【 Weak current College 】 LonWorks technology in xinjiapoguanlidaxue city IBMS system

Keywords: LonWorks technology, University City IBMS system functional requirements, application, energy-saving effect, the value of LonWorks open systems

Introduction to the LonWorks technology
At present, in almost every industrial application, there is a trend is away from proprietary control scheme and centralized system. Manufacturers, integrators and owners tend to use based on open technology products, such as out-of-the-chip and operating system and function module products. This technology can improve product reliability, increased system flexibility, built in reducing cost effectively improve system performance. LonWorks technology provides interoperability, advanced technology architecture and speed of product development and predictable cost savings, accelerates the development of this trend.
LonWorks technology is a common field bus technology in industrial control system can be used in the Sensor (sensor bus) Bus, Bus Device (device bus), Field Bus (field bus), and so any layer bus, to design, create, install, and maintain equipment, networks providing solutions to the many problems. In a LonWorks control networks, intelligent control devices (nodes) to use the same communication protocol and the other nodes in the network. Each node through built-in neuron chip to complete the agreement of the monitoring function. A LonWorks control networks can have two to 32385 or more nodes, you can implement features such as: sensors (temperature, pressure, etc), actuator function (switches, control valve, variable frequency drive, etc.), operation interface (display, man-machine interface, etc.) and control functions (air supply unit, VAV variable air volume, etc.). Because you do not need the traditional control systems in the central controller, LonWorks distributed control technology shows very high system reliability, fast system response speed and reduce system costs and maintenance costs. Neuron Chip finish node event handling, and through a variety of media to handle the result passed to other nodes on the network. LonTalk Protocol for LonWorks control networks to achieve interoperability. Neuron Chip and LonTalk Protocol is the core of LonWorks technology. At the same time through the i.LON products to achieve the LonWorks control networks and seamless connectivity of the Internet.

* Neuron Chip (Neuron Chip)

Use the neuron chip CMOSCLSI technology makes low-cost control network possible. Neuron Chip is a highly integrated, internal consists of three 8-bit CPU (central processing unit). The first CPU processor for media access, LonTalk Protocol of first and second floor; the second CPU processing for network processor, LonTalk protocol layer 3 through six layers, network variables handling, addressing, transaction processing, confirmed, background diagnostic, software, timer, network management and function path; the third CPU for application processor that performs user-written code and user code called by the operating system services. Neuron Chip for Neuron C programming language, it is derived from the ANSI C, and ANSI C for deletions and additions. Neuron Chip available through five communication pins and other nodes on the network to exchange information, you can also apply through 11 pins and field sensors and actuators to exchange information. 11 applying pin has 34 kinds of application operation mode that can be in different configurations as external offers flexible interface, and a timer for the chip inside the application.

* LonTalk Protocol

LonTalk Protocol provides a full suite of communication services, this makes your device applications to network with other device to send and receive messages without having to know the network topology, or a network of name, address, or other devices. LonWorks Protocol can optionally provide end-to-end (P2P) message confirmation, certified and priority of message to send to provide provisions restricted the number of transactions. To support network management service allows remote network management tools to network and interact with other devices, including network address and parameters of reconfiguration and download applications and report network problems and start/stop/reset device applications. LonTalk Protocol, and on the basis of the LonWorks systems can communicate on any physical medium, including the power line, twisted pair, radio (RF) and infrared (IR), coaxial and fibre, while supporting the bus, Star, free topology, topology type, and greatly facilitates the control of network construction.

* I.LON family of products

LonWorks control networks is building, industrial, household, transportation and public utilities automation applications for control and machinery manufacturing networking world-wide standards. Based on the data networking technology of the IP protocol is used on the Internet, local and wide area networks transmit data on the world wide standard. I.LON product will control and data network technology standards for seamless connections together.
I.LON products for everyday devices access to provide a reliable, secure Internet channel, these everyday devices include: lighting, household appliances, switch, temperature regulator, engine, meter, valves, etc. Within the jurisdiction of the license, through the Internet, to achieve full control to system, depending on the needs of monitoring, adjustment and reconfigure the device.

Xinjiapoguanlidaxue city IBMS system functional requirements and characteristics of

Xinjiapoguanlidaxue new University City is located in the city centre, Singapore mass urban centres transformation an important component in the plan, but also the first school in the regionGarden complex.
For normal commercial office buildings, no matter how large scale, its internal activities more or less has a fixed period of time, while the load is relatively fixed and University City is more complex and continuously changing. University City building location relative dispersion, with the students in the University City of activities, each building energy payload (especially the air conditioning and lighting) needs in every place, every single time point are constantly changing. Classroom, laboratory, Lecture Hall is being used every day. Therefore the school timetable, cannot like conventional commercial building as foreseen.
On the campus of energy consumption, air conditioning and lighting equipment for effective management and control is very important. In Singapore's climate, air conditioning and refrigeration cycle consumes energy is the energy consumption accounted for 60 per cent of the Bill. For campus buildings, these diverse and constantly changing load pattern of fine management, only based on the most advanced control technology for the intelligent control system. At the same university city construction is carried out in stages, with the ongoing construction of University City, the control system of the future of sustainable development is necessary to consider the issue.
Select the LonWorks technology to realize the IBMS system considerations
Select the LonWorks technology can take a number of manufacturers, Lonmark certified equipment and equipment integrated into a single intelligent building system to start the main building subsystems — security, lighting, elevators, HVAC, and other systems. By LonWorks smart router and network equipment into the open, seamless network that allows any point from network access to any device that can reduce system acquisition, operation and expansion, etc.
LonWorks technology can provide the entire system for seamless connectivity. In the building of internal, in any location across campus or across the globe, to pass through the network, the license rights to access the system.
Good interoperability guarantees the application of LonWorks technology means that the user is no longer any system or product of a single supplier. Using LonWorks device control system, many devices can use arbitrary topology that consists of a single twisted pair connection on a system providing for system construction, lower installation costs. Device and system control can be simplified by software update, to avoid the hardware, cables, conduit and wiring work, and then configure the significantly lower cost. Extension lines, access device, and then configure it through the man-machine interface. Topological approach is very flexible and can communicate in a variety of media, the Internet easier extended. Regardless of application, technology platforms and infrastructure is maintained. This means that the integrators and end user only needs to have a common set of tools can be effectively reduced maintenance and training costs. Based on the LonWorks device allows you to install all subsystems of a public communications infrastructure, elimination of redundant components, reducing duplication.

Xinjiapoguanlidaxue city IBMS system introduction

Because LonWorks technology foundation of good open, air conditioning and xinjiapoguanlidaxue city mechanical ventilation systems (ACMVS) in the design of different vendors of equipment designed for optimum results. Integrators at least ACVMS chose three different LonWorks device and successfully implements the system of control algorithms. This group of air-conditioning and ventilation systems (ACMVS) consists of two separate buildings of eight freezer, the total maximum cooling capacity reached 5550 tonnes, with more than 110 air conditioning unit, 1500 VAV controller, mechanical ventilation fans and fan-coil.
Applied to the control equipment ACMVS is the Matrix produced by the digital controller. The controller uses the free topology twisted-pair based on LonWorks transceiver with LonWorks technology, applications and other equipment to achieve end-to-end communications, ensure implementation feedback and adjustment required parameters, according to the fluctuations of the need to reduce the cooling load in real-time. For example, when a controller to switch to automatic status, if the load increases, the building of the freezer is initiated, if load necessary, automatically cut off the frozen opportunities. This type of intelligent control is the control based on LonWorks technology platform.
Another major area of energy conservation is to reduce lighting energy consumption. Hall, theaters, halls, etc. and lighting control are incorporated into electronic equipment management system (EFMS). Make an appointment with a set, you can use the time period of the room and the room lights only when someone enters the room is lit, when users leave or exceeds the allowable use of time, the lights are automatically turned off.
In addition to the mechanical ventilation system and electronic device management system, LonWorks system also implements the main line of electricity metering, household electricity metering, monitoring, on the fire automatic elevator monitoring capabilities. Through Echelon's i.LON 600 network server, the field device can and IP backbone to achieve seamless joins, maximum utilization of the campus IT backbone investments, avoid a repeat of the University City. System integrators provide a Web-based interface, you can use the IBMS common browser understanding of system status. When you complete a full integration, based on this platform, Web-based HMI can browse through the system using different protocols of other subsystems.
Xinjiapoguanlidaxue Device Manager Mr. Ho Thim Seng, always seeking to make the campus of equipment running even better solutions. "Control the hardware device is installed just good control of start, our goal is by building the LonWorks controller within the charged object precise control, and thus true energy efficiency, building intelligent campus. "Through continuous mining based on LonWorks technology based system's potential to Mr. Ho ThimSeng-led managers are fully capable of manipulating the system to adapt the current changes in the campus, and saving energy has accumulated more experience.

System energy-saving effect

The University City in July 2005, but the system's energy-saving and intelligent solution advantage has appeared. "In the freezer on and off State, cooling water ranges in 0.5 ° C, while other systems typically ranges in 1.5 ~ 2 ° C", the Device Manager, xinjiapoguanlidaxue Mr. Yat Tan Seng praised the system control appeared in the process. Through his experience and through the LonWorks system good adjustment, the new campus of the overall power consumption is reduced by 20 per cent in the past. Currently, he is the new University City further study how to put more equipment and systems into the LonWorks control networks platform, thereby gaining more control equipment choices, operability and achieve better energy-saving strategies.

The value of LonWorks open systems

Application of LonWorks open systems, not only significantly reduce energy consumption, improve the efficiency of residential comfort and equipment, while extending the range of the device selected, reduces system maintenance difficulty, thus reducing overall acquisition so that end users benefit from it.
Manufacturer through development and other products for compatibility to expand market — other manufacturers as partners rather than competitors. Moreover, the suppliers more focus on functionality, quality and service, without having to spend time and money to develop and maintain their own proprietary architecture; or from the order to consider and many different types of specialized products and system compatibility and time-consuming effort.
System integrators using fully compatible many manufacturer's product, they have more choices to customers more satisfied. Design and deployment easier, because the integration of parts is reduced, but are peers. Does not require gateway and customized software, no single point of failure or the need to learn to use third-party tools. System deployment faster, with fewer problems, thereby increasing customer satisfaction, and therefore can also benefit from a LonWorks open systems.

【 Weak current College 】 shopping center management industry characteristics and trends

Shopping Centre in Europe and the United States through half a century later, to become a hotspot for commercial development. Since 1996, Guangzhou Tianhe city officially opened, in China's coastal waters and some developed cities emerged a shopping mall, the most advanced retail form. According to China General Chamber of commerce statistics, it is estimated that by the end of 2003, China opened shopping centre approximately 200, total building area of over 30 million square meters. But the author believes that currently scheduled Mall is far from achieving this quantity. Since the financing, planning, design, business positioning, government regulation and other reasons, in particular on the Mall, the most advanced retail form the essence of the deviation of the shopping centre management experience, leading to massive shopping centre aborted, or barely opened with their minds completely deviated from. This article is to unify the property property Mall (SHOPPINGMALL) as samples, shopping center management industry and its trends.

First, the shopping centre management industry characteristics

And dispersion property corresponds to the residential property management, commercial property typically include shopping centers, shopping malls, office buildings, hotels, etc. directly to business of construction. From an administrative standpoint, the mall management contains most of the content, but also the most complex. The most basic general property management content, with the property management industry's basic features, but also has a very clear business planning, business management, Enterprise behavior.

First, a shopping centre management has the basic features of the property management industry, but the objects in the management, operation of complexity, etc with dispersed ownership of residential property, even compared to other commercial property has a very big difference. At the same time, the shopping centre management in basic property management, based on the combination of comprehensive business and retail management. To the Tianhe City shopping centre, for example: Tianhe city Guangdong Timon (Group) co., Ltd. holds 100% ownership by the Tianhe city property management co., Ltd. Management. A total investment of 12 million Yuan, covers an area of 4.4 million square meters, construction area of 16 thousand square meters, of which 8 stories for commercial undertakings, about 10 000 square meters, 2 underground for car parks, an annual turnover of about 50 billion yuan. Venue including 9000 ton of air conditioning units, 62 of escalators and elevators, 28 2000 Department of vertical door capacity-controlled telephone system and automatic fire order maintenance system. Farm business tenants of 320, staff of about 8000 people. 04 year, 1 million 2 million passenger trips, the flow of 150 million times, commodity, the amount of material in and out of the 50 million tons. Annual equipment, facilities maintenance projects over 21000, maintenance projects over 25000. Average daily passenger volume 32 000. Equipment maintenance, cleaning, gardening, renters management, customer service and management, security, and so on, are the most basic property management industry, but its management complexity is much higher than the same size of other commercial properties, residential community. Therefore, the shopping centre management has the basic features of the property management industry, shopping center management company first, property management companies.

But only for pure property management, the shopping centre management because of differences in the demand for the service object, behavior of to be distinct, and other factors, has its distinctive features: service objects include owners, rental businesses and customers. Owners hire a property management company is to create sustainable improvements to the shopping and business environment, reasonable commercial portfolio and continued timely adjustment to constantly improve the value of the commercial shopping center, the reasonable control of daily operating costs. Relative to consumption in the residential property management fees, shopping center management fee properties is a typical investment behavior. Property management fees paid by lease commercial tenants, but due to the owners of leasing and management fees, management fees bundled with approved standards approved by the owners and transfer payments to the management company. Due to the actual needs and the owners of investment behavior, shopping center management fees standard much higher than other commercial property; the tenants on the requirements of the property management company is the ability to create first attract customers integrated environment to increase operating earnings, the tenants themselves on environmental requirements and the experience has been relegated, rental and management fees on the tenants are cost items, tenants more concern is the sum of both high and low level of the fee is not very sensitive; customer is typical of the ordinary meaning of the consumer, the requirements of a good shopping and leisure environment, perfect, reasonable prices of goods and services, a good business reputation, etc, because of its non-owners, and mobility, short-term consumption (and many consumer not opposite), on the evaluation of the property management company is to vote with their feet, and indirectly through businesses and property owners to decide the fate of property management companies.

Second, the mall management industry trends

Shopping centre management is the most basic general property management content, with the property management industry's basic features, but also has a very clear business planning, business management, corporate behavior, is the fusion of the traditional sense of the property management and commercial management with distinct characteristics of the emerging industry specialization.

From normal operational perspective, because the basic functionality of the shopping center is to provide consumers with the consumption of pluralism, diversity, living conditions, meet people shopping, leisure, entertainment, sports and so on material and spiritual life. Therefore, the central task of the shopping centre management is as market needs change, and constantly adjust and optimize industrial structure, industry structure and brand structure, adjustment of the business combination to form a reasonable, improve, coordinate, to the maximum extent to meet consumer demand for business environments, providing the leasing business owners create maximum business benefits and business value. Therefore, the shopping centre management, both to complete the traditional sense of the highly complex property management content, reasonable control huge daily operations and maintenance expenses, while at the same time on dining, entertainment, cinemas, Department stores, supermarkets and all kinds of professional and specialized shops, on all types of goods and services have full understanding, and combinations of types, styles and combinations of the basicLaw, the day-to-day operations of the basic requirements, have a thorough understanding.

In marketing, customer relationship management, brand management, commercial and cultural exhibition, shopping center management and traditional meaning of property management, and retail sales also has great differences, limited to space, not expand.

Due to the professional management of the company's day-to-day operations to the shopping center have a thorough understanding of the shopping center from market research, project orientation, planning and design, layout, equipment configuration and control is essential to carefully listen to the advice of a professional management company. It can be said that no professional shopping centre management company's full participation in the shopping centre is very difficult to guarantee that construction and operation is successful, the impressive return on investment. As such, professional shopping centre management company has been leading to full participation until the shopping centre's planning, construction, leasing and operating direction.

At present, the shopping centre management company number is from a traditional property management company or a business management company, large retail enterprises serves. Traditional property management companies are managing multiple property, and related businesses in a variety of mixed operating companies, according to the Division of property function, this kind of company's specialization is also far from being able to reach the shopping centre; commercial management companies or large retail enterprises as property management and lack of experience, the management of the shopping centre '. At present, the domestic standard, professional shopping center management company. At the same time, since the relevant government departments, industry sector, industry regulations, such as the shopping centre of planning and design, delegated administration, management, cost accounting standards, service qualification, training and qualification assessment in areas such as competition, managing, directing and regulating effect enough strong domestic shopping centre planning and construction, operation and management have a confusing situation, a wide range of issues. But in the end or the deviation of the concept and the lack of management. The basic principles of the shopping center is sold not only rent, unified management, management management proceeds and property value is a long term investment management process. The Mall is the essence of the real estate business and non-commercial real estate, that is, on the basis of the real estate business. And today sold many shopping centers take segmentation with anti-rent of business, this in order to obtain a cash advance sale shop practices ultimately led to the shopping centre turn into small commodities market, shopping centre, this complex commercial aircraft carrier is very difficult to operate successfully, the owners of investment income expected Basic is impossible. Arising from the various social and economic issues will be very difficult to solve. Shopping centre management company in the search industry in the process of belonging, there have been similar to hotel management industry development trend of the path, that is, the basic property management on the basis of the integrated business management company direction and seek industry belong. Currently, the country is mainly limited by controlling loans and land development to regulate the shopping center industry. In addition, think more simple, direct and effective measures to preserve the integrity of the property right in the shopping center property, which is not allowed to sell the shopping center segment, but you can use the full property of the property for mortgage financing or other forms of debt and equity financing. In this way, investors will focus on the long-term management of shopping centers, the existing problems will not continue. The State property management industry bodies can be found in the shopping center management enterprise qualification level assessment, evaluation, shopping center management honor industry dynamic tracking, practitioners qualification and training, developing specialized standards and policies to guide and regulate the mall management industries.

【 Weak current College 】 General version weak initial design description (revised version)

05D2005 General version weak initial design description (revised edition)
Summary: 05D2005 General version weak initial design instructions, standard model of the picture for description

Weak initial design description
1. design basis
1. building Overview: this project is located at ____ provinces (municipalities), ____ ____ District, with a total construction area ____m2. ____ Layer, ground floor mainly for the garage, and various room, storeroom, ground ____ layer, mainly Office, restaurant, meeting room, etc. This project is ____ class (Office, residential) architecture. Main height ____m, podium height ____m. Structure as the basis for the ____ ____, the floor thickness ____mm, mat thickness ____mm. Durable life to ____ years. Grade for the ______ defense project, peacetime. Fire classification levels: ____ ____ class, fireproof grade levels. Earthquake intensity: ____ degrees; seismic classification: ____ ____ class, according to the degree of seismic measures taken.
2, professional design information including architecture provides the structure of the exposed figure, professional offers beam; plumbing profession provided fire hydrants, water flow meter, air valve; electrical professional of the information.
3, construction unit design, design requirements and related technical consultation document. The project's main specifications
The civil construction electrical design code JGJ/T16-1992;
The tall buildings design fire protection standard "GB50045-1995 (2001 Edition);
The architectural design fire protection standard "GBJ16-1987 (2001 Edition);
The automatic fire alarm system design code GB50116-1998;
The people in the basement design code GB50038-1994;
The garage, garage, parking plant design fire protection standard "GB50045-95 (2001 Edition);
The building and campus cabling system engineering design specifications "GBT50311-2000;
The low-voltage distribution design code GB50054-1995; the building mine design code GB50057-94 (2000); the residential design code GB50096-1999 (2003 Edition);
The defense works design fire protection standard "GB50098-1999 (2001 Edition);
The intelligent building design code GBT50314-2000;
The civil system engineering of closed-circuit monitoring television specification GB50198-94;
The cable TV systems engineering specification GB50200-1994.

Second, design range
The design includes the following:
Communication system;
Cable television and satellite television system (CCTV);
Cable systems (including background music and emergency broadcasting);
Sound reinforcement and simultaneous interpretation system;
Call signaling systems;
Public display system;
Clock systems;
Security system;
Premises distribution system (phone, computer) (no network equipment);
Construction equipment monitoring system;
Garage management system;
Intelligent system integration
3. communications system
1. in the present project communication automation system, SPC automatic digital switch plays an important role. With the development of communication technology, today's PABX to traditional voice communication, voicemail, multi-party teleconference, IP, ISDN (B-ISDN) applications, such as today's communications technology blending together, provide the user with a completely new communication services. Under this project scope and number of staff, the preliminary settings one door of PABX, need access trunk incoming and outgoing than 50%. In addition to applying for direct outside line.
2. the number of the telephone access line selection on phone distribution frame, the floor installation.
3, telephone station power by providing two way power supply transformer substations, in-room at the end of the changeover, additionally equipped with ____kVA online UPS uninterruptible power supply.
4. PBX station settings in the layer, the engine room located 300mm raised floor.
5. at complex property office, engineering department office rental space settings such as telephone, press ____m2 a telephone account, total set door Ext.
6, to the project site by building links through pipes buried lead.
7. wiring system into building cabling system, end wear hose along the roof dark (Ming) application.
8, phone room should be set independent of the grounding, lightning protection and earthing device and building, grounding device sharing, grounding resistance max ohm. Telephone line at the beginning of the total distribution frame surge protective devices should be installed.

4. cable television and satellite television system (CCTV)
1, cable TV system in strict accordance with domestic standards of design, product performance stable reliable, the system runs TV channel signal is rich, clear and smooth, able to meet all user requirements.
2, the TV signal transfer modes: color NTSC (USA and Japan) and PAL (German, Chinese, English, etc.), SECAM (Russia, France, etc.) three clock mode. You can set according to future development or reserved antenna location and pipeline, and to IBMS integrated management center room and China Unicom.
3. ordinary TV signal by attracting outdoor cable TV signal. The system adopts (860) MHz the neighbouring frequency transmission, and user-level request 64 soil 4dB, image clarity in the fourth level and above. The number of satellite antenna to receive programming content agreed with the buyer. Front-end devices located at the top of the TV room. Antenna location to be built into the top level measurement, and you determine that the manufacturers and determine the basic practices.
4, the project hasClosed-circuit television system, reserving the front-end device program input for building play self programming.
5, TV link cable selection, the extension cable to select. Wear a concealed galvanized steel tubes. User outlet outlet concealed, the bottom margin to 0.3m.
6, vertical TV splitter branch for bottom margin to out put. Shaft outside the branch located 200X200X100 box, installed in the ceiling, ceiling on 50mm allow repair here. No ceiling roof 300mm distance.
7. system of design by the contractor, the Institute is responsible for the audit and the interface with other systems of coordination.

5. cable system
1, broadcasting room combined with the fire control room, the system uses 100V pressure output mode, everything from power amplifier device output to line up the line of user speakers attenuation is not greater than 1dB (1000Hz).
2. at the end of the broadcast is divided into "special fire emergency broadcast" and "background music and do fire emergency broadcast" and "private background music broadcasting". In a conference room, restaurant, function rooms, cafeteria, coffee shop, fitness center, garage and other places have dedicated fire emergency broadcasting; in public sidewalk, Hall, bathroom, etc. of production of a soundtrack and do fire emergency broadcast.
3. daily broadcast service and operational broadcast two functions: service broadcasting is mainly used for building the public area of the background music broadcasting and playback of content may be required by the double-deck, CD player, radio, digital audio devices, etc. provide audio sources. The business of broadcasting for the corresponding floor building, looking for someone, notification pages use from paging microphones provide audio sources.
4. system functionality available according to set priority for broadcasting, priority levels high broadcast work can automatically cut the selection priority level lower broadcast content, other broadcast sources available through prior programming or instant manual keyboard input control, according to individual needs sending broadcast area.
5, regional division shall meet the broadcast area of fire protection requirements, the system in accordance with the building and the floor is divided into multiple broadcasting area, the microphone audio source can be freely chosen on the regional circuit, or individual, or programming, or call, and does not affect the other regional groups of normal broadcasts. System programs through cable wiring separation road, tiered also sent to house all the public areas.
6. background music system frequency response for 70Hz ~ 12Hz, harmonic than 0.1%, signal to noise ratio is not less than 65dB.
7. host power amplifier kW, total station, should have comprehensive check and post function can not stop on the system of the host device and speakers circuit status monitoring.
8, the system should be equipped with protective circuit, short circuit occurred when the speaker circuit failure, will automatically switch the link with the host device to ensure that the power amplifier and control equipment. System host as standard modular build and provide RS232 or RS485 interface and related software, communication protocols, or provide hard contacts to facilitate system integration.
9, public speakers installed power 3w, according to the plan of arrangement for wall-mounted, embedded and pipe hanging three, wall-mounted speaker bottom margin. Garage in the speaker tube lifting, bottom margin.
10, audio broadcasting system line laying press fire requires wiring, the use of ____ ____ line wear galvanized steel concealed. Fire, automatically or manually open the relevant layer emergency broadcast, soundtrack broadcast at the same time cut off.
11. system of design by the contractor is responsible for the Design Institute is responsible for the audit and the interface with other systems of coordination. System all the devices are supplied by the contractor is responsible for the complete set, installation, commissioning.

6. sound reinforcement and simultaneous interpretation system
1. in the set sound reinforcement and simultaneous interpretation system.
2. place the multifunctional usage requirements set sound amplifying system, the system consists of speakers, transmission lines, tuning devices, sound amplifying equipment, sound source and the central processor and other components.
3. simultaneous interpretation system with dual-interpreter control box, computer host simultaneous interpretation, one infrared radiator. The system supported languages for simultaneous interpretation, to meet the needs of the General Conference. In the TV Conference Centre venue anywhere you can use the headphones with a simultaneous interpretation system.
4. simultaneous interpretation system native signal, wireless microphone signal and telephone signal passes through amplification system, sound reinforcement system sound mixer, native participants in sound reinforcement system support of participating; non-native speakers, headphones and select the appropriate language.
5. simultaneous interpretation system in the control room to establish simultaneous interpretation host, host and double interpreter control box, infrared radiator by SC50 pipeline laying the cable corresponding, respectively.
6. simultaneous interpretation room located in ____, facilitate simultaneous interpretation staff observation control. Mixer sound reinforcement systems, responsible for the Hall acoustics adjustment.
7. system of design by the contractor, the Institute is responsible for the audit and the interface with other systems of coordination. Device selection by the contractor is responsible for the complete supplier and binding site for debugging.

7. construction equipment monitoring system (BAS)
1, construction equipment monitoring system consists of sensors, direct digital control (DDC), transmission lines, network controllers, hub, actuators, monitor, etc.
2, air conditioning, refrigeration, heating and ventilating, water supply and sewerage, heating and diesel generator system, public area, such as photographic system are integrated into BAS system for monitoring or surveillance. Transformer substation set independent distribution management system, reservation and BAS system networking gateway interface.
3. the monitoring center located in the control room.
4, BAS system should have unit hand/automatic status monitoring, controlling, and stopping the running state display, fault alarm, temperature and humidity monitoring, control and implementation-related logic control relationship, etc.
5, fire pumps, fan does not enter the BAS system.
6, BAS system include:
1) refrigerating units, cooling pumps, cooling pumps, cooling tower and the correspondingEntering and leaving the water valve, order the program control, stop, status display, fault alarm.
2) pressure control valve, air supply valve, water electric two-way valve, intake fan electric valve, air conditioners, fans, temperature regulating valve opening, closing or opening of the control.
3) installation with each floor of the central cooling water system of variable air volume systems, as well as multiple ceiling installation of fixed minimum wind chassis and the new air flow control system, setting both inside and outside the region. Construction equipment automation system used on the controller to meet VAVBOX VAV control requirements.
4) exhaust blower time process control;
5) parameters such as temperature and humidity measurement records;
6) public lighting, outdoor lighting, holiday lighting, garage lighting time program control or control photosensitive components;
High water level 7) displays and overflow alarm;
8) sumps overflow alarm;
9) frequency of running water pump;
10) shows the status of the diesel generator, such as voltage, current, frequency, and so on, battery voltage, household fuel tank low oil level, and fault alarm, oil tank low oil level warning.
11) aviation obstacle light control, status, frequency, fault alarm, etc.
12) carbon monoxide concentration alarm.
13) thermal power station, in the Shui room monitor.
7, Control Center computer host, monitor, printer, and the scene of a variety of sensors, transmitters and DDC controllers are supplied by the contractor to complete.
8, decentralized control DDC bottom margin to out put. BAS system controller communication lines reserved for pipelines are galvanized pipe.
9, controller to a variety of sensors, transmitters, valves, control cables, power supply of the controller are designed by the contractor according to deepen.

8. security system
(A) General provisions
1, the project's security level to level, closed circuit monitoring system, access control systems, intrusion detection systems, patrol system, etc.
2. police control room located in the layer, in charge of the whole building, prevention and control, the control room on all alarm and closed circuit camera monitoring.
3, video monitors, gate control input computer, keyboard and screen, CCTV camera controller, intrusion detection systems, host and intercom phone system host etc. are packed in control room console.
4. security system compatability with room for rent-to-use security requirements. Any additional system should be able to work with the building's security system compatible.
(Ii) closed circuit monitoring system CCTV
1, the system has adequate monitoring screen to monitor all of the camera.
2. in the present project, the garage entrance, Elevator halls, moniton etc settings security surveillance cameras.
3. all the camera's power supply from the nearest power supply 220V power supply between, the camera itself and transformation, Rectifier and emergency battery. (Smaller time directly from the control center provides a power supply)
4, CCTV camera has a fixed, shaking his head, pitching move, zoom, and suitable for illumination of low environmental features, and can get in the best position of the screen.
5, digital recorder capable of recording video cameras continuously (24 hours a day, 7 days a week) to record all the activities of the monitoring area and makes it possible to reproduce the picture at any time. Video disk will be reused when the camera detector detects abnormalities, video disk on the following exception occurred 15s of will be maintained, so that security personnel tracking event.
6, the Center hosts system adopts the full matrix system, all the camera points may at the same time the video recording, video cassette recorders use 24 hour long time¨cdelay. Security Center hosts based on the need to implement full-screen, four pictures, screen, monitor display screen contains a camera number, address, time, and other information. According to the needs of some cameras in the Security Center and controllable, such as PTZ control, focus adjustment, etc.
7. Press system shown doing sequential switch control. Switching time adjustable 1 ~ 30 seconds, you can manually select a track, video camera.
8. image quality system according to the five-level damage assessment, image quality is not lower than 4 levels.
9, image horizontal resolution: black and white TV system should not be less than 400 line, color TV system should not be less than 270 lines.
10, portrait picture grayscale level should not be less than 8.
11, the channel video signal system, the monitor input level value should be 3dBVBS 1Vp-p soil. Monitor as a dedicated monitor.
12. system sections SNR targets allocated shall be consistent with: camera part 40dB; transmission part of 50dB; display section 45dB.
13, the camera uses the wall mounting and ceiling mounting, wall mounting, installation height m video cable laying using, wearing a pipe, the power cord from the power between the laying of lead, tube.
14. system of design by the contractor is responsible for the Design Institute is responsible for the audit and the interface with other systems of coordination. System, all devices are set by the contractor is responsible for supplying, installation, debugging, and assisting in the acceptance by the Security Office.
(3) access control system
1, entrance guard system: in the main management areas in buildings, major equipment control Center computer lab, valuables of the Treasury and other important parts of the channel port install door contact switch, electronic door lock and card reader and other control devices, the security control room monitors, system to the location of the channel port. Access to and the time of passage for real-time control or set program control.
2, the access control system consists of the following equipment: access control, host controller, reader interface, card reader, alert, magnetometer switch collector, electronic lock, induction card, door button, System card system.
3, entrance guard system has the following functions: record, modify, query for all cardholders of UGC section; monitor record all access and access time: monitor magnetometer switch-fen, with alarm function; On illegal intrusion or damage to the alarm and record; when a fire signal is issued, the automatically open the corresponding fire partitions evacuation channel electronic door locks, facilitate evacuation.
4, field controller installed in a weak current shaft. In the flea shafts and by weak current wells road leads to the cable laying in the weak current trunking, trunking to monitoring points from wearing the SC20 galvanized copper tube, door contact switch, electronic door lock should be aware of and consent, and departments.
5. system of design by the contractor, the Institute is responsible for the audit and the interface with other systems of coordination. 6. system all devices are supplied by the contractor is responsible for the complete set, installation, commissioning.
(Iv) intrusion detection system
Intrusion detection system consists of a variety of detection devices to form a whole, in particular passenger areas susceptible to intrusion and the building area. Adding some surveillance devices, such as moving objects (or objects) detector, infrared detectors, beam detectors, glass break detector, etc.
1, the works set in ____ move to (person or thing) sh detector, located at ____ infrared detecting device, the probe in ____ set beam. In ____ set glass was broken.
2, glass break detector auditory glass break detector with passive infrared mobile detection Sun avoid housing occupied after normal noise caused by the malfunction.
3, the passive infrared detector passive infrared detector by moving target itself an infrared controller, alert — a wide space or strip-space.
4, dual-monitor detectors in the building of the secondary entrance, set the ultrasonic a passive infrared detectors double-the prison. Both improve protection capability and reduces the chance of false positives.
(V) patrol system
Security inspection staff should be pre-determined inspections of the road map for building inspections, you can record inspection staff of the inspection status, when the inspection staff needed, the system can make the alarm signal to the security control room, the system administrator can set the patrol routes, patrol stations and patrol in place when asked, patrol stations can be a card reader or patrol switch, etc., building security personnel must be provided in place of the patrol interval reaches the patrol station, with a special card with card reader "card or patrol key to open the patrol switch, to building management system console issued patrol in place of the signal.
1. building a number of important regional settings patrol point.
2, the system can return more routes, patrol point adjustment more personnel and patrol time setting and record.
3, for the interconnection of more management system internal use bus control network structure, a single device failure does not affect other equipment and: the whole system up and running.
4, if conditions allow, the patrol is not in place, you can start the following linkage control: turn on the area of lighting equipment, and carried out starting the CCTV.
5, patrol staffing wireless walkie-talkie to keep in touch with the Security Center.

9. garage management system
Garage located access control and closed circuit television (CCTV) system, authenticated access cards, tickets, etc., and identify various access to vehicles, thereby preventing the theft of a vehicle, the vehicle enters the system can accurately build vehicles outside contour of the upper surface and analog capture high resolution photographic images of vehicles. It also quickly automatic detection vehicle license plate, from the extraction of the captured image-branch, and then take the captured image data and license plates and instruments and vehicles feature records.
1, the project is located in the underground garage — set of parking management systems, which are located in — and — layers, each one has an entrance.
2. entrance lane equipment including ticket machines, card reader, internal telephone and gates. Exit lane including reader, costs, internal telephone, toll booths and gates.
3. system should possess:
1), automatic billing, fees, ticket machines have Chinese tips, automatic printing receipts;
2), the access gates automatic control;
3), located at the entrance to the show empty parking spaces;
4), using an expired ticket alarm;
5), objects clogging inspection card machine entry alarm;
6), illegal open point-of-sale cash box alarm;
7), ticket machines offer low alarm.
4. system of design by the contractor. The Design Institute is responsible for the audit and the interface with other systems of coordination.
5, system, all devices are supplied by the contractor is responsible for the complete set, installation, debugging.

10. comprehensive wiring system
Premises distribution system (PDS) is a voice signal, digital signal wiring, after the unification of design specifications. Integrated in a standard set of wiring system, this system for open network platform. Force will users as needed. Form a separate subsystem, cabling system can achieve worldwide sharing of resources, integrated information database management, e-mail, personal database, report processing, financial management, teleconferencing, video conferencing, etc. This design only consider pre-wiring routing does not involve the network device.
1. comprehensive wiring system by workspace subsystem, horizontal cabling subsystem, floor wiring, trunk system, terminal equipment management and complex subsystems.
2, the project design by comprehensive configuration, Office section-by-m group information points to consider: Conference room per square meter of a set of information points to consider: other places according to the need to set a certain amount of information.
3, total telecom room sets — layer. Outside line from municipal attracted xDSL or cable.
4. module station: building-storey one module, the module design of the station is not in the scope of this design.
5., workspace subsystem: according to the need for activities room, management House, Office and desk set the voice and the according information Jack, six classes at the end of the extension, the outlet port using the cable six types of accessories.
6, horizontal cabling: uses a dedicated copper conductor unshielded twisted pair (UTP) press E class 6-level standard wiring to the floor for each tenant. Where all backbone and horizontal wiring will reach IS0/IEC11801 (United Kingdom used BSEN50173) standards and EIA/TIA568B (1, 2 and 3) standard. Specific sites and has the special request the tenant will use fiber optic cable.
7, floor wiring between equipment: floor wiring. They allow the service provider and tenants as well as in the building provided system cross-connections between passive and active electronic connections, floor wiring equipment to fit to support the following system and equipment: horizontal (workstation) to the end of the wiring and wiring tools: speech, according to the end and wiring tools: local area network (LAN) cable hub hardware and shelf, file server, the Terminal control element, and other devices sharing device.
8, Route 3 subsystems: Office area on each floor is-4, wiring area: podium section as needed, based on the number of information points. Single layer or multiple layers to a wiring area, to reduce the cable specifications, wiring box uses the terminal-type.
9. main terminal room/equipment room: main terminal equipment in building Chief telecom room, used to connect all floor wiring between integrated device and cross-connection of space. The main terminal room should be 300 mm high overhead anti-static floor. Main terminal interval/equipment with a centralized location. The entire floor of all telecommunication/information sent out from here, these intervals will install the necessary equipment to support phone calls, data, voice recording system. For each of the related wiring system origin point services. The following system will be placed in the main terminal room: meet the language requirements of the integrated call General cable networks, data communication cable; the main internal telephone switch voice switches: premises voice copper trunk using the language system in the main distribution frame; management regardless of level of the local area, wide area and metropolitan area network equipment; printers and related peripherals.
10, satellite equipment: a satellite communication system is live world, information channels throughout the country, is the introduction of high technology. Trade indispensable means, is a backup of the other information system, which play an important supportive role. Is the future of broadband communications is an indispensable part. A receive digital audio and video material of the satellite downlink capacity, provide VSAT size capacity. Make data network can be connected directly to the Internet. Satellite receiving antenna placement at the top.
11. this project on your computer and phone use unshielded cabling system. Level selection of six kinds of cables laid along the trunkings or wear galvanized pipe laying, computer vertical line select six core multi-mode fiber. Telephone vertical line adopts three types of large logarithms cable outlet sockets use RJ45, six types, concealed, the bottom margin to 0.3m (have raised floor room, bottom margin raised floor 0.3m).
12. system of design by the contractor. The Design Institute is responsible for the audit and the interface with other systems, systems of coordination between all the devices are supplied by the contractor is responsible for the Assembly, installation and debugging.

11. Conference system
In computer hardware and software support, you can set the computer, telephone, radio, VCR, CD, VCD, DVD, microphone, large-screen projection, lighting control, electronic maps and electronic white boards and other equipment. Conference system equipment located in ____ ____, including in small conference rooms and large conference room ____ people, large meeting room also contains a video conference function. In the sound control room, a conference management workstation, sound reinforcement device features a large Conference Centre and the main camera, the secondary camera, document camera, projector, etc. Ceiling trunking with go. All devices go through various cable trunking will be brought together to the sound control room, small meeting room only session functionality. No TV capabilities to voice terminals, equipment input output volume adjusting device for input and output of the meeting information, specifically as follows:
1. ____ people small conference rooms feature: the Conference room for small business conference and exhibition, the AV system is private and is self-contained. The Interior of the system allows the user to a sufficiently large plasma screen (28-plasma display panel) display computer multimedia data such as PowerPoint or other video content to let each one of the participants are able to comfortably view now. For large projection, should also provide an electronic screen. This screen can be a projector, 35mm slide or other portable-Wu of the projector. In the design will also provide support for a specific remote conferencing features of the underlying architecture, each two rooms share a remote TV conference system with a total of four system. Audio and video devices to denial will be integrated into the room features custom furniture, through the network to access the repository on a remote server, media information. Can be used for education or special information on demand.
Video: the Conference room in front of an electric control 1.3: 1 projection screen and a diagonal to 28-inch plasma display panel. The projector can be used to top of the projector, 35mm slide or other portable-Wu projectors, plasma display panel shows the source can be a laptop, DVD recorder or cassette video Terminal. Each floor box will provide two sets of ports, and floor box cover is placed in the room. Enable it to provide a variety of interfaces. For portable computer, microphones, video cameras and other portable device use. The location of each interface can be selected to display computer and video images.
Audio: audio and video devices to denial will include a local audio distribution system. It will support wireless microphones, echo cancellation, power amplifier, other audio (VCR/DVD) playback, and so on, into the bracket with the speakers can provide local audio show control. The rooms of the control is limited to the device's remote control. The main feature is the ability to manually activated, at the table and to a different location in the room should have a variety of embedded terminal box. Each box can provide power connections. In front of the room to provide electric curtain required power and stand, in audio and video and videoconferencing equipment should be placed near the power connection and network interface. Network interface in addition to the standard interface, you also need to include the videoconference ISDN interfaces.
2. ____ people large meeting room (divisible Conference): Conference room can be split forIncluding video-conferencing, and audio/video session of senior/high attendance of meetings, the Interior of the system allows the user to a sufficiently large-screen display on the evening of computer multimedia data such as PowerPoint, slides, videotapes, 35ram DVD source, such as other programs to let the participants each one can comfortably watch, you will be able to provide high-quality composite audio. The Hall can be divided into two zones, each zone will have the same audio and video functions, when the room is set up as a whole office mode, two electronic screen in the choice of the audiovisual technicians can also display the computer or video images. In room work to separate Office mode, the screen can be fractional frequency configuration work, through the network to access the store in a remote server's media information, you can use to conduct education and special information on demand.
Video: divisible conference rooms will have three ceiling mounted electronic screen. Two in the East, a in the North. Program sources including computers, video conference system, VCR, DVD, camcorder, etc. On the distribution of multiple interfaces. For multiple computer and other connections. Each interface can be selected to display calculated wu or video images. Many of the video source is this room private. They are installed in the control room, in a electric lifting system install four with a telephoto lens, high-brightness projector, videoconference system and the whole room observation with cameras mounted on the wall or ceiling, three per region. Have the azimuth, elevation and focal length for variable capacity.
Audio: the whole room to play prerecorded information speaker array will covertly installed on the ceiling, these speakers integrated into the ceiling of ceiling systems and thus be unnoticed, in some areas need to be installed on the surface, in a number of actual ceremony will need to use additional amplifier and the speakers are placed on the tripod. In the control room in a dedicated audio source. They can touch screen system to remote control. This control system can be used to simplify the control of lighting, curtains and AV devices used, the user can pass the add-in floor junction box with a cable of color Panel to control audio/video system characteristics. As an optional wireless remote control can also be integrated into the design. Sound control room is located on the second floor of the upper, it is divisible conference rooms dedicated audio and video control room, through remote control system users can control your entire system in the room. Through a variety of mouth and cameras to monitor from the room throughout the Conference. Control room or all meeting room signal channel public contact, when used in this room you can adjust the signal source and the destination control. At the same time can also be recorded meetings, media distribution, etc.

12. wireless communication system
1, as the daily passenger volume is very large, and the user a lot, near the wireless base station limited channel capacity. Busy time there may be network congestion. Follow the user cannot enter or time into the phone. In addition due to building construction complex. Wireless signals are difficult to penetrate, indoor prone coverage gaps. Therefore, the building should have installed the wireless signal indoor antenna coverage system for mobile communication coverage q source. At the same time you can add wireless channel capacity.
2, response to upper ground floor, and the elevator for coverage.
3. system setting up seal cellular and proximal machine. Install in-floor main telecommunications in the engine room.
4, the use of a weak current shaft as the Center, the how of layered coverage. The main equipment installed in the weak electricity well.
5. specific system design and calculation by the carrier.

13. call signaling system
(A) intercom without dead zone system
1. this system as a separate call intercom system, intercom without dead zone system should be able to meet the walkie-talkie in building more than 95 per cent of the area of normal conversation (including ground), walkie-talkie without dead zone system should be able to meet on cut cases — hours of emergency when asked, the system used mainly by the System Manager, receive emission unit and connecting wires, etc.
2. receive emission unit specifications: operating frequency range: 400-420mHz RF output power: < 4W transit function (transceiver can be different settings) frequency asked: < 10kHz3.
3, the System Manager can monitor records the contents of the entire system call
4, walkie-talkie without dead zone system should meet <中华人民共和国无线电管理条例> and information industry Ministry and Beijing radio Administration enacted laws, the use of the product with the Ministry of information industry, radio authorizations ".
5. system connector use five types of cable connection, the specific system design and calculation done by a professional company.
(Ii) hospital ward area call intercom system
1. the nursing unit located medical call intercom system, call the host in the nurses ' station, extension located in each ward beds. Located in the Hou clinic waiting call intercom system and electronic PA management system: in the operating room set hands-free call intercom system. In order to guarantee some sudden illness of security, our emergency call system, patients carry emergency calls to extension, and call intercom phone networking. In urgent cases, simply press the call button, the operator can know the patient prescription bit to take emergency measures in a timely manner.
2. system consists on the host, the Talkback extension, transmission line, PA devices, display devices, etc.
3. in-patient Department hosts located in nurses ' station. All rooms are located on each bed intercom Ext. ____, inpatients are available through the extension and the nurses station hosts implement bidirectional calls, two-way conversations, if patients call host no one answered, the call sign will delay delivery to the on-duty physicians, nurses and Office, call extension are sound and light show. Patient's extension on the call-display lights, corridor, Interior display. Usually when asked to display, when patients call featured a display call number, the beds; outpatient management system hosted in triage, the consulting room of every doctor are set extension. Host on a display screen and speakers. You can always remind clients when the attendances. chieftain So that clients may ask for reasonable arrangements. There is no need to worry about missed visit; in laminar CCU Ward Ward and set family explorationAs the intercom system. Patients and family members can access their respective extension directly call, the host is located in the nurses ' station. The host can break through the function keys on the phone or set up call time: large medical equipment room management and intercom systems with random by device.
4. host-room out of a transmission line along the left wall washer laid in ceiling. Into the room after laying in the treatment zone (or worn tubes).
5, system, all devices are supplied by the contractor is responsible for the complete set, installation, commissioning.

14. public display system
1. display equipment is to provide information dissemination, advocacy, announcements, advertisements, text, pictorial and timekeeping tips. You can go directly to the TV, video, DVD, etc, the system is mainly composed of led screen, field controller, power amplifier, centralized source loudspeaker boxes, program, power equipment, etc.
2, display installed at the site of ____. Wall-mounted installation, using matrix led display, led display room setting close to the display of ____ location.
3, pipeline laying in the ceiling (floor mat), signal cable with copper cable ____ class (fibre), video line selection ____ coaxial cable, power cord, flame copper conductors chosen.
4. LED display installations use ____ (w × h), display color is (full color). Brightness up to __.
5. system of design by the contractor, the Institute is responsible for reviewing and interface with other systems of coordination.

15. clock system
1, the system consists of two standard master clock (a used one slave), tap output control panel, regional child clock, different universal power supply, transmission lines.
2. master clock synchronization correction signal.
3, master clock station stations installed in the communications room, this works in total ____ way tap clock.
4. clock system wiring trunking with telecommunications. Selection of ____.
5. master clock, quartz clock are choosing master clock. With master clock synchronization correction signal device.
6. Bell installed height to ____ meters away from the Center.

16. intelligent system integration system integration has brought together the various subsystems of information and of the various types of accommodation for the integrated treatment of kinetic energy, the energy on building individual subsystems integrated police, should advance design, step-by-step implementation.
1, system integration.
1), the central integration system should use the second integration, first as BMS integration, i.e. building the dispersion of building equipment for integrated management: the second is the old MS system integration. The building provides a central integrated management system.
2), on the BMs systems integration should include the BAS building automation system, fire alarm systems, security access control and alarm anti-helmets, closed circuit television monitoring system, parking management systems and public address systems.
3), the entire building of the IBMS system integration, should include the BMS system, as well as CAS communication automation system and the OAS Office system automation system, through the old MS platform, all of the entire building weak electricity system in a comprehensive and uniform monitoring and management.
4), on fire auto-alarm-system integration only secondary surveillance and control, but shall receive fire system information. For building automation and CCTV surveillance systems and other joint implementation.
2. system integration requirements
1), building weak electricity system integration design, should fully reflect the building as intelligent building characteristics.
2), the integrated system should be adopted international advanced system integration technologies. The building in all of the automation device security, fire-fighting equipment running information that brings together the central system integration platform. Through information collection, analysis and decision making. On the whole system of the electronic system for optimum control. Achieve high-efficiency, economy, energy efficiency, coordination of health status, and finally combine with the architecture, creating a comfortable, warm and safe working environment.
3), prison on fire alarm system characteristics, in order to achieve the integration of the fire protection system (not including control), the product should possess and fire alarm system of networking and data interface capabilities.
4), systems integrators should minimize cost while providing all the functionality of the system to play.
5), system integration should be established in line with international standards and Gigabit LAN. Information sharing should adopt international applicable standard TCP/IP network transmission protocols. From the surface of the various systems can be integrated.
6), system integration, should pass the remote network WAN will integrate information transmitted to other places such as the remote workstation, the remote workstation through the authorization should be able to manage, monitor and maintain the health of the entire system.

【 Weak current College 】 free design decoration of shady

With the decoration style of the individual pursuit and maximum utilization of space of consciousness more and more weight, many people are going to spend money to make professional designers to design their own home. Now many home businesses are like playing out the "free design" to attract owners, this article provides you expose free design decoration of the inside. Inside a: free decoration design easily lead to "wholesale business," Mr Director explains, a design qualification card decoration enterprises should adhere to the decoration, decoration designers avoid decoration design fee is a violation of etiquette and demeaning. However, the enterprise to "free decoration design" as a marketing tool, is a legitimate means of competition, cannot be cancelled. However, in most cases, the "free design" level is very questionable. He explained that, in fact, designers of decoration design costs into the construction cost. In this way, the decoration costs how much in the "free" under the banner of become blurred. Consumers spent more odds thought is to enjoy a free lunch. At the same time, the name of the free provision of services, once they encounter problems, designers are not responsible. Shady II: free decoration design brief was simple decoration, the most important is the decoration figure, set decoration design drawings at least need to include the original room reconnaissance plane figure, reconstruction design and so on more than 15 sheets of the drawings. A designer to accomplish these drawings, at least 20 business days. Except copying, "clone", a designer a month can do 2 design, Director, "free" after the construction drawings, often out of the original architectural drawings, design the floor plan and decoration, as well as drawing the circuit diagram, but other decoration design drawings depends on whether or not charges. To the reconstruction of hydropower, "free" is a common practice: construction field painting, even further out of the zoning plan completion rates. Due to the construction, decoration owners don't see forming of hydropower reform plans for home decoration companies in the decoration of additional planted in random. Charges decoration figure up to 100 sheets at present, more and more owners have begun to accept the "design" of the concept of charges, you pay you can enjoy what services? a designer shows his latest work: a stack of thick decoration design drawings, there are more than 80, detailed design content to strong electric, electronic, switches, distribution, ceiling, furniture, accessories ... Every detail is drawing detailed maps. Designers, like this design decoration drawing, the owners do not need to worry about out construction disputes, because each Department and construction are in black and white on paper, while construction team is also very easy, as long as fully in accordance with the drawings. The more valuable for design, construction drawing finer, more owners peace of mind. Of course, design is the need to sign the charge specifically agreed, at the Shanghai interior designers employed management procedures, defined the four-step Design Premium, design by progress payments respectively 20%, 50%, 20% and 10%. Consumers each billing are required to have the parties signature confirmation. After the signing of the contract, the consumer pays the fee for the first phase of the design design price of 20%; preliminary programme confirmed, then pay NPP design fee is 50% of the total price of the design; the second design drawings confirm before payment of the third stage design fee is 20% of total price; a full set of drawings completed, consumers pay off the balance, design fees to produce design party bound drawings 2 sets, one set of retention, a set of turnkey construction. So, consumers chose to charge design received the service guarantee.
Recently, the Shanghai City decoration Association established the Shanghai interior designers employed temporary measures "clearly pointed out:" stick to design the paid service, the design must charge ... Free design behavior to unfair competition entered the designer credit file. "But currently are not explicitly restricted free design. To this end, the decoration industry management office Zhu ping health officer believes that "free design" does not guarantee the level of design, design programmes also tended to be lax, consumer choice must carefully.

【 Weak current College 】 on furniture using CCC will issue

According to China's WTO commitments and reflect the principle of national treatment, the national compulsory product certification with a unified flag. New national mandatory certification mark as "China compulsory certification", the English name is "ChinaCompulsoryCertification", the initials "CCC".

CNCA released the 2004 public notice No. 6, decided this year may 1 for solvent-borne Wood coatings, ceramic tile and concrete antifreeze three types of decoration products compulsory product certification (CCC, also known as CCC).

Journalists from Shenzhen inspection and Quarantine Bureau has been informed that from 1 August 2005, the above three types of decoration materials implemented three management: implementation of immigration validation and verification marks; the second is exempted CCC's approval; the third is the directory known. Without the compulsory product certification (CCC) certificate and not China compulsory certification (CCC) flag to the above three types of decoration products, shall not be manufactured, sold, imported or used in other business activities.

【 Weak current College 】 smart home wireless RF (HomeRF) technology

HomeRF technology introduction

As wireless technology programme, HomeRF replaces the need for cable laying expensive transmission lines in the home network, the network devices such as laptops and application provides roaming capabilities.

In the United States Federal Communications Commission (FCC) formally approved HomeRF standard HomeRF Working Group had before it, as in the family context for voice and data wireless communications to develop a specification that is shared wireless access protocol (SWAP). SWAP specification advent, in addition to the extended high-performance, multi-band cordless telephone technology, but also greatly facilitates low-cost wireless data network technology development. However, HomeRF occupy with 802 .11b and Bluetooth same 2.4G frequency segments and too limited in functionality, and then the family application, taking into account the Office areas have 802.11b achieved status, I am afraid that in future more difficult.

In China, there are also some smart home company using radio frequency technology, often mainly uses 433.29MHz, this technique has the advantage that some products do not need to re-route use point-to-point radio frequency technology to home appliances and lighting control, installation settings are relatively easy, mainly used in the implementation of certain electrical equipment or lighting control, cost is moderate. But the system function is relatively weak, compared to a single control mode and vulnerable around wireless device environment particularly in the frequency and obstructions interference and shielding; more applicable to the newly renovated and has been renovated.

【 Weak current College 】 engineering cost knowledge essence 200 (2)

51, timing observation applies to the study of artificial manual process and machine hand and dynamic process work consumption, limitations to consider the human factor is not enough
52, construction affects factors including technical, organizational and physical factors
53, timing observation includes measuring method (selection method for measuring time, continuous measuring accuracy when---is high, generally up to 0.2 ~ 15s), realistic recording method (number indicated in law — accuracy achievable 5s, at the same time on two workers for observation, illustrations--precision can reach the 30s, while the three within the workers to observe, mixed methods--apply to three or more workers ' group work consumption measurement and analysis) and days of realistic method (of the whole working class in various work consumption method — objective: 1, on the basis of information obtained quota; 2, check the quota implementation, identify weaknesses, improve work---technology simple, laborious, extensive application and information on the comprehensive advantages, is a broader formulation fixed methods)
54, measuring method is mainly used for the determination of those scheduled repeat loop work hours consumed, the higher the accuracy of a method, select the method for measuring time (interval selection during the construction of part of a non-locking, the accuracy of measuring work 0.5s), continuation method (it is select method is more accurate and complete).
55, finishing method of observations there are basically two kinds: average correction, picture shows finishing method
56, realist record method is to study various properties of the working time of consumption, analysis of working time can be consumed by all the information is a recommendable way
57, weekday realism, recording the time when it does not need to be effective working time is divided into individual components, simply divided into suitable technical standards why not suitable technical level two
58. According to the construction process factors and characteristics of the construction process of influencing factors can be divided into technical factors and organizational factors
59. According to the construction process factors on work influence the consumption values can be divided into the extent and nature of the system elements (a single significant impact factors) and fortuitous factors (bi-directional micro factors)
60. when measuring series is not affected by or rarely affected by product number, using the arithmetic mean you can get * value, if the quantity of the product, using the weighted average calculations for the appropriate
61, elaboration of construction of the normal condition: develop workplace organization, the development of work composition, preparation of construction staffing
62, preparation machinery working conditions: develop workplace reasonable organization, reasonable workers prepare
63, time scale and production quota is artificial, fixed two manifestations
64, the development of work time can be achieved using timing observation method, also by work specifications or empirical data from
65, take advantage of work standard calculation fixed labour time (working time (working time) = basic work time + auxiliary work time = basic work time/(on 1-supplementary time%)), (standard time = ready to end work time + auxiliary work hours + breaks), fixed-time = time/(1-specification time-per cent)
66, mechanical purification work 1h normal productivity = mechanical purification work 1h normal loop * a number of recycling products
67, continuous action mechanical purification work 1h normal productivity = working hours production product quantity/working hours (h)
68, construction machinery rent yield fixed = mechanical purification work normal productivity * 1h working class pure work time = mechanical purification work normal productivity * 1h working class duration * machinery normal utilization factor
69, you must consume materials including: direct for construction and installation engineering materials (preparation of materials for net rates, fixed) + inevitable material loss + unavoidable construction waste (compiling material loss fixed)
70, determine the basic method of material consumption: on-site technical determination — compiling material loss fixed; the use of laboratory test method for the preparation of materials for net rates, fixed; the use of site statistics law — unable to distinguish the nature of the material consumption, cannot be used as a material loss of the fixed and fixed net usage of material on the basis of the calculation method;
71, material consumption in computational materials share sales
72, principles of enterprise scale: average advancement principles, concise principle, to the applicability of the main principles of preparation of experts, the independence principle, timeliness of principles, the principle of confidentiality
73, Enterprise fixed role: ⑴ plan management basis; ⑵ organizations and command effective tool construction production; calculation of workers ' remuneration ⑶; ⑷ Enterprise incentive workers; ⑸ conducive to promoting the development of advanced technology; ⑹, strengthening cost construction budget management; construction companies engineered ⑺ tender, bid basis and in pursuance of
74, project settlement is building units and construction units in accordance with the project progress on the completion of some project realization of monetary payment behavior
75, budget fixed by the principle: according to the Community average to determine the applicability of the principles, concise, stick to the unity and the integration of different
76, budget fixed compilation steps: preparation phase — information gathering phase-fixed compilation phase — fixed the final approval stage — modify, process the data stage
77, construction fixed units of measurement in accordance with the procedure and the General construction process; and budget fixed units of measurement are mainly based on sub-project engineering and structural elements of the shape features and variations to determine
78, of two methods: the ⑴ production quota; ⑵ on-site observations based on the determination of data (field-weekday realist approach)
Number 79, artificial shadow days including basic labor (complete fixed measure single-key labor provided by labor quota + should increase the amount of helpers additional labor +) and other labor (ultra distance labor + secondary employment + artificial magnitude difference)
80, artificial magnitude difference = (basic labor + secondary employment + ultra distance labor) * artificial magnitude difference coefficients
81, actual engineering field distance over budget quota determination distance, Can be calculated second cartage
82, material consumption (determination into field observation and laboratory method) by purpose is divided into: primary materials, auxiliary materials, working materials, other materials (material consumption = material net amount (1 + rate))
83, budget fixed machinery construction consumed rent = fixed machinery consumption of rent (1 + mechanical magnitude difference coefficients)
84, proportion of scattered small mechanical press work quota calculation introduced class members, to mechanical charges or other fees that are no longer machine column the number of rent
85, years non-job shadow days: refers to workers in learning, training, mobility, visiting relatives, leave, because climate impact, women children, 6 months or less sick leave as well as production, marriage, bereavement, the number of days in the year should work and not the number of days of work
86 days, effective work years should work days =-year non-working days
87, impact factors of artificial price: social average wage levels, living consumption index, the composition of the artificial price, supply and demand in the labour market, the implementation of social security and welfare policy
88, impact materials budget price change factors: market supply and demand changes, material changes in the cost of production, circulation and supply system, the transport distance and transport methods, the domestic market will have an impact on the price of imported materials
89, materials budget price means the materials from its sources to arrive at the site of the library after the warehouse general average price. General material price (factory price, imported materials arrive on board, sales departments, wholesale and retail price), and marketing departments handling, packing, shipping fees, purchasing and maintenance costs;
90, materials budget price = (materials and marketing departments of the original price + handling fee + packaging + shipping fees + transport loss) (1 + procurement and custody rates)-packaging materials recycling value
91, materials supply price = material to supply departments handling the original price +
92, packaging materials, packaging and recycling value = price * proportion * recovery value of recycling ratio
93, migration and incidental expenses (freight, in accordance with the other cities (including transfer fares, handling, transport, insurance, freight) and city freight) refers to the material by the purchasing or shipping point to the construction site of the warehouse or storage site, including site search transit transport occurs during all expenses and transit tolls, including shunting barge fee, handling fees, transportation costs, and additional costs, etc.
94, purchase and maintenance costs = materials transported to site warehouse prices * procurement and custody rate = (materials and marketing departments of the original price + handling fee + packaging + shipping fees + transport tear) * procurement and custody rates
95, construction machinery rent price includes: depreciation, cost of repairs, often repairs, Ann (enclosed) clearance fees and other charges (non-farm freight), fuel, labor, power, vehicle and vessel usage tax, etc.
96, religious dramas depreciation = mechanical budget price * (1-residual rate) * loan interest factor/durable total budget rent; machinery for ex-factory price and incidental expenses of calculation; loan interest coefficient = 1 + (n + 1) I/2; durable religious dramas that mechanical life, can be divided into technical service life and economic useful life (used in the same fixed quota), durable rent = depreciation life * years working class = overhaul interval of rent * overhaul cycle (where the overhaul period = lifetime repair count + 1)
97, religious dramas overhaul costs = a major repair costs * life-cycle repair times/durable total rent
98, rent fuel power consumption = (actual number * 4 + fixed average + survey mean)/6
99, engineering price generally refers to the construction and installation the project's budget price and unit price estimates; including artificial fee, material fee, machinery;
100, part of the project price: press using object content architecture engineering price and installation engineering price; by purpose into budget price, estimates range by using the unit price; sub-regional unit price and the unit price supplement; case basis at a fixed price and unit price; the price supplements the integrated level divided into basic direct cost price (artificial fee, material fee, mechanical), full-cost prices (labor, materials, machinery, onsite expenses, other direct costs and indirect costs) and the full price (labor, materials, machinery, onsite expenses, other direct costs, indirect costs, profits and taxes)