2);
Figure 4.2.3.2 corner lamp settings (a) is not correct; (b) correct
5. a sharp turn of lights installed should be able to vehicles, edge of the stone, guardrails and surroundings provide adequate lighting. Section 4.2.4 bar set on the ramp, should enable lighting lamps of horizontal symmetry planes perpendicular to the surface. In convex vertical curve, should reduce the lamp installation spacing and use of stop-and-light-luminaires-the cross-roads on article 4.2.5 and under typical lighting should meet the following requirements:
First, the use of conventional lighting should be under the underpass at the lighting crossing road on the spot (intensity or brightness) and the cross-roads on either side of the lamp in under the underpass on the spot (intensity or brightness) can link to ensure that the range of brightness (or illumination) uniformity of not less than specified value. but against under the underpass on the lamps in the cross-roads cause glare;
Second, large cross-roads and on through underpass or high mast lightingAnd shall conform to this standard, the requirements of section 4.1.3. Section 4.2.6 record interchange lighting should meet the following requirements:
First, it should provide good for drivers; inducible
Second, not only should illuminate the road itself, but should provide no interference glare lighting of the environment;
Third, at the intersection, gate, curve sections, ramp and other transportation complex sections of lighting should be strengthened;
4. small lighting crossing may be general, but should not be set too much light fittings. When using conventional lighting crossing, curve sections, ramp, on the cross-roads and through tunnels and other lighting should be subject to section 4.2.2, 4.2.3, 4.2.4 and 4.2.5 of the request, and should make all parts of the co-ordination of lighted;
5. large crossover should give priority to the use of high pole lighting with high pole lighting should be subject to this standard, section 4.1.3. Section 4.2.7 strip bridge lighting should meet the following requirements:
A bridge lighting, small and medium-sized should connect road lighting. If the width of the bridge deck is less than the width of the road surface is connected, the bridge railing, edge of the stone should have adequate vertical illuminance, the entrance of the bridge should set lights;
Second, the large bridges and with art, history and values of small and medium-sized bridge lighting should be designed not only to meet the functional requirements, and should take into account the artistic effects and coordinated bridge style;
Third, bridge lighting should prevent glare and, if necessary, should be strictly controlled light lamps;
IV. methods of lighting should not be using Rails. Section 4.2.8 of underpass lighting should meet the following requirements:
A, natural light and ample short straight line underpass, only night illumination;
Second, no street lights near the tunnel entrance, should be set lighting installations;
Third, the average level of illuminance in the underpass, night to 15LX, daytime to 50 ~ 100LX suitable. Section 4.2.9 of pedestrian bridge lighting should meet the following requirements:
First, the lighting crossing a road of the pedestrian bridge to no lighting, illumination of less than 21X can cascade engineered lighting. No lighting crossing roads in the lighted pedestrian bridge should be set;
Second, lighting facilities and surrounding environment. Deck average illuminance to 51X suitable steps and illuminance should increase. To prevent to bridge road users cause glare. Power cables and parts should not be exposed. Section 4.2.10 road and railway intersection lighting should meet the following requirements:
I. intersection should have adequate lighting enables the driver to stop range will be able to find other than crossing, the train and the intersection near the vehicle, pedestrian and other obstructions;
Second, the intersection of lighting direction and lighting levels should be able to identify the installation in vertical plane or road signals and signs. Light colors may not and signal color confusion;
Third, the intersection rail on each side 30m, road surface brightness (or illumination) level should be higher than the level of the road, and to a certain degree of uniformity. Section 4.2.11 of airports in the vicinity of road lighting should meet the following requirements:
1. airport nearby road lighting should not be on the runway and site lighting signal system of confusion;
Second, in the design of road lighting in the area, you should meet the requirements and should get in touch with the aviation sector. Section 4.2.12 rail and waterway near the road lighting should meet the following requirements:
First, avoid road lighting of light and color interference signal railway, waterway and vision;
Second, when the road lighting in rail and waterway of extension cords, with rail or maritime sector be contacted;
3. If the roads and the Lakes, rivers and other surface then territories, lamps and a single side of the layout, it is expedient that all located in the side by the water. Section 4.2.13 in any of the lighting facilities and average brightness higher than the path of 10Cd/㎡ (or sections) and no lighting of roads (or sections) are connected, vehicle speed and allow higher than 50km/h, the section should be set up to adapt to the introduction of transitional lighting. Section 4.2.14 article tree-planting road lighting should meet the following requirements:
First, create a new way to meet the functional requirements of road lighting. Greening, street lighting and landscaping departments should be fully consulted, rational selection of tree species, determine appropriate planting location in order to eliminate or minimize future trees on the impact of road lighting;
Second, expansion and reconstruction of the road, should influence the lighting of the trees cut down, ensure that transplantation or lighting effects;
Third, in an existing tree seriously affected by the section of road lighting can be addressed through the following channels:
1. proper pruning and branches, to eliminate or reduce its light occlusion;
2. change the lighting installation, horizontal cable cloth lamp or extend the cantilever length;
3, reduce the amount of space for lamps, reduce installation height;
4, if only partial lots are trees may only on the lot of the lighting installation height, spacing, and appropriate adjustments for lateral position vertical spacing adjustment range control spacing with average 20% less, but should not be at the same time change adjacent two luminaire spacing. Section 4.2.15 bar road lighting residential area should meet the following requirements:
First, the residential area of road lighting should allow pedestrians to discover the obstacles on the road, when we met each other identify facial, recognize the signs of the building, residential building, helps determine the direction and distinguish pedestrians;
Second, the lamps should be greater than 3m installation height. Not suitable for shielding the without light settings in the bare eye level;
3. residential area near the high pole lighting or general lighting, the ray-angle control should be carefully; residential area light pole position and lighting, luminaire selection to the right, in order to avoid too much light in the room, and rest of interference residents.

Chapter v lighting power supply and control lighting power supply section I, paragraph 5.1.1 of the urban road lighting should consist of 10 kV distribution line on a private street lamp transformers or common three-phase transformer power supply (low voltage). Section 5.1.2 of conditions permit may 10

KV voltage level of private line power supply (high voltage power supply) and should meet the following requirements:
One-, three-phase load distribution should balance;
Second, the power supply line should be able to contact each other. Section 5.1.3 important roads and section of lighting use dual supply. Section 5.1.4 of low voltage lighting line terminal voltage should not be lower than the rated voltage of 90% or should not be lower than the initial voltage of 95%. Section 5.1.5 shall adopt special transformer power Street lamp, the transformer should run on economic load rate. High pressure mercury lamps, high pressure sodium lamps and gas discharge lamps, load rate selectable at rated capacity of 70-80%. Section 5.1.6 bar of street light power supply network design should meet the planning requirements and leave room for. In technical and economic conditions permit, the use of underground cable line power supply. Section 5.1.7 shall adopt overhead line power, light high-voltage distribution lines and power distribution lines with a voltage rating with Bell Tower and rack, its conductor cross-section differential should not be greater than 3; span should not be more than 50m; conductor spacing must not be less than the 0.8m. The first section 5.1.8 use two-phase kV power supply, from street lamps of high voltage overhead line leads the cable should not be too long. Section 5.1.9 shall reach metal light poles and distribution box and other metal lighting equipment is required to protect the Earth, grounding resistance should be less than 10 Ω. The second section of lighting control section 5.2.1 road lighting control have scheduled controls and opto-electronic control of the two categories. Timing control used by the device to set the clock or micro-computer controller; photoelectric control used by the device for optically controlled switch. Should be according to their own conditions, select a new or used together. Section 5.2.2 shall use low voltage power supply timely control line or single power control mode. You can also use single lamp control. Section 5.2.3 roads of lights, turn off the illumination level should be 2 ~ 10LX.

Chapter 6: energy-saving measures the 6.0.1 shall under this standard, the relevant provisions of chapter II, reasonably determine lighting standards. The 6.0.2 of lighting design, you should make multiple can meet the lighting requirements of lighting scenarios, analysis of comparison, select both advanced technology, reasonable economic and energy conservation best practices. The article should be a reasonable choice 6.0.3 lighting equipment.
A, adopt the General road lighting, lighting efficiency is less than 60 per cent of persons should not be optional;
Second, using flood lights, lamps and efficiency is lower than 55% of persons should not be optional;
III. should use low energy consumption of the ballast. The 6.0.4 of gas discharge lamps should be compensated. Power factor compensation should be not less than 0.8. The 6.0.5 except reside district road and a few streets away, should choose one of the following methods to implement the night lights.
First, you can use dual-lamp luminaires, the lamp off after midnight.
Second, you can use to automatically reduce the after midnight lamp power of the ballast, reducing the power consumption of the bulb;
3. switch off but half of the lights, but they are not allowed to turn off along the road vertically adjacent two lamp; the article should formulate strict 6.0.6 maintenance planning, careful lighting, lighting facility maintenance and cleaning, increase light flux utilization. The article section 6.0.7 6.0.7 timing control should be adopted in accordance with the region's geographical location and seasonal variation of reasonable sure street stop, turn time-and should adopt the reliability and consistency of the controller.

Appendix a noun in the interpretation of this standard was used with nouns words explain general road lighting one or two lamps installed in height usually 15m following lamppost, according to certain spacing regular continuous set one side of the road, both sides or central car belts on lighting. With this lighting, lamps of the vertical axis perpendicular to the axis of the road, thus the most luminaire irradiating to the road and longitudinal direction high pole lighting group of lamps installed in height greater than 20m (including 20m) light pole on a large area lighting lighting methods regular (road lighting) lamps General lighting (road) to the stop-lamps and light type, half light type and non-stop lamps General lighting (road) lighting according to their photometric into stop-light type, half light type and non-stop light-lighting three lamp type maximum light intensity in the specified direction of the light intensity maximum allowed intercepted 80 ° 90 °-0 ° c ~ 65 degrees 1000Lm 10cd/1000Lm30cd/half light 0 ° ~ 75 ° 50cd/1000Lm100cd/non-stop light — 1000Lm 10cd — regardless of how many light bulbs emit light flux maximum intensity shall not exceed the flood lights 1000cd speed divergence angle (light width) of more than 10 °, flood lighting with lighting. Usually it is shot in any direction, light point and have to withstand wind and rain, bad weather conditions can still work in fixture efficiency as usual within the stipulated conditions lamp light flux and the lighted lamps each bulb issued under the same conditions of light flux is the sum of the maintenance factor lighting using a certain time after work and on the average illuminance and the device for new installations under the same conditions of average intensity is the ratio of the width of road and road effectively the actual width and length of suspended luminaires and Luminaire arrangement of the theoretical distance, etc.
When the lamps with single side of the road layout, for the actual effective width width minus a cantilever length.
When the lamps with two-sided (including interlacing and relative) arrangement, the road width to the actual effective width minus two cantilever length.
When the lamp in dual-channel central car with adoption Center symmetric layout, road effective width is the width of the road actual installation height of lamps and luminaires Center to the surface of the vertical distance between the lamps installation spacing of center line along the road measured adjacent two lamps between cantilever length luminaires Center and adjacent to the side of the horizontal distance from the kerb, lighting out or indent the horizontal distance from the kerb lamp arm length from the vertical centre line of the lamp to lamp arm insert lamps that the horizontal distance from the leading along the road properly installed in the yard, lamps, can give

The front of the driver provides road, line styles, gradients, and other Visual information, known as the leading lighting facilities

Appendix II road luminance coefficient and simplify the luminance coefficient table (a) brightness factor
It also depends on the observer and the light source relative to the surface the location of that point, namely, Q = Q (β, δ). It β-optical observation of incident plane and the plane angle, δ vertical angle of incidence of light. Brightness factor (q) to represent the performance of a pavement reflection coefficient, which is defined as a point on the roads and the point of the brightness level of illuminance (q = L/E). It addition and pavement materials for external (2) simplify the luminance coefficient
Photographs of 2.1 determines the angle of road surface luminance coefficient

(C) simplify the luminance coefficient tables to calculate surface brightness, in addition to know the photometric data of lamps, you have to know the surface brightness factor (q) or simplify the luminance coefficient (r). Actual road q or r only by measuring what happens to him. And measurement needs certain conditions but is a complex and time-consuming work. That is why, at present in our country this work also seldom. From a practical point of view of road lighting is necessary for each way of luminance coefficient are mastered so accurate. Therefore, in the absence of our own surface brightness factor can provide before you use, recommend the adoption of the International Commission on illumination (CIE) and the International Road Congress Standing Committee (PIARC) jointly recommended simplifying the luminance coefficient tables. This table applies to the asphalt surface, if used in cement concrete pavement, when calculating accuracy requirements are not so high, the average brightness of pavement can be calculated by multiplying the coefficient 7 ~ 10/10/8, if the calculation accuracy requirements, you will need to adopt suitable for cement concrete pavement to simplify the calculation of the luminance coefficient tables. Simplify the luminance coefficient (r) table 02510152025303540456075901051201351501651800.25
0.5
0.75
1
1.25
1.5
1.75
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
6.5
7
7.5
8
8.5
9
9.5
10
10.5
11
11.5
12329
362
379
380
372
375
354
333
318
268
227
194
168
141
136
107
94
86
78
70
63
60
56
53
52
45
43
44
42329
358
368
375
375
373
352
327
310
262
217
168
136
111
90
79
65
56
50
41
37
37
32
28
27
23
22
22
20329
371
375
378
372
352
336
302
266
205
147
106
76
54
43
32
26
21
17
14
11
10
9
9
7
7
7
7
7329
364
373
365
354
318
271
222
180
119
74
34
21
17
12
10
8
7
7
5
5
5
4
5
4
3
3
4

329
371
367
351
315
265
213
06W
121
72
42
30
19
14
10
8
7
7
5
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
329
369
359
334
277
221
170
129
90
50
29
22
14
11
8
7
6
6
5
3
4
4
3
4
3
3
3



329
362
350
315
243
189
140
104
75
41
25
17
13
9
8
7
6
5
5
4
4

BR>4






329
357
340
295
221
06W
121
90
62
36
23
14
11
8
7
7
6
5
5






329
357
340
295
221
121
90
62
36
23
14
11
8
7
7
6
5
5






329
349
317
256
192
136
97
68
50
29
19
12
10
8
6
5






329
349
317
256
192
136
97
68
50
29
19
12
10
8
6
5






329
340
280
218
152
107
76
53
40
25
16
11
8
7
6






329
328
266
198
134
91
67
51
40
23
16
10
8
7
7






329
312
249
178
130
93
65
49
38
24
17
11
9
8
6






329
299
237
175
125
91
66
49
38
25
18
12
10
8
6






329
294
237
176
124
91
66
47
38
24
17
13
9
58
7






329
298
231
176
125
88
67
52
41
26
19
15
11
8
8






329
288
231
169
129
94
68
51
41
27
21
14
12
10
8






329
292
227
175
128
97
71
53
43
29
21
15
11
10
8






329
281
235
267
128
97
71
54
45
28
28
14
13
11
9

Appendix III average illuminance conversion factor average illuminance conversion factor is LCD/© o, the average brightness of pavement must surface average illuminance values. it can be simplified by pavement luminance coefficient (r) table for pavement average brightness and average intensity calculated by the actual measurement. 附表 3.1 Average illuminance conversion factors table Pavement type average illuminance conversion factor] [Lx/cd © o insist on asphalt
Concrete 15
10